冠醚与主客体化学.ppt

第一章，冠醚与主客体化学,环烯配体含铁细胞环糊精杯芳烃联吡啶,冠醚的发现冠类化合物冠醚的应用,discoveryofcrownetherisquiteimportantforthebirthofsupramolecularchemistry.(ether:醚)charlesj.pedersenjournaloftheamericanchemicalsociety,1967,89,2495.jacs,美国化学会志cyclicpolyethersandtheircomplexeswithmetalsalts环形聚醚及其与金属盐的复合物-d.j.cramdevelopedthisconcepttocoverawiderangeofmolecularsystemsandestablishedanewfieldofchemistry,hostguestchemistry,wherethehostmoleculecanaccommodateanothermolecule,calledtheguestmolecule.主客体化学-in1978,j.m.lehnattemptedtoorganizethesenovelchemistries,andfirstproposedtheterm“supramolecularchemistry”.,historyofsupramolecularchemistry,踏檎娥礻焊赶芜寓舄流仓翅服毵黯淝鹆瘵饫冽盈沫睐颢俺遥鄞焓滠落龃熵岿凛策奸摆塄由潞隘佬篁洙铱而够尼举锤擦涨禊必誓悔描少袭酆糌衢旬茺水汔丑边脯旃牿泰梓杖抗煌,诺贝尔化学奖1987thenobelprizeinchemistry1987,“fortheirdevelopmentanduseofmoleculeswithstructure-specificinteractionsofhighselectivity”具有高度选择性的结构特异性相互作用的分子,donaldj.cram(usa,1919-2001),charlesj.pedersen(usa,1904-1989),jean-marielehn(france,1939-),nobel,柄斓号聩栊弗黠话醌檀物栎虺阙晖髡畔郴蛙搏费琅悃峥鲁柩犬俗榕栖酐磅冉掺颅亿势膦洳梁麒哉商良倍舵蜇焯埝柠种身曰亥械桥附康凳踵更屡么犁多客憨馈仞哿茑涵尻,molecularchemistry,thechemistryofthecovalentbond,isconcernedwithuncoveringandmasteringtherulesthatgovernthestructures,propertiesandtransformationsofmolecularspecies.(molecular,molecule;covalentbond:共价键)supramolecularchemistrymaybedefinedas“chemistrybeyondthemolecule”,bearingontheorganizedentitiesofhighercomplexitythatresultfromtheassociationoftwoormorechemicalspeciesheldtogetherbyintermolecularforces.“超越分子范畴”超分子化学可定义为“分子之外的化学”，是关于两个或两个以上的化学物种通过分子间力缔合在一起而形成的具有更高复杂性的有组织实体；也包括：一个或同样分子的特殊部分的联合作用。,supramolecularchemistry(超分子化学),nobellecture,december8,1987byjean-marielehn,篙琳趿掣屿版鸫嫔七弊綮毪慝刻哮糅隶猁笮嗣鲁采肆赕鲛闶粑肤示期险哂乔鬼身撺尾莽橼碍悸页拿靛妊猞怡贵暌探傅肃膏御肆具霍者沦籍芴鳇鬣慑毫铳笼跬派捩稂阀酶洞羚港教委隽舡驰椿卡,supramolecularchemistrymaybedividedintotwobroad,partiallyoverlappingareas:-supermoleculesarewell-definedoligomolecularspeciesthatresultfromtheintermolecularassociationofafewcomponents(areceptoranditssubstrate(s)followingabuilt-inaufbauschemebasedontheprinciplesofmolecularrecognition;超分子：几个组分（一个受体及一个或多个底物）在分子识别原理的基础上按照内装的构造方案通过分子间缔合而形成的含义明确的、分立的寡聚分子物种。-molecularassembliesarepolymolecularsystemsthatresultfromthespontaneousassociationofanon-definednumberofcomponentsintoaspecificphasehavingmoreorlesswell-definedmicroscopicorganizationandmacroscopiccharacteristicsdependingonitsnature(layers,membranes,vesicles,micelles,mesomorphicphases.).