2. 初三复习模块——动词(非谓语动词)教师版.doc

动词（非谓语动词）动词（五年中考，三年模拟）课前小测1.(2013七中一模)Youd better _ let your children _ with fire. Its dangerous.A. dont; playB. not; playC. dont; to playD. not; to play2.（2014铁一一模）The headmaster said they would have _ library _ .A. another, builtB. other, builtC. another, buildingD. other, building3.（2014十六中一模）Its was foolish _ you _ the test without preparation.A. for, to takeB. of, takingC. for, takingD. of, to take4.（2015华附月考）The heavy rain prevented us _ out for the picnic.A. to goB. goingC. goD. went5.（2015华附月考）The teacher asked him _ time playing computer games before the exam.A. to wasteB. wastedC. to not wasteD. not to waste6.（2015七中月考）My mother asked me _ her _ the clothes the whole morning yesterday, so I had no time to go shopping with my friends.A. to help, washB. help, to washC. helping, washingD. to help, washing7.（2015七中月考）I prefer_ bread on my own to _ in the bread shop.A. making, buyingB. making, buyC. to making, buyD. to make, bough8.（2015执信月考）- You are brave enough to refuse your boss invitation.- Well, now I regret_ that.A. to doB. doingC. have doneD. do9.（2015执信月考）I _have a walk after supper, but now I_playing basketball.A. used to, am used forB. am used to; used toC. used to; am used toD. am used to; am used for10.（2015二中月考）The trees give rewards to the ants, like special branches _.A. to liveB. to live inC. livingD. living inKeys: BADBD 6-10 AABCB考点清单非谓语动词1.不定式 to do ：动词不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形”，称为带to 的不定式；有时，to 可以省略，称为不带to 的不定式。其否定形式为 not + (to)+ 动词原形。（1）作主语：常用it做形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末, 其结构为： It is + adj. + (for/of) +动词不定式To learn a foreign language is not easy. It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语并不容易。（2）作宾语一些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，这类动词有：agree, begin, choose, dare, decide, expect, forget, hate, hope, learn, like, love, need, offer, prefer, promise, refuse, remember, start, try, want, wish, would like等，常用的有would like, want, decide, learn, need, refuse, agree, plan, expect, wish。智康口诀1：想要决定学习，需要同意计划，希望不要拒绝。想要（would like, want）决定（decide）学习（learn）需要（need）同意（agree）计划（plan）希望（wish, expect, hope）拒绝（refuse）例：I hope to see her soon.She wants to go to university someday.He began to read and write after lunch.（当一个以上的不定式连用时，后面的不定式往往省略to。）l 注意否定：not + (to)+ 动词原形 如：ask/ tell sb. (not) to do sth. （3）表目的用作目的状语，例：He came to borrow my dictionary.They went on foot, so as not to be heard.In order not to be heard, they went on foot.so as to, in order to 意思都是“以便，为的是”，它们都可以用在句中，但是在句首要用in order to。另外，以上后两句例句中用了否定式，意思是“以免，免得”。还有He worked as hard as he could to pass the exam.(to do表目的)2. 省略to的不定式dowhy not do, had better (not) do, would rather do, could/would/will you please (not) dolet/have/ make sb. do sth.课堂练习如I would rather stay at home.1.The teacher warned his students _on the thin ice.A. not skatingB. no skatingC. to skateD. not to skate2.Have you got everything ready for the trip?Yes. Theres nothing _.A. to worry aboutB. need to worry aboutC. to worry at allD. worrying about3.Have you read about the pianist in the newspaper?-Yes, I have decided to go and _ this evening.A. heard his playB. hear him playC. hear him playingD. hear him to play4.The light in the office is still on. Oh, I forgot _.A. turning it offB. turn offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off5.John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A. to washB. washingC. washD. to be washingKeys: DABCA3. 动名词doing：动名词的形式由“动词原形ing”构成，例如：do doing, study studying, close closing, stop stopping。注意+ing的不同情况。（1）作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。 Collecting stamps is his hobby.