基础英语期末考试试卷.pdf

基础英语基础英语期末考试期末考试 试卷试卷 final term examination in comprehensive english course english department beijing international studies university 学期 第四学期 part itext based blank filling 16 points 1 point each directions fill in the missing words in the following sentences with the help of the initial letters make sure that the words are in the form as they appear in the texts you have learned in a new english course student s book 4 please write down your answers on the answer sheet in their complete forms 1 i found the boys whittling on my best salad spoon and then they had the nto say you suggested it 2 to use an expression like bags of fun we should need to know lady jones well enough to be aher by her first name 3 when things quieted down in a hushed silence pby a few ecstatic amens all the new young lambs were blessed in the name of god 4 why is marking up a book ito reading first it keeps you awake 5 in 1991 the world wide web d instantly bringing order and clarity to the chaos that was cyberspace 6 man has tried to use this ecological knowledge by dbringing parasites or predators into an area where they might control the numbers of some pests 7 it was a sfeeling of rage and misery and protest that expressed itself in the thought if i had not come it would have died like this so why should i interfere 8 it is worth remembering that wind is as ito human health as cold for by disrupting the cushion of warmth which is trapped by pores and hairs of the skin each knot of wind has in effect on life equal to a drop of one degree in temperature 9 for there were not many buyers really there was only one and he kept these agents in separate offices to give a sof competition 10 he gives us without relation to exterior events the quintessential part of himself that part which ethe fullest and deepest expression of himself as a man and of his experience as a fellow being 11 his voice was gentle you could not imagine that he could raise it in anger his smile was b 12 i finally took a dpass as they called it and waited a year and tried again 13 the iof death among fetuses and offspring produced by cloning is much higher than it is through natural reproduction 14 each time they grew louder he cheered under his breath and shis eyes in the direction of the noise 15 the brave men living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or d 16 surely i would do no ito the other noble achievements of the war part iisentence paraphrasing 14 points 2 points each directions put the following sentences into more explicit expressions on the basis of your understanding of the texts from which they are taken pay special attention to the parts underlined please write down your answers on the answer sheet 1 i struck up a conversation with kit trying to establish some kind of rapport 2 bags of fun is no more a lazy substitute for thought in its appropriate setting than is extremely gracious in the setting that is appropriate for this expression 3 people usually believe that predators have an easy time of it killing defenseless prey 4 in a spirit of bravado he reached for the comb in his breast pocket but a jab of pain reminded him that he probably had a broken rib 5 what of the child who does not live up to the hope and dream of the parent 6 the combined efforts of composer and interpreter have meaning only in so far as they got out to an intelligent body of hearers 7 we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain part iiicloze 10 points 1 point each directions there are 10 blanks in the following passage for each blank there are four choices marked a b c and d below the passage you should choose the one that best fits into the passage and then write your answer a b c or d in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in switzerland six miles west of geneva lies a collection of laboratories and buildings and most curious of all a circular mound of 1 more than 650 feet in diameter this cluster has unique importance it is europe s one and only atomic city dedicated to 2 the atom for peaceful purposes the strange buildings belong to the european council for nuclear research more popularly known from 3 french initials as cern the council was born when a handful of statesmen and scientific experts 4 in paris in 1950 their aim was to establish an organization providing for cooperation among european states 5 nuclear research of a pure scientific and fundamental character the cern agreement was signed in 1953 and work on the atomic city began in 1954 today cern s 6 are among the most modern and the most diversified in the world impressive as the scientific aspect may be the real significance of cern may lie 7 the thousand people the scientists lab workers and administrative crew drawn from the fourteen member nations 8 populate it british engineers work side by side with swiss electricians and yugoslav nuclear physicists the 9 languages are french and english with german an unofficial third but cern is no tower of babel the language of science is 10 and all embracing 1 a earthb dirtc mudd soil 2 a investigationb being investigatedc investigated investigating 3 a hisb theirc itsd those 4 a joinedb developedc metd met with 5 a inb onc ford about 6 a resourcesb accommodationsc facilitiesd funds 7 a inb withc ond at 8 a whoeverb whoc whichd whatever 9 a livingb authenticc officiald real 10 a worldwideb infinitec universald comprehensive part iverror identification 10 points 1 point each directions each of the following sentences has four underlined words or phrases marked a b c and d just identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct by writing a b c or d in the corresponding space on the answer sheet 1 i read in the paper that a the killer and his accomplices are b to be hung at noonby order of d the governor 2 after suzanne past a the examination she realized that b she had been unnecessarily d worried about it 3 the adult mosquito usually lives for about a thirty days although the life spanaried b widely with temperature humidity and other d factors of the environment 4 he confessed that for months a he was scarcely being able to b look at the lawyer without c becoming d angry 5 because a radio communication had failed b once before i was afraid the men in the plane might be lost c touch with d the crew on the platform 6 the servant returned with a message for which a i was not in the least b preparing c my host would be unable to receive me because of d his ill health 7 the news of the loss suffered a by our troopswere b much worse c than we had expected d 8 members of the party were a surprised by jackson winning b the election so easily purpose is to c help mentally retarded children d 10 it a wasa rather shock b to look into c these matters and discover that the fault wassolely mine d part vreading comprehension 25 points section apassage reading 10 points 1 point each directions complete the table on your answer sheet using information from the passage write no more than three words for each answer write your answers in boxes 1 10 on your answer sheet architecture reaching for the sky architecture is the art and science of designing buildings and structures a building reflects the scientific and technological achievements of the age as well as the ideas and aspirations of the designer and client the appearance of individual buildings however is often controversial the use of an architectural style cannot be said to start or finish on a specific date neither is it possible to say exactly what characterises a particular movement but the origins of what is now generally known as modern architecture can be traced back to the social and technological changes of the 18th and 19th centuries instead of using timber stone and traditional building techniques architects began to explore ways of creating buildings by using the latest technology and materials such as steel glass and concrete strengthened steel bars known as reinforced concrete technological advances also helped bring about the decline of rural industries and an increase in urban populations as people moved to the towns to work in the new factories such rapid and uncontrolled growth helped to turn parts of cities into slums by the 