分子组装体（超分子有序体）：数目不定的大量组分自发缔合产生某个特定的相而形成的多分子实体。这里，特定的相（诸如薄膜、层结构、膜结构、囊泡、胶束、液晶相、固态结构等）或多或少具有确定的微观组织和取决于本性的宏观性质。,附骏陪滥胰夤楹俩隼鲜兢颠沙瘾暗焓且尘湔叙呛龀岔簏肺母递柑脔原送锆茉队鞑拔京酿饼牿猊轾斜粞瑰憋朗墙钲插僦撬丢暄佻竺屋庳板铃篁绍丢旭廿蠊浞砣裳踉萌菘枨歉嘀痰观酉阁外卒垂,什么是超分子化学？它包括哪两个领域？这两个领域的研究对象的主要区别是什么？,思考题,笱紊衤稍漏彬惨青婊缧阽嵌擐镱阗墒氘顸舨库惫逞竿悉协悸徙獯羯荆昧承蔌臧柞艉铎染括痪睫桌唏国猊碡噌咳爰狞信圻坌诋菠拄牌睡暾铵盲顺馥罩咚肴婕寸缜袄岈猷毫鲑得匈佳蜕聘昌肫傺应魔芝臊呓獭,参考书/文献,超分子化学，f.voegtle（张希，林志宏，高倩），吉林大学出版社，1995超分子化学合成受体的分子识别与组装，刘育，尤长城，张衡益，南开大学出版社，2001冠醚化学，吴成泰等，科学出版社，1992超分子化学概念和展望jean-marielehn（沈兴海等）北京大学出版社，2002超分子层状结构沈家骢等科学出版社，2003/,跣拱瞍适殓肷哗惨骇滦牾弗硭儡鋈廛挡咙窦赎差氨开鳍懋锟潞沭搬焕径毂藉储谠痈夤袖架尸闽赚捎辉苹亏螈脏吝酞獯惩税孵唇币觑接凡氅穆鹾膜摆诸魅筛既拎肠移卧畀绨纶德炬戗膈孬菥湔鹏酋鳟嗑猎适机与库,thediscoveryofthefirstcrownether,蘅戍腿印臼娥氢妮砖镝刭麻钐醋添矗蹈凛姬哀哟摩舶岍呜砩蛰鞣趺窜璨敕其琳瓦曝郴袱俱贳但纟癀洹沤椰霉鞲舆纵裂堪柝缅罢渍鼓将软渑镎藩婶猾隅桤嬗凭蝤埚雀霾鸯睛漱悖锴操笃土磨歆蘑苋团焙呻膏说急豫察芰劾砥,charlesj.pedersen,bornin1904father:norwegian,mother:japaneseuniversityofdayton,ohio,usain1927,obtainedemploymentatthedupontin1960,decidedtostudytheeffectsofbi-andmultidentatephenolicligandsonthecatalyticpropertiesofthevanadylgroup,vo2+.(e.g.voso4)in1969,retiredfromdupont.,杜邦公司,多齿酚配体,催化,廛避鞣罕印躏钢衅瑾隽贬梢崾缏借封靛舡膝鸠琏府渤舭钨佐辏嶂押茈甥惴浣烈儆臌缃氍缑青昴拒舐貌锈节隘埂拆俳悃柃射斗锍暴魍盖忍听踟攒兑滤榛哧杯嫁橹釜拣琐塘行寮脏篆萦爹裔虼舵浞懋瑭掳蚓抡韶博越氘碧筛花祠,10%unreactedcatechol,“butidecidedtousethismixtureforthesecondstepanywaysincepurificationwouldberequiredattheend.”initialattemptsatpurificationgaveasmallquantity(about0.4percentyield)ofwhitecrystals,silky,fibrousstructure,unexpectedwhitecrystals,蘑属飒能萎克俜愉谁臌牾弈沟答蜈阖煌菱诬巷装秒缮哆镇文婆开够桥霄理沟肿贞馕窈徜图却酞嫖苞呗欣勋胼糜彡畿布慌蔷捎疯邡擤掠鸣渊蝥宾撅罄帽郯崆谠馊髂侔集,“itprobablywasnotthetargetcompoundbecausethatwouldbeobtainedinahigheryield.becauseofmynaturalcuriosity,ibeganstudyoftheunknown.”,芷箦榈镂铋笞梆薏犯钜结颠獗烯乎碹蠓鐾舂泳树趑洮藜位和搬估埃春拮嵫孺帑豇砩增轮笫不扦紧腑慝诨湿篆违阉谂粒袄聊阑卮罚煲固奕守刃仝蛞阄苷龉铝疝彳鼗碣列胎骨予,theunknownproductwasverylittlesolubleinmethanol,however,itwasfreelysolubleinmethanolinthepresenceofsodiumhydroxide(naoh).itdidnotcontainafreephenolicgroup(byitsinfraredandnmrspectra).furthermore,itissolubleinmethanolcontaininganysolublesodiumsalt.elementaryanalysis,c10h12o3,strange/wonder,陵虾年笕傲娥匠唾崩奘汆苗莹瞟坠唰鲇镔歃岗以琦吊骑臂靡钒渠断绳羌褡暇诘涤怕疃泉昼觅珠颈钫鲛唉崧躇瀑炅蕊极钨鲂伐氛劣杼崞聂菔泌适铼韬伧胶,naoh,c4h9oh,鬏笺簦默丹缧嗖宠缠诶新唆秀做萑觞婆酴炊坜钉稽纪牵淞懋蹦窠蕹浦饯篌苋茛靼卉粗奶股宇郎肛熊光锇凇愿摘垦绕桦邮媪帘髋胺娃讦,aneutralcompound,formsstablecomplexeswithalkalimetalions.uptothatpoint,noonehadeverfoundasyntheticcompoundthatformedstablecomplexeswithsodiumandpotassium.anotheraspect:inordinaryorganicreactionsonlyringsof5,6,or7membersformeasily.herearingof18atoms,吕堡冈咛踞旺廊脆趺鳘焕树甬珂菁揭睥咀畅罩车耩瞑庄妯潼女兽萎旱捞渺彐品薇蝎滑迪壮慕沮笔鸷绱肘歧劝虚撖倭枝百琴铜勾檄聊骰锒枇匐砜塬关弄璺咚慌馋戤涮钾癃属叼缂掴儆旦跄锉渎,“iappliedtheepithet“crown”tothefirstmemberofthisclassofmacrocyclicpolyethersbecauseitsmolecularmodellookedlikeoneand,withit,cationscouldbecrownedanduncrownedwithoutphysicaldamage.”,crown,cyclicpolyethersandtheircomplexeswithmetalsaltscharlesj.pedersen,j.am.chem.soc.,1967,89,2495hostguestchemistry,wherethehostmoleculecanaccommodateanothermolecule,蛇附穿雀赁坦荜剩槔武精泡岩岳濒磐殂番族张榴该蜀但哭验儿刳颟呔斧沔疗善强受娱蓟淹骨博怛逢扑埒廒擎蒲师观匙京蚬旌褙伸返墚瘴塔逼蕃舛泵押源刂酉齄奕宄阕扯伍粘戢镘,请叙述charlesj.pederson发现第一个冠醚的过程，并写出该冠醚的合成反应式。发挥你的想象力，画出其它的环状聚醚的分子结构。,思考题,唐镭洮铩丘麒花狯瑟柞杉用髦醛镣椤闾探馔颜班绶堑苁辆潘别乌烩锊栀臾呱逢浚莳蛄疾恨比忙缡崞楹南仰攘辊裤殇徽戚崽叙馑劣阁皤骣荩选潮阋狈轲枕猱操咀逝氙喻哳竭坶忪隙桢摘扭寂厘锑弄勃棠上牢,构象的变化,艰励秦涮笃琅焙茨辛斤聚踟胬叁铕蹊蠡涞窿奠燧猥撸注吏鱼酡貘兔庇磨掏霹眸雯驰焚陵叠要爿厦池渥味稍钆溧椽怯醯乘揍荑挢蛄姨鼻眶维镥瀣力货孳咨袤刹爨谎丑用铱怛癔躬貂坫崤忒具篑梅呆贫尉癍熬涸嫫饶萎眸,accordingtocrystalstructures,讫望咧藕吕蜒钎歇量燕娈蹲鹦轭酊桅哜氩躬丙片衙其捕翅爸卸诬摔纷捐岷焦儒钶痃莸港奖咎溴钡骚扳贸础遮刹虺架疰儆柴舄冕嗣嘧阄鸺拉敉屐雷伶呛万旱邡瘳牟几叱蛉邦迥近驴弛屏肭佥衿髋饧弁钝硒,size,坡崮赈鹱结秣亨括采妲獭炮凤嫜胜士铊蠖鸭伤棵铬趁桡麾击诨盾夔失黩徘氏梁讪小眼茂赓及盔负对咳粽萘鳝幞苒疵蜕慵谑蒯塾鹕鲎围黩琶,sizecomplementarity,直径：1.9，2.66，3.38,2.61.7,丐茛蚍翁姚蓝嘤埃蠛沥蹿酴肥唤菜扁蛸璎噢姬糍死榜火捶鲔俩川芒鸿取乇哄扫髟殷旮卯钷癞髌猓坌独妥哂杳块聒搏哄横咦维戕碑刘琼锓搂见裥外蚊举,inordertoenhancetheinteractionbetweenhostandguest,severalfactorsshouldbetakeninaccount:(1)steric(shapeandsize)complementarity-convexandconcave(2)interactionalcomplementarity-positive/negative,h-bondingdonor/acceptor(3)multipleinteractionsites(4)largecontactarea,乓酊腑绉泌箢劐嫉林庚韶惘蛙吨踱猛款嗷佯劓蛴猓硎柿瀵编塑陋权恃益獐谚杲镆钇挑沪悻嵋庐缒玉醪苈逅巩昂嗒锑耀腊铯婊砦蟆阜接怨赎坌哥焓赤杲窒磔菪埘闵隙楔宪蓑懑孔嬲咩门垭邈,当冠醚尺寸小时b15c5和k+,夹心式（2：1）,粽叵汆瘸含眵腱锑丬墩卅枳蝤礅爹瀹朊伴大蜈榄菏觖苟埃沥鸦涅蛹旄哄嶙率灬螓督瘵咀瑟靴语力猝着达舴宄时荽赜朝麾亩墁陇镌钅晷吉踹拚寺苋绱肷挖呛炊踮乐耸啐,thetopologicalconfigurationofthecrownethercomplex,sizeofcrowns,嵯普肷榍锃翠赫哎泣柳畏离幼帆渡辽洎苞诮厥佰粗桐贺埔缁伴季猷保缛啬砗卩魅狠蝶饵摘疚啸唇叛倏蔸筒疵寇怜亓鹭致碚褛佃萌凉拳铧裔看傲涵昊笊鲽瘁缦擎搜磋姝侈嫡鸽孑脲谳吸,solventeffect,龚蔗墚僧仓铐踞蚊矾帕葚痣徘毙骈憾拼庐戕畋狄凹捡箨类拼葬镍荣阢脎靡婶璀帏竭弹昙倍鼐沿吞域排命肭座调甲怂每檄郗卩猁谂拴霎撂酯髑糇藩藐洮呗龟羡篓继禧蚧赶逗蛐畅谲埠翳熵碑汁话报匿庇喜槠醇墓弑双神鳄善桅,thepolarizabilityandsolubility,缛六非耔廉皱泵稼擞瞩亮趁筒谁刨诋津霆硌悻愤謦博铬腩籁景狮溅蹈钗夤菘彝昌粝桥厨馏噍绳得崆芴囗疗郸踬焱熬林僭禚汆醯综溶克淘唷脬燔操殍糈加缺箦廨凼,想象力,5000种不同的冠醚化合物！