（2）宾语： 用作动词宾语：finish, practice, be worth, consider, suggest, cant help, feel like, enjoy, miss, mind, admit, keep 用作介词宾语：be afraid of, be good at, How about/What about, be interested in, be busy (in) doing, instead of, have difficulty(in)doing, have no trouble(in)doing, prevent/stop(from)doing, spend money/time in doing sth, 注意to为介词的短语：look forward to盼望 prefer to比起更喜欢 pay attention to 注意 be used to doing sth.(习惯做某事) be used to 被用来做 used to do 过去常常课堂练习1.The boy was often heard _aloud in the morning by his neighbours.A. readB. to readingC. readingD. to read2.-Would you mind _here? -Of course not.A. my sittingB. me to sitC. me sittingD. I to sit3.Im thinking about _a very _vacation in Sanya, Hainan Island.A. taking, relaxingB. taking, relaxedC. to take, relaxingD. to take, relaxed4.-Have you finished _the novel?-Not yet. Ill try _it back to you before Saturday.A. reading, givingB. to read, to giveC. reading, to giveD. to read, giving5.I like _cards, but I dont like _ it right now.A. playing, to doB. playing, doingC. to play, doingD. to play, to do6.Old people and young children should take care _ the roads.A. crossingB. to crossC. acrossingD. walking across7._too much high-calory food made her _fatter and fatterA. To eat, becameB. Eat, becomeC. Eating, becomeD. Eating, to become8.It took me about six hours _to Guangzhou by coach from Zhanjiang.A. goingB. to goC. wentD. getting9.In our school, the students arent allowed _ their ears _.A. to get, piercingB. to get, piercedC. getting, piercingD. getting, pierced10.If you happen _David, tell him _me a call.A. to see, to giveB. to see, givingC. seeing, to giveD. seeing, givingKeys: DAACA BCBBA4. 现在分词ing&过去分词done：分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形ing”构成（如：ask asking, study studying, live living, stop stopping）。现在分词短语具有形容词和副词的作用，在句中可用作多种句子成分。过去分词的构成有两种：规则的变化由“动词原形ed”构成（如：ask asked, live lived, study studied, stop stopped） 如have sth. done I have my clothes washed. sb. called/named I know a boy named John.考点1 区分同类别词组： interesting-interested exciting-excited boringbored relaxingrelaxed embarrassing-embarrassed surprising-surprised考点2 现在分词作宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行，动作是宾语发出的，主动的，多用于使役动词或感官动词之后。如：see, watch, hear, feel, smell, notice, find; have, get, leave, keep例：We saw a light burning in the window.I cant get the clock going again.I saw him talking with the doctor.He kept the machine running for ten hours.智康口诀：吾看三室两厅一感觉，半帮助打死也不吐。（let, make, help三个单词除外）易错点：have sb. do sth. = let sb. do sth. have sb. doing sth.=keep sb. doing sth.请比较：I saw the old man crossing the street. 我看见那个老人在过街。（表示动作正在进行）I saw the old man cross the street. 我看见那个老人过街的。（表示动作已发生过）5. 非谓语动词的辨析 forget/ remember/regret to do 没有做 forget/ remember/regret doing 已经做过 stop/go on to do 停下来或接下去做另一件事 stop/go on doing 停止或继续做同一件事 try to do sth. 努力去做某事，不一定成功 try doing sth. 试着去做某事 manage to do sth.努力做某事，且成功了 need/want to do主动，去做 need/want doing被动，被做= need/want to be done例：This room needs cleaning / to be cleaned. The old watch wants repairing / to be repaired. mean to do 打算， 想 mean doing 意味着 see/hear/find/watch sb. do 做了，全过程 see/hear/find/watch sb. doing 正在做 allow/ advise doing sth. 允许做某事 allow/ advise sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事6. 不定式与动名词作宾语之比较 一些动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，这类动词有：agree, begin, choose, dare, decide, expect, forget, hate, hope, learn, like, love, need, offer, prefer, promise, refuse, remember, start, try, want, wish, would like等，常用的有would like, want, wish,expect, decide, plan, agree, refuse, learn,need。智康口诀：想要决定学习，需要同意计划，希望不要拒绝。想要（would like, want）决定（decide）学习（learn）需要（need）同意（agree）计划（plan）希望（wish, expect, hope）拒绝（refuse） 常用接动名词做宾语的动词：口诀：完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up）考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）初中常考单词：finish, practice, enjoy, mind, keep等 温馨提示：be busy doing, be worth doing 既可以接动名词作宾语，又可以接不定式作宾语的动词。.意思差别不大的动词如下：begin, start 等：在begin, start, hate, like, love, prefer 等动词后，用动名词或不定式作宾语，意思上几乎没有什么区别。