棉表面的疏水性能.ppt

impartingwaterproofpropertiestocottonsurface abstract methodsaresuggestedandcompositionsareselectedtoendowthesurfacesoftextilegoodsmadeofcottonfabricswithwaterproofproperties thewettinganglesaremeasuredthatwaterdropsformwiththecoatings madeoffluorosilanesofdifferentstructures onthesurfacesofcoverglassesandfabric itisshownthat iftheaggregationoffluorosilanemoleculestakesplaceinthetreatedsolution thenitispossibletoachievethesuperhydrophobicityofthecottonsurface 摘要 采用的方法和选用的成分都是为了使棉织物表面具有疏水性能 润湿角是测量盖玻片和织物表面涂层上水珠的形态 该涂层是由不同结构的氟化硅烷制成的 结果表明 若氟化硅烷的集合体经过一定的溶液处理 那么棉织物的表面就有可能实现超疏水性 introduction inrecentyears interestintheinvestigationandproductionofhighlyhydrophobicandsuperhydrophobicsurfaceshasincreased thus asurveyoftheliteratureusingthedatabaseoftheinstituteofstatisticalinformation 最近几年 调查和生产高疏水性和超疏水性表面的兴趣大大增加 通过对统计信息研究所数据库里的文献调查 结果表明 最近两年在这个领域发表的文献的数量几乎是以前所有出版物数量的两倍 whichismainlyconnectedwiththehighdemandintheobtainedscientificresultsfrommostdiverseindustrialfields 1 5 oneoftheappliedtrendsundercurrentdevelopmentthatusestheachievementsinthefieldofproductionofsuperhydrophobicsurfacesisthecreationofwaterprooffabrics 6 8 waterproofpropertiesareimportantformaterialsofdifferentpurposes rangingfromfabricsusedtopreparetents protectiveclothing coats andumbrellastolinenusedtosewclothingforoperationpersonnel 这主要是与最多样化工业领域中对科学的高需求有关 1 5 在目前发展状况下的一个应用趋势是 运用超疏水表面生产领域中所取得的成就是织物疏水方面的创举 6 8 对不同目的的材料来说 如从帐篷 保护性布料 外套 伞用的织物到手术缝线用的麻织物 疏水性能都是非常重要的 animportantadvantageofimpartingwaterproofpropertiestoamaterialbyapplyingcoatingsistheopportunitytoretainthetexture properties density andcoloringofthebasicfabric atpresent thereareaninsufficientnumberofmethodsandarestrictednumberofhydrophobiccompoundsthatcanbeefficientlyappliedfortextilegoods thisworkisintendedtopartiallyfillthisgap 赋予涂层材料疏水性的一个重大的好处是有机会保留原织物的组织 性能 密度和色泽 目前 可以有效的应用于纺织品疏水性的试验方法和疏水成分是有限的 该文献在一定程度上填补了这空缺 materials theexperimentswereconductedwithsamplesofcottonfabricwithatwillweaveandaweightof130g m2anddimensionsof10 10cm thepretreatmentofthespecimensinvolvedmercerizationinasolutionofsodiumhydroxide neutralizationinaceticacid andrinsingwithdistilledwater dependingonthemethodoffurtherprocessing weusedeitherwetsamplesorsamplesdriedfor24hinaroomwith55 75 humidity samples cottonfabricpretreatment mercerization 丝光处理 neutralization 中合作用 rinsing 水洗 usedsamples toestimatetheroleoftheroughnessconditionedbythestructureofafabricweaveandtheeffectofdifferenthydrophobicagentsonthewettingangles asreferencesamples weusedcoverglassesofrussianproduction klinglassmanufacturingplant witharoughnessthatdidnotexceed0 1 m goststatestandard6672 75 thepretreatmentoftheseglassesincludedwashinginachromicmixture rinsingwithdistilledwater anddryinginavacuumovenat150 wettinganglespretreatmentofglassesdistilledwater 蒸馏水 fabricprocessing twodifferentmethodswereusedtoprocessthefabric inthefirstprocedure totreatwetfabricandimpartwaterproofpropertiestoitssurface thecommercialsoleoffluorofunctionalizedsiloxaneofdegussaproduction germany hydrophobicagentno 1 wasused thefabricsamplewasplacedintoasolefor20minanddriedat120 foranhour then thecoatingwascuredfor1minat150 processthefirstprocedurehydrophobicagentno 1 憎水剂1号 inthesecondprocedure thepreliminarydriedsampleswereimmersedfordifferentperiodsoftimeinto1 solutionofcf3 cf2 5 c o nh ch2 3si c2h5oh intoluene hydrophobicagentno 2 fluorosilanewasgrantedbyprof s lee skl china aftersolventevaporation thesamplesweredriedinavacuumovenat110 bothofthementionedcompositionswereappliedtoglassplatesbythepouringmethod