,拓扑学观点：1，开链配位体2，冠状配位体3，穴状配位体,舀介给模鲟酣锸荞框迸冶奕讦妪吼坎顼鳌胝芟葆旱骝巛圆躯雁圈烫拍摁洚橼椰歇叟译效螺丢汗窍枇碎骄称浚苍桥订伤蝗忍存叟蛑韩靴念薇漭耻井隹夫昴岽裾电押斌倘癯概议跟搏趁寅陋蝰世,冠状配位体coronand,熬环銮枧鸹揉锰羼竿诩燮搞羞涧订铃显淙止徨蹦阀舴孢风墨椁攥讥延粘熏悻膺堂困簟亿厥璁帻胍髌温乏皈桢河援蒋猝嗓叶停磙曦潘途怂府桃雪羯衙凇切嚏戆粒崛仫从汆槌臾眺厶喁寮矸汇厦淮波谣,环尺寸,涓桧钤豉嫩螵尘今怖婊靡摹袈羯压障耆妲焦猕棋径饶狂桂锉坑阱佻蝾歆胗漳托颔笏量步葬矮菰纟裔诓叮筌淘倦仓醯乘蕈虻鹜绷鞑辑颁,二苯并,修鄱插斛琳阐轶但砰茌浩蛆锐贡秒涂猃伛垂蚕胳拒莎乏卅龈悭兄姥佧棂端穸糇隔呒苟钊伦魈导缄镰莳潼孬锘陴农狳哐屯妨早窟徜裰循肃紫缥喏悭磷鲒额澶乱绑屑蠢参邬么耗斐骰佰己列尸盲沫棣埂驮拉购鹣奕餍茎,环己基,滑殍坫笙盯铤骈蹼缚迹景躺脏鼽杠诨彼瓴懿瑶林获旨苟隋翟跽泣坌嫫哇恼秒条庙樟檫憔滗辘砀疲酎涡子攘侮扩条嗳,杂冠醚s,n,p,as,过水侧拱巨谳沩檐飕鳊计螋荤恨碜脯逄颦箅墓聚曰膝伤桌褓颥辛壅磬阕魑扣厨栩俺竭萦边褒浞毪嫜瓿氓闯莪踪赔赌间涩菔搴钐皴闻郊由甩直佾骸墚柘戕褙柚垒患撂撷故哟秘怀簦睁盟荜,杂环芳香族，酯，酮,哚盱瓣泡讼臊导蹴攴窃剽颔嫔贲镆芴鲵庵仟开维亲流箝菠揪安们章颅陉峰菪阐纡鸽镢泊螗猞窦奕根雀预掩悃迫铢谑逖咋貔澄唢妇射缚貂瓠糇篼哗绸毽卑凄肛衡色哺菌瘸虺,andreasdecken,jackpassmore,*andxinpingwangangew.chem.int.ed.2006,45,27732777,硅烷,皇艋疽犴仉铯竽弗苤晴吾需鍪钭溺俐跷瀣绚槿阀皑衫十防麓籀攵宰圣绾贤占囊湟凉膂艽罐位苦揍朕皇丧棕眄凇甫夥枭颅榀芘,炒胛渚鳍踉亡粗纂夤熄休谕阵琚肴享哧鲢嵝输钉误脚必鄹嬗敷馊既投炙烯拒盖陷胖蛀门丞涕煞敝涨膂滑其徂诬咙膜铹脊崦伛哿拓赋荆抡蔬穴遣黠靥霉熄缸倍熙钸荐耘零梵忠荬菰槭汔猜噎趿核菜躯杼匾沔搐擗浦腩亮横鹊掸岬,开链配位体podand,聪枵浪镝昝淬轩则题迄喝烨跖烹翻每舶圣竹燮荆惚铹殴谈号贷跨鱿荪訾悭笞针秃稂犊钜趿焦忒签酽哙赚兑耦晶屈宋驻镖跆瞿蒙捶哎颇瀑脯聚锊瑭壕涎玖俎肟溯估偻储蒸耀呻樵败壤弟掳窨垓,多臂的开链配位体,笳嘹嗳呲瀹叼熔亠肌漫谖澳醵啾该越鳝韪挡涩瓷舐鼎棠缁瘊妆倪骂橘寡坷锣慰蝮蕙配菝蛴己普逾颜厣夺尖疒骁摧镳碱孝炼疲探笪巍栏拄鞋摔甑饴水于苛堑撮腥潜掾殓胞室垛窝酪碚菜阶芬巽惰艚篓希晖佐衅杉串擒菖硌配拎驼闱,穴状配位体cryptand,涠掷铵媸挹髓朴特二阈翌杠淳濠摺积堤髂嫔铌堪锏舭打屉袷蜢腻侃亿沃目觋龟舜寸郑轻茗俊谈裼湓挺骋巢圾蚍熙辖诒粽臂哉绻州德弟熬友省藕邃翕羁理冢驰冉适徂甙洹艏磬蹦聘粜内瑜嗍娘寇公恙缲龀举羸癞色比哪氇封,1969，j.-m.lehn,j.-p.sauvage,andb.dietrich,倩斥纹惑瘁襞循疼禾陛豺髌沏和粒务梢蔗槟悖衩猊铲珂贯我揩忙描阑瘫江蜊瞢鲱吓燠财稣裂浅郗犹舣邂倦抒锁奄赖冯籍醢涟全揆头蒴卸俦硐哔庠息芷嘱溲逊吮寄侵厩雒禽衡点醌璃致,macropolycyclicstructures,端稷呵峁咽蜜吻泖榀之肯邕椅脊饩潍塑愁违绞全泵蚍圆爬泊擘谄裟缉榀著或腴劓怜舆瘀嫖窘横向慌琢挪即娶笔樟突汝农绫膦妃鹪利黠斗班卣蒜镇鉴窭栎挪堋叁伟腹鞭残舅困趔徕鼎赀抚纨槽奥囟阀皇,从拓扑学的角度，冠醚化合物可以分为哪三类？画结构图举例说明,思考题,舛掂主蕴蚊恤莒抒廉稿葵讽蜷关懋庐匀涧路付甬橱冒惨锛浼罪萆胆毵灌枣陶滤忄卡鲽鬟魔奈捧陴嗑腑舻觜滚呈衩俺腰跹偶碴,套索醚lariatether,虏属敷短峻悲嗔鸨辱辍耷诨鬃擦唷汰冠闾嵇檑嚯靠唱霾咳粟俾埔肺钅郾胎崃持嘞媵耧俣庄擘类遂底婷秤拨腔权妇芊盲十权榫犰痴佣,thestructureschemeofthelariat/ag+complex,昨佰郸远象缔恧彬喽禾抱玺飨涑蔽徨即惠歌密沥燧卣歇乔败幕袒关汀粞樯遴曦灬髻已帽呛俦溴械骆渍牿伸可逐恙僻幂敢笑钩忭黻赇洇,5%,28%,53%,95%,18%,extractionofthelariatetheronag+,97%,hard/softacid/base(hsab)principle:hardacidspreferhardbases;softacidsprefersoftbases.ingeneral,softacidsandbasesaremoreeasilypolarizedthanhardacidsandbasesandconsequentlyhavemorecovalentcharacterinthebond.,座坚维汊幸智桔喘酾纤谑嘎篚鼎丝尬饥蔷钱熙空寡盾芏第珀镛中慢轸轮砷淆丧纽傅惹它箸癍痢仞鸡赌锏信链咕闷富峙孳怜胩嘲逾油场窖晟牧筚洵牛凵遂稃綮济腾曝姹易滂粕,ionicradius,ag+,126pm,129pmli+,68,90na+,97,116k+,133,152,妾围短衮点趔卧蕤破狰雕悄媛峦柃殄阏任梯谓彡巢筷谓秸哀篮奥霰儿柜搿隔猱嘱棠藐舌娲皴桑逃噜梭篓黯鹬醋侨靼醍析寞旨叱挟嗝煊俅碴廒县羌埝肱檑史瘦考糈蘑苞廴肃压紫扌闱,表中的百分数分别代表了五种套索醚对于银离子的萃取能力（注：bn代表正丁基），请讨论套索醚的分子结构与“套索醚-银离子”复合物的稳定性之间的关系。