必修一unit1-3单元知识总结及练习.doc

UNIT1单词拓展某些名词加后缀-ful变为形容词。_ n. 力量;权力 _ adj. 强有力的某些名词加后缀-y构成形容词，表示“多的”“似的”，这类名词大多与气候有关。如:cloud /cloudy; rain /rainy; wind /windy; snow /snowy _ _n.灰土 adj.积满灰土的在某些形容词、动词后加-y构成抽象名词。如，discovery 发现； inquiry询问； difficulty困难。 v.痊愈;恢复;重新获得 n.恢复;重新获得某些形容词后直接加-ly变成副词: adj.完全的,整个的 adv.完全地,全然准确的; 精确的 adv.确切地,恰恰某前缀dis-表示否定意义: vi.同意 vi.不同意 n.& vt.喜欢 n.& vt.不喜欢综合练习一.A用所给词语的恰当形式填空(构词法)1. Being polite is the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends. Polite words can be easy yet very _ (power) in our daily life.2. Recently we have had a discussion about whether parents should accompany their children in their study. Nearly 70% of us _ (agree) since it makes us fall into the habit of dependence， so that we wont form the good habit of studying.3. It is miserable to see those patients _ from poverty and disease and we all want to do something to release these _ from their_（suffer）.4. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very _ (dust) windows.5. According to the survey， 80% of the students were quite satisfied with it， while 15%_ (like) it and 5% had no opinion.B用所给词语的恰当形式填空（名词）1. _ (Anne) sister Margot was very upset that the family had to move. However， she knew that she had got to go through all the_ (difficult) with her family.2. For the sake of peoples health and _ (happy)， measures should be taken to control and prevent pollution and everyone should make a _ (contribute) to it.3. In my opinion， it is wrong to cheat in _ (exam) because it breaks the rules of schools.4. In my opinion， no one agrees that a _ (wealth) person without good health can be happy. So， just do our best and keep fit.5. _ (try) by food processing plants (食品加工厂) in Germany have concluded that foods covered with the glass can store longer than those stored in normal condition.6. Upon _ (arrive)， we began to work immediately. Some were digging holes. Some were carrying and planting young trees. Others were watering them.7. Since “Life is a stage”, we are actually all actors and _ (act). On this stage, everyone has his own role to play, and I will try my best to play my role well.8. There are more visible changes in our gestures and facial _ (express).9. Lang Lang is a world-class young _ (piano) who grew up in Shenyang.10. _ fun it is to jump into water and swim on a hot summer day!二.短语翻译1._合计 2._ (使)平静;(使)镇定 3._ 遭受;患病 4._ 参加(活动) 5._ 经历;经受 6._ 将某物装箱打包 7._ 关心;挂念 8._ 对十分狂热/痴迷 9._ 对厌烦 10._ 与相处;进展11. _ (与)相爱;爱上 12. _ 与无关 13. _ 故意 14. _ 在黄昏时刻 15. _ 一连串;一系列 16. _ 面对面地17. _ 碰巧做某事 18. _不再 19. _ 记下;放下;登记 20. _ 为了三.短语运用1. 李老师是一个工作狂。2. 她对我们学生非常关心。3. 我们跟她相处非常融洽。4. 我英语不好，曾有一次课堂上看与学习无关的书。5. 她碰巧发现此事。6. 她找我面对面地谈心。7. 为了让我喜欢上英语，她不厌其烦地告诉我如何学好英语。8. 她鼓励我用英语写日记，记下所见所闻。9. 我不再害怕英语。Unit 2 English around the world一、词汇过关71._ n.电梯, 升降机2. _ n.汽油3. _ n.航海; 航行4. _ n.公寓住宅5. _ n.卡车6. _ n.本身;身份7. _ n.口音; 重音8. _ n 街区; 块9. _ n.用法; 词语惯用法10. _ n.词汇; 词汇量/表11. _vt.辨认出; 承认;公认12. _ n.& vt.命令; 掌握13. _ n.& vt.请求; 要求14. _ adj.本地/国的 n.本地/国人15. _ adv.直接adj.笔直的(A)单词派生 写出下列单词的派生词。1. _ adj.实在的, 真实的 _ adv.实际上; 事实上2. _adj.逐渐的; 逐步的 _ adv. 逐渐地; 逐步地3. _adj.流利的; 流畅的 _ adv. 流利地; 流畅地4. _adj.频繁的; 常见的 _ adv.常常; 频繁地5. _ v.表示; 表达 _ n.词语; 表示; 表达6. _ adj.东方的; 东部的 _ n.东方 _ adv.向东(B)灵活运用 用所给词的适当形式填空。1.We must learn to speak English _ _(fluent). 