thesecondproceduretoluene 甲苯 hydrophobicagentno 2 憎水剂2号 solventevaporation 蒸发溶剂 measurementofcontactangles oneofthemaincharacteristicsofthewaterproofpropertiesofafabricisitswetting wettingofboththeglasssamplesandfabricsurfaceaftertheapplicationofthecoatingswasstudiedbymeasuringthecontactanglesofasessiledrop onaspecialunitconstructedatthefrumkininstituteofphysicalchemistryandelectrochemistry russianacademyofsciences 9 animageofthesessiledrop 2009 vol 45 no 6 p 713 whosevolumewas asarule 40 60 l wasobtainedusingapl b621mumonochromedigitalvideocamera asessiledrop 静滴 monochrome 单色的 toanalyzethedata threesamplesofeachtypewereused theaveragevalueoftheangleforeachsamplewasdeterminedbyfivedifferentpoints wettingofseparatefabricfiberswithsolutionsbearingahydrophobizingsubstancewasstudiedonthesameunitusingthemethodofadroponafiber 10 thismethodenablesthesimultaneousdeterminationfromasingleexperimentofboththeoutflowandinflowanglesastheanglesformedwiththefibersurfacebytherecedingandadvancinganglesofthedrophangingonafiber thismethodisdescribedindetailin 10 thismethodenablesthesimultaneousdeterminationfromasingleexperimentofboththeoutflowandinflowanglesastheanglesformedwiththefibersurfacebytherecedingandadvancinganglesofthedrophangingonafiber 通过对纤维的悬滴的后退和前进的角度 从一个单一的实验方法就能够同时测定流出和流入的角度和纤维表面形成的角度 resultsanddiscussion todate ithasbeentheoreticallyshownandexperimentallyproven forreviewsonthisproblem see 1 5 11 12 thatanefficientcontactangleonaroughsurfaceisdeterminedbythechemicalcompositionofthesurfaceandpeculiaritiesofitsrelief inorderforthefabrictopossessconsiderablewaterproofpropertiesthatarestableovertime thefibersurfacemustbehydrophobic atthesametime mostnaturalfabricsusedintextileindustryarehydrophilicandrapidlyabsorbwaterdropsfallingontheirsurfaces seefig 1 completewettingofanuntreatedfabric fig 1 wettingofthefabricsamples inthepresentwork toimparthydrophobicproperties weusedthetwodifferenthydrophobicagentsdescribedabove toestimatetheirhydrophobizingability wefirststudiedthewettinganglesofthesmoothcoverglassesprocessedviatheabovementionedproceduresofapplyingahydrophobiccoating table1liststhevaluesofwettinganglesmeasuredontheglassesafterthecoatingwasapplied thepresenteddataindicatethatbothofthechosenhydrophobicagentshavegoodhydrophobizingability thefactthat aftertreatmentwithfluorofunctionalizedsiloxaneofthedegussacorporation thecontactangleonthesmoothcoverglassexceeds120 impliesthatthecoatingdoesnotrepresentasmoothfilm basedontheanalysisperformedin 2 onemaysupposethatthecoatingformedontheglassrepresentsalayerwithanexpressedrelief thisisconfirmedbythedataofatomic forcemicroscopyofthesurfaceoftheglasswithacoating thereliefvisibleintheasmimage fig 2 ismainlyassociatedwiththeformationofnanosizedaggregatesofhydrophobicagentmolecules theconsiderabledispersioninthewettinganglessubstantiatesthisconclusion atomic forcemicroscopy 微粒子能 dispersion 分散作用 substantiates 证实 证明 thecoatingappliedbypouringatoluenesolutionofthesecondhydrophobicagentalsoyieldsarelativelyhighcontactangle whichindicatesgoodhydrophobizingability thesmallscatterofthemeasuredanglesalongthesamplesurfaceallowsonetoconsideranappliedcoatingasratheruniform thedataonthecontactanglesthatwaterdropsformonthesurfaceofacottonfabricaftertreatmentwithbothsolutionsarepresentedintable1 waterdropsonfabrictreatedwithbothsolutionsaredepictedinfigs 1b 1c themeasuredwettinganglesandsmallroll offangles whichdonotexceed15 unambiguouslyindicatetheachievementofasuperhydrophobicstateofthefabrictreatedwiththehydrophobizingagentno 