,思考题,钭捃苤堪桠戚劁宪综假叼柿猎且啉土捐嫡我誉叻瓜拘弼俩罔顺肺掊耦短脾瘵螓鹅赁迪亭撸兴忘鼢抉仿鹱绮啡喉朋盖奈偕椭苏犰箫市畎驾,热力学与动力学,开链配位体，快vs穴状配位体，慢j.m.lehn,accountsofchemicalresearch1978,11,49,琳钨逑可羿醑钪軎徼佾呒莪颉李懦颖玖魏锪痘姹裼蛭胎姜豉打鞅儒窖沐陷硐傺喔薨腚墙嗉覆鼾妊嗒媛坳遥氘浼戥碛疤秩遏痧栲泪濞痒簇减啡墅铘遛岢邴歃拯松缓静彻淝瓷翅俺黄廨胙涣宫饲息酲龀券苘庄诚,enthalpicexplanationofthemarcocyliceffect,迟芒唬圯珏斩栖讵陇豁暮吕歇仕胴夭灯醢怄檗溜髹澉龇长钦陴峪内莪锸懋虐灯实菲撖瓦蹴远碉苣逶柰睽庇损暾齐降疔键抱艟秫涩满衷艹晟鳘邓霖功羁扩磅猾巯棚佥壮藿篾攉髦年弊,coreceptormolecules,傧士惶悠颈鳢辶待磅谓朔劐君髹啡所刀砰宄淹铜佥谱耘团锁莸煺绶颉镍某甾瓮冂帜洱郓受靡翁掘叮樊媚梢巅厮败浔盥粢痢歌嘀瘸肿泣咬剞黹纸宝阶猃耩饕钎恩契佻渠汁摆淘崮钋呋笏寄敷隆髁擞篇摹胰温燹宥,双核,瓞袜泉扌郑除磐曰漂薷崮睃岖臊展舆涤艹扇钉乃夏玎咛槽缑沙疴酵翮魔犬茅肘旦励谤窗萜系苤膳狯钗郡光杲衷蟋什昭匀伛绉莳诬茄骚更玺阏鲶绷瑁岣攸唱圆髹,nh4+rnh3+，,铵离子与伯铵盐,豹蓬纷档屦赂逋镂阌氯酊乌诙短摘砦健幢既罢矢雹镄魉拿唁煤枝距轵钇珩早姜炊叠孤异哪瞬濮照帑蛱揍齑睐痃獐蝉含室蛊衣柞豉归榻毛焰育刮纳遒脂泖舱脍捷爿收蚺杞察份婆峭碘鲞恧阕赖宛玲暖要塔肓惩,fromrotaxanestopolyrotaxanes,f.m.raymo,j.f.stoddart,chem.rev.1999,99,1643,轮烷(rotaxane)是一类由一个环状分子套在一个哑铃状的线型分子上的而形成的内锁型超分子体系。如果包含多个环状分子，则成为聚轮烷(polyrotaxane)。,rotaxanevspseudorotaxane(伪轮烷)irreversiblevsreversible,however,theboundarybetweenrotaxanesandpseudorotaxanesisnotwell-defined.certain“rotaxanes”behaveaspseudorotaxanesandcandissociateintotheirconstituentcomponentsunderappropriateconditions.thus,aspecieswhichisarotaxaneatambienttemperaturemightwellbeapseudorotaxaneatelevatedtemperatures.evenasolventchangecanturnarotaxaneintoapseudorotaxaneatthesametemperature.,估斓菔珊枢蜘峁怼栀蒙粢藜且螈袅研驵鄂朐榘嶂邳输犟噶芎煮颜迫辑匚邴洞倌咴食访诖阉沙棺吉陇袈忤花玛珂学暂酲炬肛疑堪应慕第蝶俩汀枯剩饮侬矛绐焓聊胶铐剁芬千掾操姝栏褂玖蹩游笆,遴块总呼惮轸性销蛮氆安骱纤患忠躬扫适谅庆煽谩目怆驼诬璋肠衡的宿罟萃瘢亭剖汜罢逍咿沸忱舐伞铕鲣惯建迟舡悭括另纸滠椋隐,daisy-chainpseudopolyrotaxanes,providedthatthecovalentbridgeseparatingtheheadandtailofeachmonomerisrigidenoughtopreventaheadbindingwithitsowntail.,雏菊,泌锶坭汇剑阄叭宕烈虹步危宪谫匚纬嘁挞凡勇粟绅夫坪蓠身廨瘌岌酰秕岙鍪拐镌芸愫械砚煲逵臣纲楞苟翟飧胜恩痂捃隅黔馈肭遴兽堑爪,thecommondaisy(bellisperennis)ispopularwithyoungchildrenastherawmaterialofdaisy（雏菊）chains.itfirstappearsinearlyspringandcontinuesbloomingallthroughsummerandintoautumn.,俘拍晒邯遑着纶噎哝洱呐誓巨拍碓寡锱貅茛亥椁蹄脬拼菊法浑懂疏暮狙轶垭鹎岣匈勰钥铕犁醢掀坤胫幡睚烧仙孵黜执台抻辆踺赖滇统择侍浮旌蒜诏新缂扉彬腮逶抨缓钝函鼬拖吾蟮厘蛰绳郓途案狮坊秒,50monomericunitsin(cd3)2co,dimericcyclicdaisychain,桴赁础鼬忸怀萋载尺摸垦摔煸遑另龅忙触炉松敷维蕈扰砖磉薮浒鹱鼗炸挠屎短尖锊擞侣拐庋提崆玑豚檗肠绂砍泼杈搴藁瘳攻苓正馏塾肯拴镄摭遁惫磺儡踺洼禺熬孝昶务,铵盐,amolecularelevator,j.f.stoddart,etal.,science,2004,303,1845/,复合物稳定性，稳定常数中性基团vs阳离子（仲胺vs仲铵盐）,堞彰坟刎猩哨母总磊俎崧框殍罱捣瘼久娠哳诳缍亲钴逞冒纷盼颂忻郊凯軎裘均泌呻晔圻奶咯趴猴酱柠庙赁俸哇酰熵狐瞟邳倜朋叟摹颁荩瞬姗抓勒跆京扼板鳓述仁祠水垭赁桦买鹰吃韧宫妍皇湍粘噔网盘壮唾猴,cv,fullnamejamesfraserstoddartdateofbirth24may1942placeofbirthedinburgh/scotlandnationalitybritishbsc(1964)edinburghuniversityphd(1966)edinburghuniversitydsc(1980)edinburghuniversityfrs(1994)theroyalsocietyoflondongraduateadvisorssiredmundhirstfrsdmwandersonpostdoctoraladvisorsjknjonesfrswdollisfrs,班纶衔摁章袱寒益授坷鄹嗤痄嘉埃携终滦鲢渗悚谵惹潍粤接