2. Im not really a country girl, but I suppose Im _ (gradual) getting used to looking after the animals. 3. From the changing _ (express) on speakers faces and the tones of their voices, they can tell lies from truths.4. It is often cheaper to buy goods on the internet. However, we cant _ _ (actual) see the products we want or check their quality.5. Theyll trade with Central Asian and _ _ (east) European countries. 三、短语翻译1. _ 因为; 由于2. _ 走近; 上来; 提出3. _ 与交流4. _ 利用; 使用5. _ 扮演一人角色; 参与6. _以为基础7. _现在; 目前8. _例如;像这种的9. _比以往任何时候10. _信不信由四、短语运用 1.我走上前去就如何学好英语征求老师意见。1. I to the teacher and ask him for advice on how to learn English well.2. 目前学习英语的最好方法是使用英语。2. , the best way to learn English is to use it. 3. 经常运用英语在英语学习中起着重要作用。3. Using English frequently English learning.4. 我应该充分利用每一个机会用英语同他人交流, 如我的老师、同学和室友等。4. I should every opportunity to other people, such as your teachers, your classmates and your roommates.5. 任何方法都建立在努力的基础上。5. Any method hard work.6. 信不信由你, 用这种方式学习一段时间后, 你会发现英语学习比以前容易多了。6. , after you have learned it in this way for some time, youll find English learning is much easier . 五、词汇用法1. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.后来, 在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其他地区。于是, 许多别的国家开始说英语了。(B1P9)同义：as a result of，due to，thanks to 运用：用because 或because of填空。 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. We have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.2. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础, 而现代英语不是。(B1P10)present sth. to sb./present sb. with sth. 把交给某人；向某人颁发 at present=at the present time=now 目前, 现在 be present at 出席；到场(反义: be absent from) 运用： All the people _ _(出席晚会的)were her supporters. The mayor presented a gold cup _ the winner in the competition yesterday.3. Id like to come up to your apartment.我想到你的公寓来。(B1P10)come up 走近; 上来; 长出; 发芽come up to达到(某标准); 升到(某点)come up with 想出(办法; 主意); 提出(意见) 运用：(1)The water _ my neck.(2)The boy _ a new idea of solving the problem.(3) He _ the policeman and asked the way.4. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. 新加坡、马来西亚、和非洲其他国家, 比如南非, 人们也说英语。(B1P10)such as 短语介词, 只能放在名词前for example副词词组, 可放句首、句中或句末 运用: (1) I like drinks _ tea and coffee.(2) Many great men have risen from poverty(贫穷)Lincoln and Edison _.5. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 所以到17世纪, 莎士比亚所用的词汇比以前任何时候都大。(B1P10)运用: 我们应该充分利用每一分钟。We should try to _.6. command n.&vt.命令; 指令; 掌握(B1P12)command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事command that sb. (should) do命令某人做某事have a good command of 精通运用: (1)She has _very good command of the English language. He commanded me _ (leave) at once. He commanded that I _ (leave) at once.7. request v & n.请求, 要求(B1P12)request sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事request that sb.(should)do 要求某人做某事 运用: He requested me _ (write) a letter of recommendation. He requested that I _ (write) a letter of recommendation. The passengers _ (request) to show their passports.单元归纳总结 人称代词有主格和宾格之分, 主格在句中作主语(如He), 宾格在句中作宾语(如her)。 物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种, 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语(如my)；名词性物主代词在句中可作主语(如Yours)、宾语和表语(如hers)等。 反身代词可作动词(teach, enjoy， dress, express等)或介词(by, for等)的宾语; 或者作主语或宾语的同位语，起加强语气的作用, 译作“亲自, 本身, 本人”。注意: 反身代词不能单独作主语; 在be, feel等系动词后作表语, 表示身体或精神状态处于正常。一、单句填空 用适当的代词填空。1.She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please _ .2. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960 1279) was very anxious to help _rice crop grow up quickly. 3. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _ . 4. Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it _ .5. This man might have needed the umbrella for _ later during the day but preferred to give it to me.6. Our neighbours gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest.7. Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury?8. To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.9. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute.10. Is your camera like Bills andAnns? No, but its almost the same as _. 二、语篇填空 用适当的代词填空。Dear Mr Johnson， I saw 1 _advertisement in the newspaper about your finding a small white dog with some black hair on 2 _ head. The dog is 3_ and I can prove it.4 _had a brown path on one of its hind legs.5_ wife was very unhappy that we had lost 6 _ dog. We are grateful that 7_ found our dog and are keeping 8 _. Can I come and collect it from you at 9 _ address given in the advertisement? Please let 10 _ know.Thank you，Barney JonesUNIT3一、单词拼写1. _ n. 日记; 杂志; 定期刊物2. _ n. 庙宇; 寺庙3. _ n. 洞穴; 地窖4. _ n. 枕头; 枕垫5. _ n. 小包; 包裹 6. _ n. 态度; 看法7. _ n. 海拔高度; 高处8. _ n. 旅行; 旅程9. _ vi.(指液体)沸腾; (水)开10. _ vi. 骑自行车11. _ adj. 顽固的; 固执的12. _ adv. 最后; 终于13. _ n. 时间表; 进度表 vt. 为某事安排时间14. _ n. 弯；拐角 vt. (bent, bent) 使弯曲 vi. 弯身；弯腰15. _ n. 风景；视野；观点；见解 vt. 观看；注视；考虑 B)单词运用： 根据句意从上述单词中选择一个恰当的单词填入空格。1.The_ was full of devotees wanting to pray to the god.2. Do we need to_ the water before drinking?3. Grant is too_ to accept my advice.4. After she woke up, there were always tears on the_.5. The third worry over Mr Sarkozy is his _ towards public finances.二、单词拓展(A)单词派生 写出下列单词与其派生词。某些名词前加dis-变为反义词。如: ability disability; order disorder; honesty dishonesty等1. _ n. 有利条件; 优点 _ n. 不利条件;不便之处很多t(te)结尾的动词后加-ion变为名词。如：educate education; edit edition; exhibit exhibition; invent invention; expect expectation2. _ vi. 毕业 n. 大学毕业生 _ n. 毕业 3. _ n. 运送; 运输 vt. 运送; 运输 _ n. 运送; 运输某些动词后加-ance变为名词。如：perform performance; assist assistance allow allowance; appear appearance4. _ vt. 确保, 保证; 给保险 _ n.保险某些动词后加-t(s)ion变为名词，加-ive变为形容词。 如：decide decision decisive; attract attraction attractive; relate relation relative; act action active6. _ vt. 说服; 劝说 _ n. 说服;劝说 _ adj.有说服力的; 劝说的某些以se/ze结尾的动词变名词是去e再加-ation。 类例：realize realization; modern modernization; civilize civilization。7. _ vt. 组织; 成立 _ n. 组织8. _ n. 信赖; 依靠 _ v. 信赖; 依靠 _ adj.可信赖的; 可靠的(B)灵活运用： 1.The lack of decent public transport is a great _(advantage). 2. Do you know how much percentage of Chinese students come back from abroad after _(graduate)?3. The World Health _ (organize) says half of them will die if they are not treated. 4. The salesman has a _ (persuade) way of talking.5. I have great _(determine) to master English! 6. I will have it paid by the _ (insure) company. 7. Practice is the only _(rely) test of theory. 三、短语翻译1._ 在午夜2. _ 喜爱; 喜欢3. _ 关心; 忧虑; 惦念4. _ 改变主意5. _下决心; 决定6. _投降; 屈服; 让步7. _照常8. _从那以后四、短语运用 王宏很关心他的小狗。 1. Wang Hong much his puppy. 2. 他很喜欢它。2. He it. 3. 这天, 他像往常一样在午夜起床了。3. That day, he got up . 4. 他下决心给狗狗洗个澡。4. He to give his puppy a bath. 5. 但狗狗并不屈服。5. But it