公开课虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法.ppt

如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子.我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不息我对你爱情的火整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。,thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气,theseshowyourgoodwishesordreams.itisevidentthattheyarenotrealortheycantcometrue(表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。),romantic,unrealistic,bestwishes,2019/12/17,unit1art,虚拟语气,subjunctivemood(i),英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。,陈述语气(theindicativemood):用来陈述一个事实，或提出一种看法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.haveyoueverbeentofrance?whatasplendidpalace!wehadmanytreesplantedlastyear.,祈使语气(theimperativemood),用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。,letshaveatalk.dontjumpinthequeue.openthedoor,please.,虚拟语气(thesubjunctivemood),定义：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设。ifiwereyou,iwouldgothere.iwishiwereabirdflyinginthesky.isuggestyoushouldfollowyourfathersadvice.,subjunctivemood,虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,ifiwereachild,iwouldbehappier.,ifhewereabird,hecouldflyinthebigbluesky.,ifihadalotofmoney,iwouldbuyavilla（别墅）.,1.ifiwereachild,iwouldbehappier.2.ifhewereabird,hecouldflyinthebigbluesky.3.ifihadalotofmoney,iwouldbuyavilla.,discover1,现在,were/did(动词过去式）.,would/coulddo(动词原形),practice1tellwhatthefollowingpeoplearethinking.,two-year-old:ifi_(can)talk,i_(tell)mymotherthatihatepeas.14year-old:i_(be)happierifi_(can)drive.16-year-old:ifi_(have)acar,myfriendsandi_(go)outeverynight.19-year-old:ifi_(have)alotofmoney,_(attend)aprivate(私立的)university.,could,wouldtell,wouldbe,could,wouldattend,had,had,couldgo,ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.,iftheyhadhadenoughrainlastyear,theywouldhavegainedgoodharvest.,ifhehaddrivenmorecarefullyyesterday,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccident.,1.ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.2.iftheyhadhadenoughrainlastyear,theywouldhavegainedgoodharvest.3.ifhehaddrivenmorecarefullyyesterday,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccident.,discover2,过去,haddone(动词过去分词）,would(not)havedone(动词过去分词）,practice2,1.i_(study)englishwheniwasachildifi_(know)theimportance(重要性)ofit.2.ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.ifshe_(come),she_(meet)mybrother.3.missjiangexplainedthehomeworktotheclassyesterday.ifjudy_(pay)moreattentionatthetime,he_(notmiss)herinstructions(介绍).,wouldhavestudied,hadknown,hadcome,wouldhavemet,hadpaid,wouldnothavemissed,ifitwere/shouldbefinetomorrow,iwouldgotoseehim.,ifishouldvisit/weretovisit/visitedtheschoolnexttime,iwouldgotothelibrary.,iftheyshouldplay/weretoplay/playedbetternexttime,theywouldnotfailagain.,1.ifitshouldbe/werefinetomorrow,iwouldgotoseehim.2.ifishouldvisit/weretovisit/visitedtheschoolnexttime,iwouldgotothelibrary.3.iftheyshouldplay/weretoplay/playedbetternexttime,theywouldnotfailagain.,discover3,未来,would(not)do,were/shouldbe/shoulddo/weretodo/did,practice3,1.ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(notgo)out.2.idontlikeexams.ifthere_(be)noexamtomorrow,i_(see)amovie.3.easondoesntthinkhewilleverwinasingingcompetition（比赛）.if,bychance,he_(win),he_(spend)theprizemoneyonacomputer.,shouldrain/weretorain/rained,wouldnotgo,wouldsee,wouldspend,were/shouldbe,weretowin/shouldwin/won,conclusion虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,助动词be用were实义动词do用did,wouldshould+dosthcouldmight,haddone,did/wereshoulddoweretodo,wouldshould+dosthcouldmight,wouldshould+havedonesthcouldmight,注意点1:省略if的条件句有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主语”。如1.ifiwereaboy,iwouldjointhearmy.2.ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.3.ifitwerenotfortheexpense,iwouldgotobritain.,wereiaboy,iwouldjointhearmy.,hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.,wereitnotfortheexpense,iwouldgotobritain.,注:ifitwerenot/hadnotbeenfor也是常见的虚拟句型,意思是“要不是”例如:ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuchinourwork.ifitwerenotforthewisedecision,wecouldnotbelivingahappylife.,注意点2:时间错综条件句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。ifyouhadfollowedmyadviceyesterday,youwouldbebetternow.hemightbepraisednow,ifhehadmaderapidprogress.,注意点3:with,without,butfor,but,or,otherwise等形式的含蓄条件句。在虚拟语气中，有的句子可能没有明显的由“if”引导的条件从句，但是句子中隐含着一个条件，这种句子称为含蓄条件句withoutair(iftherewerenoair)，therewouldbenolivingthings.如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。but_foryourhelp(ifithadntbeenforyourhelp)icouldnthavedoneit.要不是你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。,1.withoutsunlight,peopleslifedifferentfromtoday.2.butfortherainwe_(有)apleasantjourneytoday.3.heisnotacarefuldriver;otherwisehe(不会撞)_thetreeyesterday.,wouldbe,shouldhave,wouldnthavehit,注意点4:ifonly要是就好了(假设)ifonlyiknewhisname!ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!ifonlyicouldseehimagain!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！,ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!,ifonlyihadntmissedthetrain!,ifthegod_(give)meanotherchance，i_(tell)thegirlthreewords:iloveher!ifourlove_(haveto)besetatimelimit,iwishit_(be)10