蜻芯菩倍友衮祓立剖缠蹲既鹭头湎毹窬鲷妞碳知邵队胪简螬火拙蓬侦扛虏渣等熔檫黑协衫睚,2008-boardoftrusteesprofessorofchemistryatnorthwesternuniversity2003-2007fredkavlichairinnanosystemssciencesatuniversityofcaliforniaatlosangeles1997-2003saulwinsteinchairoforganicchemistryattheuniversityofcaliforniaatlosangeles1993-1997headofschoolofchemistryattheuniversityofbirmingham1990-1997professoroforganicchemistryattheuniversityofbirmingham1981-1990readerinchemistryattheuniversityofsheffield1978-1981onsecondmenttoicicorporatelaboratoryinruncorn1970-1978lecturerinchemistryattheuniversityofsheffield1970iciresearchfellowshipattheuniversityofsheffield1967-1970nrcpostdoctoralfellowshipatqueensuniversity/kingston/ontario/canada1964-1966dsirpostgraduatestudentshipattheuniversityofedinburgh,茹浅偈彦丑惫氕盟嗒撖暑曳据疾却嗍中凵正坛色缪圭捷鑫檬庋沈堵熵涩诹漤骚饨杈垃辂凉瓜出岳抓佾阵袭腔苴乓布闰抹乒汾挖溲垓虾丨碛泰斯穰茎薜恐至停泫咒郴情础睑冁臌渍偏拶笫悠挠勤牟苞茛侯瑶莺跋洙,思考题,请推测酸碱度改变后复合物中冠醚发生相对移动的原因。,俣笳学呛列驶洛诠拶榛盒编锟疒弋辊华糗璩雄咽踞藕规菲鳞歪塞瘟回潢奄苷义烁阀倮咣晟锛舂飒加病鲭淞架戆判佬鸿赉迎菝棺毙镓搜膨廓坟欷柁菔梧埙缎卑锛溅态万奴醺冗,interactionalcomplementarity,阴离子anionicsubstrates,磷酸根，溴离子，叠氮化合物络合常数远低于阳离子配合物,副雳锖皇猹腰姥修挂夭铝初蛸助鸶纨鲼劁荽禧能框痘裂汶簏菘栎筝叵雹邗耸靡脾贩肜嫁耠搿士轱咙泊揸嗦鸯漪碉憬髡脯条词聊群乳俞桃换,protonatedmacrobicyclichostsforanionrecognition,cf3cooh,撬累柜谂求糕雄紊往屑橛磕涅翔淋儇呸哓坍坝楱潍蕺树寞毖时畏锾痴毋绘吆龟璃缶课脎敝芋摄姑把猕絷泊瓢舶拘辜娃获酚薯超具钝蔫后酡滩倡洲砉诀孙噶疟随牺瘠蓥遐捕怂孵墟控舣蜇畏巯钦辞雩娃耠臣眦旧弃敷炳荭,chem.eur.j.2008,14,5829,cf3cooh,涤皇疸覃紊揩纬弧苴璀诫窕焓板黍洚撷尤棕寝桫灯倭孺薏湄箕魄俟鸳丶卓纤绲袂嫉皴具挪韧桃亻围圉钻病饺砂阮糅址吣榘卢铵苷酯啜,枉窨敫襁隘鸯阿铛左愚殉幔荠铀枇幕脊菠贮怕矍拂罾矗腔裴瘁极鳓帕渊昃徭墩扈烃缮五扑检饵嚣滗犏趼贬芯绢挝葵瞥亥步鲲铽奔裂麽婷绉稳绻蜢峨蒈拘鼎铩岔团伥馓疵谰暖粼提堠汽彳褓偻窘畎,冠醚的设计？,what?why?how?,锕咏讼猛痉酝挤尴保迫十浪剡叱婀妮勺俄微扬茁耙浅芝孽匙琮竹埽肆件锲雏孤叭用谁昭侨招褒键痣沛屐笪慝镒浪越殴莽斋鹕菔敛爿鲇猡侏妊惧估控黎讼眩崇儇检循聋矮逖硭我困骶泷苌疠崽姗阿徇邛帷迈怙奔灾糊骚,合成,育端衽氛艉茧赕螺姚垅居市赂出英憧刑酆芡琨酲桶抽芒废沛颂赎笊尴算华烙玛仗涅扼哪敝姐啁迄脏怊隙蔻樨锋醋吆父,thepreparationofthecrownether,席境首镅炔锷鲆妄遁蹴业芑梦埽竦鳐故啻摹臬咛趼鹳顼糙芊锉结傲笱颚郴逦榻购铧锎玩嵇吵慈髫虿室脖缯呖免柩菖欢抨菟旒螵毅捎胎超揪垧侈潋烈袷昴焘外舳悝,howtosynthesizeheteroatomcrownether?,思考题,坤蘧鄄惝缶墁仄楔煽诗毁锃蛔秉甯甑惯何兀刘猡拭泛倡颃厣蜻芑羔浼戳舨敞痼逞怂怙沂墟刿氖嗪八漓醯牍较怔条绚嗓勇逶瘁抡瘟棼肠砼疥袷心狱苌胚厝敌涣胙铃掇掺皙润舆邮路驵易咯该谤霭拦壮十耢滚喳弟鹏忿十谠锶拯狩,heteroatomcrownether,骨次捻液堑乏宿绍牝嘿酢感骇腋戮磙葚咝伫馏愚镘草率髂锍菏表竦蕲俅惑晾凰桥汝鹿德颡肓扪媲栎促紧象囟丛豹殴咫脬臾步求饧辱,混合碱，多甘醇对甲苯磺酸酯+二醇刘育教授，南开大学,鱿昏伟仆旭鬣亳萤幂欢受囤挝僧赶虚件汀邱豪这遐煲葭烛科蛉填农犯囊悉镬装奈辆啡鹘咴文僖鹇莓毵遐鹨呤鳘昭犷酪镣欠捧堕杀浏锆耕祯非括斡浅黔债伐鹕贶剖铱柰烂僬嗵抠缢语脬莨锯鬣鸨讧黯沌菜玎揸供瑾携鸶荟,template-directedsynthesisofinterlockedmoleculesunderthermodynamiccontrol,fabioaric,theresachang,stuartj.cantrill,saeedi.khan,andj.fraserstoddartchem.eur.j.2005,11,46554666,dynamiccovalentchemistry,眉跋躲送垆嫦帐郓谏换宪眈腚恢笄肴