高考英语专题七选五完整版课件.ppt

Thenexttimeyougointoabank,astore,orasupermarket,stopandlisten.Whatdoyouhear?_71_Itssimilartothemusicyoulistento,butitsnotexactlythesame.Thatsbecausethismusicwasespeciallydesignedtorelaxyou,ortogiveyouextraenergy.Sometimesyoudontevenrealizethemusicisplaying,butyoureacttothemusicanyway.,C.Musicisplayinginthebackground.,Quietbackgroundmusicusedtobecalledelevator(电梯)musicbecauseweoftenhearditinelevators.Butlatelywehearitinmoreandmoreplaces,andithasanewnameMuzak.Aboutone-thirdofthepeopleinAmericalistentoMuzakeveryday.Themusicplaysfor15minutesatatime,withshortpausesinbetween.Itisalwaysmorelivelybetweentenandeleveninthemorning,andbetweenthreeandfourintheafternoon,whenpeoplearemoretired._72_,B.Themusicgivesthemextraenergy.,IfyoulistentoMuzakcarefully,youwillprobablyrecognizethenamesofmanyofthesongs.SomemusiciansorsongwritersdontwanttheirsongstobeusedasMuzak,butothersarehappywhentheirsongsarechosen.Why?_73_,F.Theygetasmuchas$4millionayeariftheirsongsareused.,Musicisoftenplayedinpublicplacesbecauseitisdesignedtomakepeoplefeellesslonelywhentheyareinanairportorahotel.IthasbeenproventhatMuzakdoeswhatitisdesignedtodo.TiredofficeworkerssuddenlyhavemoreenergywhentheyhearthepleasantsoundofMuzakinthebackground._74_Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.,D.Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.,_75_Theysayitsboringtohearthesamesongsallthetime.ButotherpeopleenjoyhearingMuzakinpublicplaces.Theysayithelpsthemrelaxandfeelcalm.Onewayoranother,Muzakaffectseveryone.SomefarmersevensaytheircowsgivemoremilkwhentheyhearMuzak!,A.SomepeopledontlikeMuzak.,题型解读：,大纲要求：在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。时间：大约67分钟考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）,三种关联秒杀七选五,Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.,前后语义关联；前后语法关联；文章结构关联,前后语句因含义构成的联系，叫语义关联,前后语句在语法层面构成的显著联系，叫语法关联,篇章段落间构成的结构关系，叫结构关联,请翻译：headboltwashernutthreadwidth,线宽度,无关联,头,螺栓,洗衣工,坚果,译错了,换一种译法：headboltwashernutthreadwidth,螺帽,有关联,螺距,螺母,垫圈,螺栓,语法关联,名词、代词呼应关系；第二次出现用the的呼应；前后时态一致呼应关系；并列、复合句式关系：,篇章结构关联,篇章结构指的是段与段的关联比如：总分式；辨证三段式引子，正方，反方，我认为,1-1、_,Duringmyfirstmeeting,Ipresentedandthenopenedthefloortoquestions.71.Myfirstreactionwastoanswerdefensively.,B.Restatethequestionwithrespect.C.Someideascanbequiteconcrete.D.Thereweremanydifficultquestions.,词汇复现-同词复现,细节类题型,语义关联,_Theimageincludesthewayyoulook,thewayyouact,thewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink.Interestingly,ourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutus.Alwaysloveyourself.Self-imageisyourownmindspictureofyourself.Dontallowdoubtstooccurinit.,self-images,Self-image,image,细节类题型,Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway._A.Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.B.Beingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmood.C.Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.,arearound,Surround,细节类题型,1-2、_,Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchangedourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend71.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.,D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.,词汇复现-反义词复现,细节类题型,But,复现是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，复现的形式主要是指主要是指同词（同源词）复现、同（近）义词复现、反义词复现等。,语义关联,Parentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.,D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.,2-1_,词汇同现（同一词汇范畴),细节类题型,同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇（意思相近）在文章中同时出现，你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到做题快而准。,语义关联,RidingaLondonsubway,apersonfromChinawillnoticeonemajordifference:InLondon,commuters(乘车上下班的人)dontlookateachother._71_.Thatisnotrudeness-peoplearejusttoobusytobotherlooking.A.ModernLondonerarefancyvictimsD.Infact,eyecontactisavoidedatallthetime.,2-2_,意义同现法,细节类题型,虽用不同的词但表达相同的意思。即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。,语义关联,语义关联显著特征：,【屡试屡验的方法】,前后有相同字、呼应词,在空前、空后句中寻找相同字或相关呼应词,Trytakingthesefoursteps.thenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talkto“trustedadult,suchas“parentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems,suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.,D.Ah,itfeelssogoodwhenthestressisgone.E.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddontforgetaboutyourfriends.,_,代词线索,细节类题型,名词、代词单复数上呼应关系,语法关联,Atthebeginning,muchdependsonhowpeoplemeet，andongoodfirstimpressions.Aswegettoknowpeople,72.