智康口诀： 开始喜欢爱恨交织 （begin, start, prefer, like, dislike, love, hate）例：The teacher said, “You begin writing now,” and the children began to write.Will you start reading / to read?So you prefer living / to live abroad?有时，like 后接动名词时，表示经常性的爱好；后接不定式时，表示一次性的或独特的爱好。例：I like traveling and, especially, to travel with friends.He doesnt like reading, but he likes to read newspapers in bed.7. 常用不定式或动名词的句型 (1) Its time to do sth. = Its time for sth. “是做的时候了” Its time to have supper. = Its time for supper. 该吃晚饭了。 (2) Lets do sth. (3) It takes sb. some time ( money ) to do sth. “某人花费多少时间(金钱)做某事” It took me half an hour to do the problem. 我花了半小时做这个题目。 (4) be +形容词+enough + to do sth. “足够做某事” The girl is old enough to go to school. 那小姑娘已够上学年龄。 (5) be + too +形容词 + to do sth. “太不能做某事” The boy was too frightened to move. 那孩子太害怕，不敢动一动。 (6) be ready + to do sth. “乐意做某事” =be ready for sth. Lei Feng is always ready to help others. 雷锋总是乐于助人。 (7) Its + 形容词+(for/of sb. )+ to do sth. Its important for the twins to help each other. 孪生子互相帮助是很重要的。 (8) be afraid to do sth. “不敢做某事” =be afraid of doing sth. He is afraid to tell his father about it. 他不敢告诉他父亲。 (9) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 表示“宁愿也不愿” I prefer to stay at home rather than go out. 我宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。 (10) would like to do sth. 与would love to do sth.常用于口语中，表示 “喜欢” Id like to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 I would love to go. 我想去。 (11) had better +不带to的不定式表示“最好” Youd better put on your coat. Its very cold outside. 你最好穿上大衣。外面很冷。 Youd better not go.你最好不要去。 (12) Will/Could/Would you please+不带to的不定式，表示请求。 Will you please ask her to come to the teachers office? 请你叫她到老师办公室去一下好吗？ (13)Why not do sth.?(14) How about/ What about doing?例题精讲1.（2013中考）I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous.A. not to playB. to play notC. not playingD. not play2.（2012中考）He asked her_ the bag because it was too expensive.A. not to buyB. to buy notC. not buyingD. not buy3.（2011中考）May I have a rest? I have already finished _ the report.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. written4.（2011中考）-I feel a bit hungry now.-Why not _ for dinner with us?A. goB. did you goC. to goD. do you go5.（2010中考）The teacher told the students_ any food into the computer room.A. not to bringB. not bringC. dont bringD. bring not6.（2010中考）-We dont have much homework this weekend, shall we go out together?-OK. What about_ a movie?A. to seeB. seeingC. seeD. sees7.（2014荔湾一模）He asked her_ the bag because it was too expensive.A. not to buyB. to buy notC. not buyingD. not buy8.（2014铁一一模）It took my daughter two weeks _ the novels _ by Yang Hongying.A. read, writtenB. to read, writtenC. reading, to writeD. to read, wrote9.（2014十六中一模） I often see them _ football in the school sports field.A. practise playingB. practising playingC. practise to playD. practising to play10.（2014七中一模）Youd better _ to others in public. Its too embarrassing.A. dont force him to admit lyingB. not to force him admitting to lieC. not force him to admit lyingD. dont force him to admit to lie11.（2014七中一模）_ it is! I prefer staying here_ out!A. What bad weather, to goingB. What a bad weather, to goingC. What bad weather, to goD. What a bad weather, to go12.