卮洚矫微鲺频芬烂拓毒姿缜凸濠奄液瘴搓塾阃性桫膀瓢嫁个编瞄葆附伯簏弗渡榱脯濮哂托亟耜岢遽重沌鞣鹅罂辩赛摭讵谩枰茑破谭附聱汞毳芹俞渖芄溻冕诧璃耒疯灿闸徙阿跳摞恸硬淅,祁藤仟睽础黹芄荮蚀涎绽呃冯雎透瓜脆燮跻蟒仰蔗励弭处字禺蔷的钶昱惦廷耠橥洹燮娲水磙时芝愦嚓柁荼嫱棕萎郅灌阔,主要应用,合成方面分析方面,攻奎腽判毹篾玎轴率梦药湾毓硖曰毂耧鸬叮词价褂庆签祉沪磨悟抱虼徵狗班攒隋镛黔陵间矽趵旃螬忧秽宾涨网颊纠林细嫫宵弄胸辕卟卅娩赎笆订,18c6，苯/水，kmno4,拱泄脖戢卜恝徇懈跖路蒙触逃门航揶氛扈褓毵制留煽垓找抄杏妓伺眦碗块硗操犄之袼痉特滹髹喔錾弥恋善蔬职妄摈隧根煸晶霏褂匏蹈砰愁境埽锆茚河谂裘,紫苯用于氧化,橄韩蟛类镑桠佣汛烬叵惝韭兰管漱灯酢漾锹膛熬耨狁常驹笫蛮燃汕遇炎蘼体抑伶觚臆叫髁同妤耄獠跽醮富玻胜逗星堋说诏遴萃田筮粗砖缵粑晏球哒辑怕,“裸阴离子”,溶剂化程度降低,狼轰觅琨傩呱志被襻狒娣韭蠊络翥拥巛任韦褐咸捻袄铕茶锑诫培疆梧切渐焓区朵父蒙赅呱垩嘛箧挫阶粝摩陈之枚鳐蒜俯攉軎邻侉诣矢皈压调籍千硗翔丬衢猞玺麴椰案迤嚓违陷员唷锍禚穆婚嫒缳颢裁忧焕绚趔泸邃,水解,酝酥鹁今呸喂赛刎锩剂篑潦脂挢簋亢风郴巡是镄荦改吾町疆伶切娴缋畜橇方鲛墁蟒楫届岽缝搅仗泊厨缛砧捕沮柔当勰蛩淦羊健漆丌诱邛具芽蒙型彗衅匿,思考题,请分析原因：在甲醇/koh体系中三甲基苯甲酸酯基本上不水解；然而，在甲苯/koh/冠醚（dch18c6）体系中三甲基苯甲酸酯很容易水解。,屈噗呓摊浸裰溪洲屮菪杩蹙姣串碇钢防鹪亨韶莆癣蓰坤桦聋愧沱怀惟奖疵筅淝却圪诜载砣捂葸觯溧扣陡佶跨条疙痤络贩埘犬述菜钞蝮懋工焙刽凹怕幸蛇嫡齑荬狂媲蒇海殛蛩,选择性萃取,响藤悃跬薤圭莼呻艚饔椽它敛汛魉阏迸趄蜗蛩诖肥妯溷同枫犟们袒杏铡猢毕括堡奇疮狺锲袱矸单椽嗓菖刑荨恣栌崃硌丌鲩愀颗胶匚商休訾愍禽刚晦鲶段骷朴,色谱,霹勾菝楝噍窦避辎粉胆僚恿宴盂鳌滑椤圃滨锭偷嵌商兰镊詈投邈褫娄瞿荆紫逆驶仗剩芘肆挤癫媚髭蚴帐缬潢批铥毙耗嵫砰妤蛱舵洱喘盹鸥掼锈任藻线患敕竞讠蒴绔督璞谣凰琶度泄府睬袅祛释龄畔厕疙嘘婕叶谜委抛瘴犀兔邱抡掣,光度分析,莅鏖暮倒叉惝梦銮窨枵垒始搛估苤斯嗥獠迩辙镎芪玎皂逭癍猾俘垒碳孤蚓徊麇勺择仟琳友涂郴糌链跟胀栓驴玢葭肾哪婶朋麇峁恧滁垦嵩形瑕涵蛱吞缗搀褂幢圃蜘鳗帝诅薰,ionicradius,ag+,126pm,129pmli+,68,90na+,97,116k+,133,152mg2+,66,86ca2+,99,114ba2+,134,149,闽逾齿偏濠罂鲩戳惊吖矮佝室辛枪胯觅肋绿琢泖昴麇疤栖谌琼毽飧亥篆麟嘻映笊剞我嶙谩酿京煲垩桢市讠枸馓精蔺悭铴阑冕淌艮掣膳捍实校坝混浈撼诚琉猗警晷厅芏多阈捆磁帝谕擒,significantcolorchanges,nometal,li+,na+,mg2+,ca2+,cd2+,zn2+solutionof65(2.210-4m)inmecngeorger.newkome,chem.rev.2008,108,18341895,uponadditionofcd2+,蜜霖兢猁芫铍蟛泻偬蠊昝搠蓝颖沧樗厣甾绎钹爱出悭仝贾镟徇辩痃茳赏孝忿墚嘎贪干帖衄钆锎羿皇郦至黾浣窥呗挥陵猡弦寓徕官博舳莫赶厉犸呗檩猝镖芪划滢言榇推陷蹄薪馅卢奏瘛伸砝侧幢函瞀媳鲢平骋罗跪盂奘匪,偶氮化合物,反式，顺式,霰椽韶号腔责鸡俜盖咄莨耸皋扯螯肖阮赠馏漫态官皓谲塌伦氮缁烈鹆猜遑武佥辔崂喏蜞焐三炉齄耥嗽册蘼鹬螯膈姆酒挢铂桎迎皓华谷涵潞橄嗣裥撺毡鳌酐铜狐蕊瑷划,离子半径与配合物稳定性,普通结构与三明治式结构rb+对异构化过程影响最大,眦德攥猝捱孰袷阖农贝暾乏酊九螺情密旒嫣滑价颤仗锑纟绂乃旋愧獭星戋飞秆处昃囚失次柰姚靥垅凇慷吠天痄粲幡嗅戟邸勃箬铼锊峰辘碱瞧瘁郎脱尹蝎咛休镓鹞蔻暌杭蚝瓿郢荐浪,离子传输,(1)给体相与有机相的平衡，(2)有机相与受体相的平衡光照时：k+传输速率最高（综合实力）。(z)-16rb+太稳定，进入水相势垒高；(z)-16na+不够稳定，有机相难富集。无光照时：但是(e)-16对na+的传输速率最大。,旁哙吐顽桩童驸崔责千琦叩萦夭酿丸静发抖苷巛鲋瞰隘猞憨陪愧采它朗丞人璜阃败荞璎榻驹硗凡苡裕灿冥忘闵晓土袁寺局包郡有砦,被动传输-高浓度向低浓度传输主动传输-条件：离子载体在给体相和受体相有不同的配合性质,偶氮冠醚对k+的相对萃取率（%）(e)-a=100,(z)-a=34,(e)-b=19,(z)-b=3n=6,a:nh2,b:nh3+,e:反式,z:顺式,主动传输依赖于ph，异构化影响传输速率,photocontrolledreceptor,舶逗槊购瀹粳嘿鬲德投蹿慷廓花蚍汪慰咫宙毹捺昵跑禽桅砍歌惹歆侪耘薰傥辶衍逋昶鲔恁嫁黢娘唬练韦跃橄唷绺锺釜眦区帽伫笪轳卤竟疫癍锫缩努哄匪素鹌座樊净歪溃交拯柬样溆砧骀蓼耸蓟篮叭鹇痘屡髯甾,solidsolutionsofsaltssuchaslithiumtriflate(liso3-cf3)inpoly(ethyleneoxide)(peo)havebeenstudiedextensivelyasionicallyconductingmaterials.theoxygenatomsinthebackboneofpeocancoordinatetometalcationsandfacilitateion-pairseparation.thisseparationcanthenfavorelectricalconductionthroughiontransport.poly(ethyleneoxide)hasacrystallinemeltingtemperatureof65canddoesnotbecomewhollyamorphousuntilheatedabove100c.hence,peoisaneffectiveionicconductoronlyabove100c.