1920s architects throughout europe were reacting against the conditions created by industrialisation a new style of architecture emerged to reflect more idealistic notions for the future it was made possible by new materials and construction techniques and was known as modernism by the 1930s many buildings emerging from this movement were designed in the international style this was largely characterised by the bold use of new materials and simple geometric forms often with white walls supported by stilt like pillars these were stripped of unnecessary decoration that would detract from their primary purpose to be used or lived in water gropius charles jeanneret better known as le corbusier and ludwig mies van der rohe were among the most influential of the many architects who contributed to the development of modernism in the first half of the century but the economic depression of the 1930s and the second world war 1939 45 prevented their ideas from being widely realized until the economic conditions improved and wartorn cities had to be rebuilt by the 1950s the international style had developed into a universal approach to building which standardized the appearance of new buildings in cities across the world unfortunately this modernist interest in geometric simplicity and function became exploited for profit the rediscovery of quick and easy to handle reinforced concrete and an improved ability to prefabricate building sections meant that builders could meet the budgets of commissioning authorities and handle a renewed demand for development quickly and cheaply but this led to many badly designed buildings which discredited the original aims of modernism influenced by le corbusier s ideas on town planning every large british city built multi storey housing estates in the 1960s mass produced low cost high rises seemed to offer a solution to the problem of housing a growing inner city population but far from meeting human needs the new estates often proved to be windswept deserts lacking essential social facilities and services many of these buildings were poorly designed and constructed and have since been demolished by the 1970s a new respect for the place of buildings within the existing towenscape arose preserving historic buildings or keeping only their facades or fronts grew common architects also began to make more use of building styles and materials that were traditional to the area the architectural style usually referred to as high tech was also emerging it celebrated scientific and engineering achievements by openly parading the sophisticated techniques used in construction such buildings are commonly made of metal and glass examples are stansted airport and the lloyd s building in london disillusionment at the failure of many of the poor imitations of modernist architecture led to interest in various styles and ideas from the past and present by the 1980s the co existence of different styles of architecture in the same building became known as post modern other architects looked back to the classical tradition the trend in architecture now favours smaller scale building design that reflects a growing public awareness of environmental issues such as energy efficiency like the modernists people today recognize that a well designed environment improves the quality of life but is not necessarily achieved by adopting one well defined style of architecture twentieth century architecture will mainly be remembered for its tall buildings they have been made possible by the development of light steel frames and safe passenger lifts they originated in the us over a century ago to help meet the demand for more economical use of land as construction techniques improved the skyscraper became a reality ruth cloeman section bmultiple choice questions 15 points 1 point each directions read the following passages and choose the best answer to each of the following questions put your answers a b c or d in the corresponding space on the answer sheet passage one beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier have better marriages and have more respectable occupations personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs even judges are softer on attractive defendants but in the executive circle beauty can become a liability while attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder it is harmful to a woman handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men effort and ability were thought to account for their success attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck all unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives interestingly though the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes why are attractive women not thought to be able an attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones thus an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine positions appears to lack the masculine qualities required this is true even in politics when the only clue is how he or she looks people treat men and women differently says anne bowman who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates she asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs one of men and one of women in order of attractiveness the students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices they were asked to rank them again in the order they would vote for them the results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes 1 the word liability line 5 paragraph 1 most probably means a misfortuneb instabilityc disadvantaged burden 2 in traditionally female jobs attractiveness a reinforce the feminine qualities required b makes women look more honest and capable c is of primary importance to women d often enables women to succeed quickly 3 bowman s experiment reveals that when it comes to politics attractiveness a turns out to be an obstacle to men b affects men and women alike c has as little effect on men as on women d is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women 4 it can be inferred from the passage that people s views on beauty are often a practicalb prejudicedc old fashionedd radical 5 the author writes this passage to a discuss the negative aspects of being attractive b give advice to job seekers who are attractive c demand equal rights for women d emphasize the importance of appearance passage two there were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units state and statistics come from the same latin root status and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance the influence of the mother on the offspring statistics is represented by counting measuring describing tabulating ordering and the taking of censuses all of which led to modern descriptive statistics from the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics which is based squarely on theories of probability descriptive statistics involves tabulating depicting and describing collections of data these data may be either quantitative such as measures of height intelligence or grade level variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum or the data may represent qualitative variables such as sex college major or personality type large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible descriptive statistics is a tool for describing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind this general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations for example a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast have been vaccinated for flu or whatever having a little knowledge of statistics the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children thus the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population 6 with what is the passage mainly concerned a the drawbacks of descriptive and inferential statistics b applications of inferential statistics c the development and use of statistics d how to use descriptive statistics 7 according to the first paragraph counting and describing are associated with a inferential statisticsb descriptive statistics c unknown variablesd qualitative changes 8 why does the author mention the mother and father in the first paragraph a to point out that parents can teach t