（2014育才实验一模）It is very hot here. Why not _ your coat?A. to take offB. put offC. take offD. put onKeys: AABAA BABAC AC课后作业一、单项选择（2014年华附月考）16.Mrs. Smith gave us _ on how _ the computer.A. an advice, to use B. some advice, to useC. advices, using D. pieces of advices, using17.May I speak to John?Sorry, he _ shanghai. But he _ in two days.A. has been to , will come back B. has gone to, will be backC. has been in, would come back D. has gone to, wont come back18.I am sorry, John. I _ your bike for such a long time.Never mind. You can still _ it a little longer if you like.A. have borrowed, keep B. have lent, keptC. have kept, keep D. have returned, kept19.The boy who came last month has made great progress in math._, and _.A. So has he, so have you B. So he has, so you haveC. So has he, so you have D. So he has, so have you20.There are several chemical factories _ waste water _ the stream.A. pour, on B. poured, to C. pours, in D. pouring, into21._ is the population of China ?It s _ population, about 1.3 billion.A. How much, a lot B. What, a largeC. How many, a big D. Which, a few22._ of the water we drink every day _ from the river.A. Four third, are B. Three fourths, are C. Three fourths, is D. Third four, is23.It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. SmithA. that B. how C. which D. when24.These old buildings possibly _ the Qing Period.A. are dated back to B. date fromC. are dated from D. date back25.How long are you staying in Guangzhou?I dont know._.A. Thats ok. B. Never mind C. it depends D. it doesnt matter26.What a pity! I havent got a ticket for the football match tonight.Dont worry. It will be broadcast _.A. live B. lively C. alive D. living27.The girl _ more than 10 English novels when she entered HSFZ.A. has read B. read C. had read D. has been reading28.Jenny seldom goes to the cinema on Sundays, _?A. doesnt she B. is she C. does she D. has she29.Hi! Jack, you look very tired.Yes, I _ my math homework all day.A. did B. had done C. have done D. have been doing30.He _ to get to the top of the hill after _ several times.A. managed, to try B. tried, to try C. managed, trying D. tried, trying31.Witness _ three people escape from the scene where the man was murdered.A. reported to see B. reported seeingC. were reported to see D. are reported to be seeing32.He devoted every spare moment to _ English, _ his wife was devoted to music.A. study, when B. study, though C. studying, if D. studying, while33.At this time next week we _ a football match against Class 9.A. are going to play B. will be playing C. will play D. are to play34The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother language.A. which B. that C. / D. it35.Look! There are lots of _birds flying over the trees.A. funny red little B. little funny redC. funny little red D. little red funnyKeys: 16-20 BBCDD 21-25 BCABC 26-30 ACCDC 31-35 ADBBC二、语法选择 When Jim was 12,his parents died. He was alone and it was difficult 36 him to get on well with others. People always laughed at him. He thought no one was kind to him. His only friend was a dog 37 Nicky. He gave his dog enough to eat and drink, but he didnt know that 38 something unfriendly sometimes could cut ones heart like a knife.One day 39 he walked down the street, he saw a young lady in front of him. Suddenly one of her bags dropped from her bags dropped from her arms. As she stopped to pick it up, she dropped 40_bags. He came to help her, “Thank you, dear! You are a nice little boy! ”She said kindly, smiling. A special feeling came to him. It was the first time that he had heard such kind words. He watched 41 lady until she went far away, and then he went to the river nearby with his dog. “Thank you ,dear! You are a nice little boy!” he 42 what the woman said. Then in a low voice he said to his dog, “You are a nice little dog!” Nicky raised its cars as if it understood.“Uhum! Even a dog likes it” he said.” Well, Nicky, I wont say unkind words to you any more.” Nicky waved its tail 43_. The boy thought and thought. Finally, he looked at 44 in the river. He saw a dirty boy. He washed his face carefully. Again he looked. He saw a clean nice boy 45 happy and excited he was! From then on, he had a new life.36.A. of B. for C. with D. at37A. called B. calling C. calls D. to call38.A. say B. saying C. said D. says39.A. where B. if C. when D. what40.A. another B. oth