必修三unit4语法讲解主语从句 Grammar.doc

Section Grammar 主语从句在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句，即为主语从句。一、主语从句的连接词1连接词that和whether(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但不可省略。That Whitney Houston died upset her fans all over the world.惠特尼休斯顿的离世令全世界的粉丝感到难过。(2) whether在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。即学即练111.完成句子她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。_ made us very happy.他被选为(be chosen as)志愿者(volunteer)让我们感到高兴。_ made us happy.我们明天是否举行派对取决于天气。_ depends on the weather.(湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.AwhyBHow Cwhether Dwhen2连接代词(who，whose，whom，what，which，whichever，whoever, whomever, whatever连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。Who will take his place is not important. 谁将代替他并不重要。Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 无论是谁只要违法就应该受到惩罚。3连接副词(when, where, how, why等)连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。When we will have a meeting is an important question点津 主语从句中连接词的选择标准：.根据连词在句子中所作的语法成分；.根据连接词在从句中的意义。21.用连接代词或连接副词填空并写出它们在从句中所作的语法成分What role he will play in the film hasnt been known._Why John was late for the class has been unexplained._Which part of the country he will travel to needs discussing._Where cars will be parked in the future is a question._What surprises me most is that he is too proud._Whoever is interested in the activity can sign your name._(北京高考)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.AThatBWhat CWho DWhich(上海高考)_ comes will be welcomed to the openair concert.AWhatever BWhoever CNo matter what DNo matter who二、主语从句中用it作形式主语的结构1It be形容词(obvious, true, natural, strange, etc.)主语从句Its obvious that they badly need help. 很明显，他们急需帮助。2It be名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, a/no surprise, etc.)主语从句Its a pity that you missed the film. 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。3It be过去分词(said, reported，thought，expected，proved, etc.)主语从句It is suggested that the meeting be put off. 有人建议会议延期召开。4It不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, etc.)主语从句It seems that it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨。5It 及物动词宾语主语从句It surprised him why they came to visit him suddenly.让他吃惊的是他们为什么突然都来看他。即学即练3 31.完成句子学生学好英语很重要。_a student (should) learn English well.我们队失掉了这场比赛真是意外。 _ our team lost the game.已经得到证实，你说的是对的。 _ what you said is right.碰巧那年收成不好。 _ the harvest was bad that year.似乎他丢了什么东西。 _he has lost something.32.句型转换That he suddenly fell ill last month surprised us._he_suddenly_fell_ill_last_month.Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided._yet_whether_they_will_sell_the_house.That the light travels in straight lines is known to us all._to_us_all_that_the_light_travels_in_straight_lines.(陕西高考)It remains to be seen _ the newly formed committees policy can be put into practice.AthatBWhich Cwhat Dwhether(江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.Awhether BWhere Cwhich Dthat(江苏高考)It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.Athat BHow Cwhen Dwhy三、主语从句中应注意的问题1从句要用陈述语序How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。2主谓一致(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。Where he will get a job after graduation has puzzled him much. 毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。点津what引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。What the school needs much are books. 这所学校最需要的是书。(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。即学即练4 单句改错When will we set off is still under discussion._What he needs much are money._When and where the meeting will be held have not been decided._What can we not get seems better than what we have._That the coal workers are still alive are a wonder._.用适当的连接词填空1It is a pity _ we cant go to see the movie on the weekend.2They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.3_has helped to save the people in difficulty is worth praising.4It doesnt interest me _you succeed or not.5_ Zhai Zhigang ate his food in space is _ we want to know.6_they will have the sports meeting is still a question, for they have so many things to do.7_ they will talk about the matter wont make too much difference. In fact, it is the attitude not the place that matters.8_he didnt come yesterday is unknown.9_ one is better will be decided by yourself.10_ will be our English teacher in the new term hasnt been decided yet.完成句子1_ (据报道) some people stole others money by ATM.2_ (她生了一个健康的男婴) made the family very happy.3_ (父母是否给他买一个新的MP3) depends on his exam results.4_ (那是谁的包) was not known at that time.5It remains a mystery_dinosaurs_suddenly_disappeared (为什么恐龙突然消失了).单项填空1_ the universe began with the “big bang” has been widely accepted. AWhetherBWhy CThat DWhat2_ he would like to offer his help or not makes no difference to me.AThat BWhat CWhether DIf3It has been proved _ having a balanced diet helps to keep healthy.Aif BBecause Cwhen Dthat4_ was not the way the event happened.AWhich the press reported BThat the press reportedCWhat did the press report DWhat the press reported5_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. AThere BThis CThat DIt6Mary looks down today.What is the matter?Well，_ happened between Mary and me is none of your business.Awherever BWhoever Cwhatever Dwhichever7_ their flight will arrive on time is _ they are concerned about. AWhether; what BWhether; that CWhen; what DHow; that8_ matters most in learning English is enough practice.AWhat BWhy CWhere DWhich9When and why he came here _ yet.Ais not known Bare not knownChas not known Dhave not been known10It is none of your business _ other people think about you.Believe yourself.Ahow BWhat Cwhy DWh