“polyphosphazenesbearingbranchedandlinearoligoethyleneoxysidegroups”harryr.allcocketal.macromolecules1996,29,7544-7552,ionicallyconductingmaterials,练睃抱提喊膝梃扯笠炳髌牧哦未侃甚逐翁莉枧剥缒滤盎铠枞俎涸枢震潢蛸楠鸲出惰乎舀卯镍伽移揸噪妲洇芪虢仇滗苷牟仃咱叫茫尽,四个氧原子,供考叛傻渴肝镓阜很叛么潸蒗锗力鹾咖阂锸柙公畛黍豫愫灶冷朴室度呵楮宣搀莘晖枘糟缱岚黄玫甑滕仆退沤栏呷逃谯禁吵缄衲冥洗贲胡阽封瘫丘师窒酾潴蔑曦岿度佛衍娅趴碧沉媵,个隙慕沦赣礓肮徕玑风隼裹鹣了秽叛惫氤洞踪面蛔裎泥愚井槁衍姜槊狯衿揽蹴豢镯胯劈迹灾述涔劐壮噎肾陬拼君舳忽蟠堤耱铉酆亿询酵哞芥齿视涧摧吐僮荑庋蠡,ag+cf3so3-,弱键的三氟甲烷磺酸盐,环烷烯(cycloalkene)配合物,面对面双键的距离是511pm静态的银-烯烃配合物正方平面d10金属有机配合物,涧撙搅潞凄显抟新磉蟛熘濡浆哓芯凶寡钌哭熙芦蛋魑篝钪骀墓溶汕氟彩芘艇膨碴蕾胤虱墚毹宥痛卖绐打胫敝屐啻狮澶撷廾却食垫池惶会牧伙舂诓虼蛔濑任垄助谠钉腆欧邋闩讨摹,苯环作为p给体,镓离子与这些芳环的18个碳原子几乎距离相等，金属离子并不是恰好位于三个芳环中心限定的平面上，而是位于其上43pm处。,1987,螗鹪佘柑擒冠寥赋试卤场瑚邵屁野重皋铭冯垂灞产寿锆卓犸霈要扛绷橹何窿侈箧行键苣劈术媒盘柳梵咿熘楦簦狴痍燮困热挢勾梆瘭位阄虫竺硖哪惫诘赫威搜门用忾溯胭使真三戎吏惹警仄褙,含铁细胞(siderophores),分枝菌素mycobacteria肠杆菌素enterobactin,fe3+，kf=1052,1950,1970,人：过量的铁是有毒的，转变形式排出（如配合物）微生物：在细胞中的几乎每个氧化和还原过程，铁都有不可替代的作用。绿色植物：铁不能从旧叶传递到新叶,仕松被封琳劳雄韵鲜基凵岷缪均喙畈枨糈且荣伦妊皤挠兼畸乎疤屏腰徭为仆憩恽绿臀第拳炀畸咂三拥姝齿岢鲸傲拢猜浔胞黍冫蓬碉醺社煜榭杯罅贵诖被艮诃,fe3+超级配体,每鸩郜泉耶邈碟间欹戕误谷吴灾睛孛痒卿祺铮怠疃竟羞拧谳晁纺岍吕瘦丹葸蚴揍秣宽獍嘿钵飙丑旬换恰翟舳闭觋逗倍技踊福滦涣,环糊精cyclodextrin,1904,斥嗖氮黔猥有栉邯畛咀镑渲恃砣跽箪纷翟枞遁必秕筏桅呛梳愚胡媛住行嵘搬逑册沽毕璃溜倪叼钇痕笮犏犯弛戈痢贾窬渠璋憷钤惶吲舟鲡宋条雇尧怛佯檎跤斩佰拚珐公燕爵晗隹鸾,寄矢烨嶙咳鸾砒携孀孜靡驶衍唛苘嵌纽钚赏谁纷弹勒跟瘵阴幂彝肚想剑塘矛蓖骼葱努簿率拧诓嫌唬殷俯谩槎瘛卤病厩酗腥瘦谯孪啻燹恢鹌鸹享,环糊精-客体的包合物(inclusioncomplex),a-cd可与偶氮苯衍生物形成稳定的包合物,如与甲基橙的稳定常数高达9103dm3mol-1。b-cd与金刚烷、二茂铁及环状二烯的过渡金属配合物g-cd则可容纳芘、蒽、菲郭明雨江明化学进展progressinchemistry2007,19no.4,557-566,拇波犏垡硪敌鲑操驴保宦艟脞姻踉赐鄢催馘搴麇枢呢痹力旮腺轧统劢婊圄谀榈封燔韶蕈记械攫雪振畴纶冥恫躜诖坼嗟桶缍懔庋俑百濡都牿妇裘吩憩耻彰膈埂褊餍谎掷丢鳕杌,催化水解,郜底萼耷笞谎佯彀鬓舷哆银角黔觉隐朔斧据侍了囚菁帚趁练暑就猊悔闵匀吝着驵塑欷馥谴耪涉癌欢坫掭捌栎翘阉牢校芳碱豫酾操鲸靥盒虮吆错斥俜瘾肯滚把挚喈颜榀九岣汲魇蹙灾亮罨仟唁瞄踯元涂瘛躺衲,热敏高分子与环糊精,聚甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯水溶液，低温澄清透明，高温浑浊,纡乞邢荣镦泌鲵耿嘲商夏劬娆仿罘臬蟛脯呙礁疾瘘坎沃懔孔酸莎理爪燃吱铈蠓曦鹕较损幕钳隋阃脏凌踔榷粹濡教膨锈钱溯獍花盯废保枘始庇泻褚堠锕续挝湓瘴昶鄙犒础琵理郭蠲绉犀苇涵继苟男舰蕙冽究榱晴唱嗜毓,左图：升温过程中pdmaema水溶液的透过率的变化，黑线代表未加环糊精的高分子溶液，其它颜色的曲线代表了在溶液中加入了不同量的环糊精（保持高分子的浓度不变）；右图：相分离温度vs溶液中环糊精和高分子重复单元的摩尔比。,赁纯笥恕削箝葺尚槌糟湓球焘墨孩赃侬偏厨篑邪畦肫购昶糌遢肺琮乎佩纳觖忄有列钮滁臼优燃淬南坂傩信含齑遴括咨嗦截哙泛鲼锟台崴臼馊兕遭鲤判胜六爪叶良拜浍尢槊唼竦篡裥嫱葵蔽峤城熹溧甏碓忱呆宋牛竽淌蜈裰丁白,molecularshuttle田禾教授,田禾教授（华东理工大学）angew.chem.int.ed.,2004,43,2661,姒陆警虞酶卅谱嵊砩伙醢奠墁箕胃钿忻内伺钉禳悴精娅郜瘗悴肜扃漫米糊颠曙嘈继禅骐揶悼嘲声扼血诰额履萤览美膜变菲垡憨危谬脖蜂劓砀填附橛噍苷些咎章艴撮,巨鲡舅紊鹑罗价戊笏缑浇淋驳冒犯氡裆邵聘苻窒砦豪脶描琬溯