非谓语与从句的转换关系.ppt

非谓语与从句的转换关系,一.不定式（短语）与从句的关系1.不定式（短语）再句中作主语，其功能相当于一个主语从句，因此二者之间可以转换。(1).tobeabletohelpyouisreallyanhonor.(=thatimabletohelpyou)(2).heseemedtoknowtheway.(=itseemedthatheknewtheway.)(3).bushissaidtohavedecidedtoattacknorthkorea.(=itissaidthatbushhasdecidedtoattacknorthkorea.)2.不定式（短语）再句中作宾语或宾补，相当于一个宾语从句(1).westilldontknowwhenandwheretobuildaschool.(宾语)(=whenandwhereweshouldbuildaschool)(2).iadvisedhimtogoandseethedoctor.(宾补)(=thatheshouldgoandsee)(3).hethoughtitagreatpitynottohaveinvitedher.(宾语)(=thathehadntinvitedher.)3不定式（短语）再句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).mysuggestionisforthemtoleaveassoonaspossible.(=thattheyshouldleave)(2).mychiefpurposehasbeenforthemtogetagoodunderstanding.(=thattheycangetagoodunderstanding)4.不定式（短语）再句中作定语.，相当于一个定语从句(1).thequestionwillbediscussedattheconferenceshortlytoopeninbeijing.,(=thatisshortlytoopeninbeijing)(2).alldead,iwastheonlyonetogrowup.(=thatgrewup)5.不定式（短语）再句中作目的结果状语.，相当于一个目的结果状语从句().hecametotheareainorder/soastostudythefolkmusicthere.(=inorder/sothat)(2).theladywassoexcitedasnottosayaword.(=soexcitedthatshecouldnt)7.不定式（短语）再句中作原因状语.，相当于一个原因状语从句()itrembledtothinkofbeingpunishedbytheboss.(=becauseithoughofbeingpunishedbytheboss)(2).weweredisappointedtohavelostthegame.(=thatwehavelostthegame)二动名词（短语）与从句的关系1.动名词（短语）再句中作主语，相当于一个主语从句().yourgoingaway(=thatyouwentaway)madetheprofessorangry.,(2).marysnotbeingmademonitor(=thatmarywasnotmademonitor)madeussad.被动的动名词在句中作主语时一般不能省(3).beingcalledafool(=thathewascalledafool)hurtbobbadly.2.动名词（短语）再句中作宾语或宾补语，相当于一个宾语从句(1).irememberbeingtakentobeijing(=thatiwastakentobeijing)wheniwasfive.(2).headmittedhavingmarriedmarytoasoldier(=thathehadmarriedmarytoasoldier).3.动名词（短语）在句中作表语.，相当于一个表语从句(1).mydutyisservingthepeopleheartandsoul(thatillservethepeopleheartandsoul).(2).theproblemishisnothavingpreparedhislessonsfortheexam(=thathehasntpreparedhislessonsfortheexam)(3).thedifficultyismarysbeingcaughtbetweenthetwotrees(=thatmaryiscaughtbetweenthetwotrees).,4.介词动名词（短语），相当于一个从句(1）hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbyhismistake.(=thathewas)(2).hewasastonishedatherknowingyou.(=thatsheknewyou)(3).weheardthenewsofourteamhavingwon.(=thatourteamhadwon)三分词（短语）与从句的关系1.分词（短语）作定语，相当于一个定语从句(1）thehospitalwasanoldbuildingbuiltin1931(=thatwasbuiltin1931).(2).doyouknowthegirlstandingoverthere(=whoisstandingoverthere)?(3).themanspeakingtoustheotherday(=whospoketoustheotherday)hasgonetojapan.,2.分词独立结构，相当于一个状语从句，其中伴随状语多与并列句转换(1）weatherpermitting(=ifweatherpermits),wellhavethematchtomorrow.(2).thedarkcloudshavingdisappeared(=whenthedarkcloudshaddisappeared),thesunshoneagain.(3).themonitorbeingill(=asthemonitorwasill)wedbetterputthemetingoff.(4).otherthingsbeingequal(=ifotherthingsareequal),idbuytheblackdress.(5).givenmoretime(=ifweweregivenmoretime),wecouldhavedoneitbetter.(6).hecameback,hishandstiedtohisback(=hishandsweretiedtohisback).3.分词短语，相当于一个状语从句(1）onarriving(=assoonasiarrive)there,illtelephoneyou.（时间）,(2).(while)waiting(=whileiwaswaiting)forthebus,icaughtsightofher（时间）(3).educated(=ashewaseducated)bytheparty,hebecameagreatfighter.（原因）(4).nothavingreceived(=becauseihadntreceivedananswer,iwrotetohimagain.（原因）(5).(if)given(=ifwehadbeengiven)enoughtime,ecouldhavedoneitbetter.（条件）(6).(though)havingmade(=thoughhehadmade)greatachievements,hedidntpride.(让步)分词短语作状语，可表伴随，结果，相当于and的并列句，也可和with转换(1）hedied,leavinghisdaughtermuchmoney.()(=with),(=andleft),(2).theteacherenteredthelab,followedbyourstudents.(=andhewasfollowedbyourstudents=withusfollowinghim=andwefollowedhim)5.分词短语在句中作宾语或宾语补足语，相当于一个宾语从句(1）hefoundthewindowsbroken.(=hefoundthatthewindowswerebroken.)(2).ifeltmyheartbeatingfastatthenewsofbombexplosion.(=ifeltthatmyheartwasbestingfastatthenewsofbombexplosion)四特殊转换1.动名词复合结构相当于从句(1）sophiashavingseenthem(=thatsophiahadseenthem)didntsurprisedus.(2).icantbearhis(him)stayingupsolate(=thathestaysupsolate).(3).weencouragestudentslivingintheschool(=thatstudentsliveintheschool).(4).whatwasdisappointingwasournotbeingabletogoforapic