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofthegreatestimportance，itismoredifficulttohaveagoodrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisabigdifferenceinageandbackgroundA.weareusuallyfriendswithonlyafewB.manyfactorscanaffectfriendshipandrelationshipEweconsiderthingslikeage，race，looks，economicandsocialstatus，etc.,细节类题型,_Improvedthinkingabilitieswillhelpthemtounderstandmorebothinacademicsenseandinasanindividual.Alwaysloveyourself.Thinkingisaskill.Creativethinkingtechniquescandevelopchildrensmind.Thinkingisatool,anditissomethingthatcanbesharpened.,them,children,细节类题型,_Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadpartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.BothtelevisionandtheInternethavemanydisadvantages.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.,They,Newspapersandmagazines,read,细节类题型,Ex.6AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea._1_Thetemperaturescanfallto60，whichis60belowfreezing.Inthecapital,Ottawa,theaverageofwintertemperatureis-10,andinsummer21._2_TheaverageJanuarytemperatureis3,andinJulyitis18,CanadaisfamousforthekindofpaperwhichisusedfornewspapersCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.ThewestcoastofCanadaisthewarmestplaceinwinterIntheNorth,thewintersarelongandhardwithsnowforsixmonths.FortwocenturiesEnglishandFrenchsettlersstruggledagainsteachother.,数字线索,包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如ratio比率,rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。,语义关联,细节类题型,Some40yearsearlier,atthebeginningofthe18thcentury,theFrenchhadfoundedanothercityjustabovetheMississippidelta,NewOrleans.75.NewOrleansisoneofthegreatportsoftheworld,andoneofthegreatestterminalsforbothseaandrivertraffic.A.ItwastheMississippithatmadethecitywhatitis（海淀一模TheMississippi）BLevees,highbanksbuiltofearth,holdbackthefloodwatersCTherefore,asweknow,itsthethirdlongestriverintheworld,冠词线索,定冠词the一般之上文出现过，或提到过的人或物，并且上文提到的该人或物以a/an+n（another/some+n）的形式出现.,语法关联,细节类题型,_2Thetermitselfcamefromthefactthatthedancesweremadeinthestreets.Therearentanyrulesto“streetdance”andfreestyleisemphasized.Itshardtodefine,butitisbasicallyfreelyexpressingmusicwithonesbody.A.Streetdancewasfirstformedinthe20thcentury.B.Streetdanceisoneofthemostpopularformsofoutdoorsport.C.BattleoftheYear,FreestyleSessionandJustDebutareallbreakdancingcompetition.,时态线索,相邻句子时态往往一样,语法关联,细节类题型,_Thetermitselfcamefromthatthefactthedancesweremadeinthestreets.Therearentanyrulesto“streetdance”andfreestyleisemphasized.Itshardtodefine,butitisbasicallyfreelyexpressingmusicwithonesbody.,A.Streetdancewasfirstformedinthe20thcentury.B.Streetdanceisoneofthemostpopularformsofoutdoorsport.C.BattleoftheYear,FreestyleSessionandJustDebutareallbreakdancingcompetition.D.Therearemanydifferentschoolsofstreetdance.E.Sometimesstreetdancebecomescompetitiveandyoushouldholdyourowninacircle.F.Streetdancehasbeenacceptedbytheyoung.GSomeschoolsusestreetdanceasaformofphysicaleducation.,was,is,are,are,becomes,has,use,时态线索,相邻句子时态往往一样,语法关联,细节类题型,2019/12/15,29,可编辑,_UniversitiesinBritainareamagnetforoverseasstudents.Therearecurrentlyover200000fromoutsideBritainstudyingatBritishuniversities.ThelargestsinglegroupisChinesestudents.Therearecurrently50000intheUK.UniversitiesintheUKItisverysimpletobecomeaninternationalstudentintheUKScholarshipsinUniversities,标题,主旨类题型-标题,短小精悍，简洁概括全文，大写。,结构关联,TherearemanythingsthatparentsandteacherscandotohelpchildrendeveloplovefornatureStartyoungIfyoulovenatureyourself,itisveryeasyto2_Agreatwaytohelpchildrenconnectthemwithnatureistogetthemtohelpinthegarden.thiswillbringthemtouch.TakethemintothewildMaketripstothewildwithyourchildrenregularly,A.LetthemtohelpinthegardenB.Astheygrowolder,teachchildrentovaluenature.C.Maketripstothewildwithyourchildrenregularly.,Teachingyourkidstolovenature,主旨类题型-标题,祈使句,结构关联,ThreeAppleschangedtheworld.ThefirstoneseducedEve.ThesecondoneawakenedNewton.ThethirdonewasinthehandsofSteveJobs.1_oncharacterImtheonlypersonIknowthatslostaquarterofabilliondollarsongooddesignThatsbeenoneonmymottoes-focusandsimplicity.simple._3_Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife.andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoureyoubelieveisgreatwork.,A.Itsverycharacter-building.B.HerearesomefamouswordsfromSteveJobstoshare.C.OnyourworkinglifeD.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.,B,C,主旨类题型-标题,介词短语,结构关联,_Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabits.Habits,whethergoodorbad,aregraduallyformed.Whethergoodornothabitsare,theyareeasytogetridof.,段首,主旨类题型-段落大意,概括文段：认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。