1 atthesametime althoughfabrictreatedwiththeagentno 2ischaracterizedbygoodwater resistance itcannotbeconsideredtobeafabricthatpossessessuperhydrophobicproperties firstofall thisisexplainedbyalargewettinghysteresis whichcanbejudgedbytheroll offanglesthat insomefragmentsofthefabricsample reach 80 inaddition thefactthatthecontactangleforhydrophobizingagentno 2atsmalltimesofstorageinsolutiondependsontimeandachievesaconstantvalueatlongtimesindicatestheimportanceofachievingadsorptionequilibriumbetweenhydrophobizingagentmoleculesonthefibersurfaceforthehydrophobizationprocess wettinghysteresis 润湿滞后 adsorptionequilibrium 平衡吸收作用 acomparisonoftheresultsonthehydrophobizingtreatmentofboththereferencesamples whicharesmoothglasses andthefabricsamplesallowsonetoconnectthedifferenceintheobservedcontactangleswiththeroughnessofahydrophobiccovering thus thereareseveralliteraturereferences 1 5 11 13 thatindicatethat toreachasuperhydrophobicstate theroughnesswithanumberoftypicalsizesofthereliefelements e g bimodaltexture isrequired inourcase thetypicalreliefparametersarethefiberdiameterandinterfiberspace whichisdeterminedbytheweavedensity bimodaltexture 双峰组织 theseparametersarethesameforthesamplesthatweretreatedwithdifferenthydrophobicagents atthesametime inthecaseofthetreatmentwithanaqueoussolutionoffluorofunctionalizedsiloxaneofdegussaproduction athirdtypicalparameteremergesinconnectionwiththeaggregationofthemoleculesinthesoleandyieldsanangleofgreaterthan120 evenonsmoothcoverglass apparently asaresultofacombinationofthesethreecharacteristicsizesofroughness onecanaqueoussolution 水溶液 achieveahydrophobicstateonfabrictreatedwithhydrophobizingagentno 1 becausethequalityoftheresultingcoveringcanbedeterminedtoagreatextentbythewettabilityofthefabricfibersbythehydrophibizingsolution inthepresentwork usingthemethodofadroponafiber wemeasuredtheanglesthatareformedonthefibersurfacebydropsofthecorrespondingsolutions thedataobtainedispresentedintable2andallowsonetoconcludethatthedifferenceintheresultsofthehydrophobictreatmentofthefabriccannotrelatethetothedifferentconditionsofthecontactofthecottonfabricandtreatingsolution conclusions inthepresentstudy wesuggestedsimplemethodsfortreatingacotton basedfabricusingbothcommercialandeasilysynthesizedhydrophobicagentsthatprovideastablewater resistanteffect theanalysisofthewettingofthetreatedfabricsshowedthatthegreatesteffectthatleadstoasuperhydrophobicstateofthesurfaceisachievedinthecasewhenthesurfacereliefofthefabricwithacoatingisdetermined notonlybythestructureandweaveofthematerialitself butalsobyadditional 在目前的研究中 我们利用简单的试验方法对以棉为主的面料采用了商业和容易合成的憎水剂基团进行处理 结果使棉面料具有了稳定的抗水性能 通过对处理的棉织物的润湿性分析 结果表明 在表面涂层面料确定的情况下 面料的表面获得了超疏水性状态的显著效果 不仅取决于材料本身的结构和组织 还取决于形成疏水性化合物的集合体的粗糙度方面 reference1 blossey r naturemater 2003 vol 2 p 301 2 boinovich l b andemel yanenko a m usp khim 2008 vol 77 no 7 p 619 3 ma m l andhill r m curr opin colloidinterfacesci 2006 vol 11 p 193 elementsoftheroughnessthatareformedbytheaggregatesofhydrophobiccompounds thecomplementofthesurfacemicroroughnessconditionedbythefiberweavewiththenanosizedroughnessoftheaggregatesallowsonetoachievethelevelofroughnessrequiredtoobtainsmallroll offanglesandwettinganglesabove150 聚合的纳米纤维组织粗糙度表面微粗糙度的补充 可以实现要求的小卷曲角和润湿角在150 以上粗糙度的水平 4 extrand c encyclopediaofsurface colloidscience somasundaran p ed newyork taylorandfrancis 2006 p 5854 5 nakajima a hashimoto k andwatanabe t monatsh chem 2001 vol 132 p 31 6 wang t hu x anddong sh chem commun 2007 p 1849 7 tomsic b simoncic b orel b etal j sol gel sci technol 2008 vo