,结构关联,点出主题，引出下文,靠上下文承接做题,总结下文本段主题,文章主题，总结全文,首尾呼应,1)首段首句2)中间段首句3)末段首句,主旨类题型-段落大意,Notallpastpredictionshavebeenprovedwrong._.Somegreatthinkerspredictedthearrivalofthecreditcard,thefaxmachineandeventheInternet-yearsbeforetheyhappened.PredictionsoftheFutureAfewofthemhavebeensurprisinglyaccurate.C.Ithasntappearyet.,段中,主旨类题型-段落大意,承上启下：根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案,结构关联,NowadaysinChina,parentscareabouttheirchildrenseducationmorethananythingelse.Theyspendalotcoaching(训练)theirchildrenintheirstudies.Someevenhireteachersfortheirchildren.Manyhavetheirchildrensenttoafter-classschools._.Soitseemsasifabettereducationisallthatparentsexpectfortheirchildren.Skillsandknowledgemeanscompetition.Skillsandknowledgedoesntmeanall.,段尾,主旨类题型-段落大意,总结，承上启下：注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。,结构关联,逻辑关系线索（并列或递进关系）,Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.75Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.,B.Dothingstogether.C.Donotwaittobespokento.D.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.,and,or,also，neithernor,eitheror,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesameas,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore,结构关联,推理类题型,Itseemsurgent,thatcommunicationsintransportshouldbeimproved._Allovercities,itseemsthatpeoplearetootiredandtoorushedtobepolite.Communicationbetweenhumanbeingsshouldalsobekeptsmoothandpolite.B.Yetthisisalltoooftenseen.C.Thepublicshouldobeytherules.,also,推理类题型,逻辑关系线索（因果关系）,Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.74.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.,E.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.F.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.,because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,sothat,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,结构关联,推理类题型,_Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs.Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether.Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning.Someparents.A.Soanumberofparentsbeganhome-schoolingB.HomeschoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeopleC.ParentschoosehomeschoolingforseveralreasonsD.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers,推理类题型,逻辑关系线索（转折关系）,Everyoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabitandthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.71Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.,D.Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.F.Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G.Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain.,but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof,结构关联,推理类题型,ThiscouldbewatchingTVorlisteningtomusic.Doingsomeexercisesearlierinthedayshouldhelpyoufeelphysicallyaswellasmentallytired._However,coffeeorteashouldbeavoidedastheycontaincaffeineandwillkeepyouawake.A.So,whatsagoodsleep?B.AbedtimedrinkcanalsohelpC.Havingagoodsleepwillkeepyoulivelythewholeday.,推理类题型,_However,therealmoviecapitalisMumbai,inIndia.MumbaiusedtobeknownasBombay,andsothefilmindustrythereiscalled“Bollywood”A.Sometimestheyevenwritethescriptbyhand.B.MostpeoplethinkthatthecapitalofthemovieworldisHollywood,intheUnitedStates.C.Theymayevenshootscenesforseveralfilmsonthesamedayusingthesameclothes.,However,推理类题型,Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld._Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromonesschool,family,Thefollowingareitsadvantages.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.Consideradistanceeducation.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.,推理类题型,Takinggoodnotesisatimesavingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways._Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffers.(2008宁夏.海南卷）,Usewords,notcompletesentences.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandremember.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.,Second,时间、层次关系,afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwith，inthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具体的时间,结构关联,推理类题型,Psychologiststhinktheremaybemanyreasonswhyviolentgamesaremoreharmfultochildrenthanviolentmovies.Firstly,playersareactivelyinvolvedinviolence,andmaybegintouseweaponsassecondnature._A.Childrenaremostlikelytobecomeaddictedtoviolentvideogames.B.Atleast12murderssince1997havebeenlinkedtoanaddictionwithviolentvideogames.C.Secondly,violentgamesproviderepetitiveaggressiveexperiencesthatarerewardedbymorekilling.,Firstly,Secondly,推理类题型,前后语义关联前后语法关联文章结构关联,前后语义关联：词汇复现法词汇、意义同现法【屡试屡验的方法】在空前、空后句中寻找相同字或相关呼应词前后语法关联:代词线索冠词线索时态呼应文章结构关联:标题型选项特点段落大意：段首概括文段段中承上启下段尾总结承上启下逻辑关系：