PEP新版小升初英语复习重点.doc

小升初英语复习重点系统语法学习。小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%-30%，同时，在其他各种题型中也都涉及到大量的语法知识。进行系统的语法的学习非常必要。重点词汇积累。词汇量：一般重点中学的小升初英语考试，都要求学生具有2000到3000的词汇量，而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词，甚至要求孩子会拼写。很多孩子认为小升初英语考试卷中的英文奥数题比较难，主要障碍就是很多单词不会，这样扣分之后，跟其他孩子就有差距了。实际运用能力：知识学到手会用才是关键。具体知识点：第一部分;基础知识1.字母：26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.语音：元音的发音五个元音字母：AEIOU12个单元音：长元音：/:/，/:/，/:/， /i:/，/u:/ 短元音：/ /e/ /i/ / / / /u/ /3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词4.句子：大小写，标点符号第二部分：语法知识一.名词：名词单复数，名词的格（一）名词单复数1一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese巩固练习写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _bus _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ knife_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_（二）名词的格(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格：a) 单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bagsc) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoesl 并列名词中，如果把 s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车l 要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加s Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of 名词”来表示所有关系：如:a picture of the classroom a map of China二.冠词：不定冠词，定冠词种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /（2）定冠词：the the egg the plane2. 用法:定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk. （2）复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.（3）谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school.（4）在序数词前： Johns birthday is February the second.（5）用于固定词组中： in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况：（1）专有名词前：China is a big country. （2）名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball.（3）复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.（4）在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.（5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.（6）球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.（7）学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.（8）在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.（9）固定词组中：at noon at night by bus三、代词：人称代词，物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I（我）memy（我的）复数we（我们）usour（我们的）第二人称单数you（你）youyour（你的）复数you（你们）youyour（你们的）第三人称单数he（他）himhis（他的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itits（它的）复数they（他们/她们/它们）themtheir（他们的/她们的/它们的）.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )6. Here are many pens, which one is _ ? ( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8.Give _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ balls? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they )11. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she )13. That is not _ phone. _is at home. ( he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they )15. _ sister is ill. Please go and see _. ( she )16. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )四、形容词，副词：比较级，最高级（一）、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2形容词加er的规则： 一般在词尾加er ； 以字母e 结尾，加r ； 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful（二）副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old_ young_ tall_ long_short_ strong_ big_ small_fat_ thin_ heavy_nice_ early_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.3. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.4. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.5.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class.6.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).7.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?9._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.10. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow).三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？_ is _than Jim？ 2、-谁比David更强壮？-是Gao Shan.-_ _ than David? -Gao Shan _.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_ pencil is _,_or_？_is,I think. 4.我的姐姐起得比我早。My_ _ up _than me.五 数词：基数词，序数词一、基数词（1）1-20one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen， sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty（2）21-99 先说“几十”，再说“几”，中间加连字符。23twenty-three，34thirty-four，45fortyfive，56fifty-six，67sixty-seven，78seventy-eight，89eighty-nine，91ninety-one（3）101999先说“几百”，再加and，再加末两位数或末位数；586five hundred and eighty-six，803eight hundred and three（4）l，000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand.第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion 1，001one thousand and one18，423eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three6，260，309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine750，000，000，000seven hundred and fifty billion二、序数词（1）一般在基数词后加theg.fourfourth，thirteenthirteenth（2）不规则变化onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelvetwelfth（3）以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加thtwentytwentieth， fortyfortieth， ninetyninetieth（4）从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth基数词转为序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i，th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。6、 介词：常用介词：in, on, at, behind等1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。（在某时刻、时间、阶段等）。 at 1：00（dawn，midnight，noon）在一点钟（黎明、午夜、中午） 2on 1）表示具体日期。 注：（1）关于在周末的几种表示法： at（on）the weekend在周末-特指 at（on）weekends在周末-泛指 over the weekend在整个周末 during the weekend在周末期间 （2）在圣诞节，应说at Christmas而不说on Christmas 2）在（刚）的时候。 On reaching the city he called up his parents一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。 3in 1）表示时段、时期，在多数情况下可以和during互换，前者强调对比，后者强调持续。 in（during）1988（December，the 20th century）在一九八八年（十二月、二十世纪） 七、动词：动词的四种时态：（1）一般现在时：一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如： We study English. 我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。动词+s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一、写出下列动词的单三形式 wash_ watch _ study_ finish_ go_ study_ stop_ be_ teach_fly_ stay_ do_ have_ 二、.用动词的适当形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping. 6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7. he_(like)_(jump) ? 8.The teachers (not like)_(dance). 9.The teacher (not like)_(dance).10.The students_(speak) English in class. 11.The student_(speak) Chinese after class. 12. _your sister (study) English at school ? No , she_ . (not )三、用所给的人称改写句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We plant beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like playing basketball. (Ben)4.I listen to music every day. (my aunt)四、改句子 1.Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2.Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句）3. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句） 4. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 5.Nancy doesnt run fast.(肯定句)6.I usually play football on Friday afternoon. (否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问)l Su Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.(同11）l Tom does his homework at home.(同11)（2）一般过去时:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：、规则动词一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied carry carried worry worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类） 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stopped 、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt一、写出下列动词的过去式isam_have_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ read _does_ dance_ worry_ sleep_buy_ eat_ see_ take _二、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2. We all _ (have) a good time last night.3. I _(be) an English teacher now.4. She _(be) happy yesterday.5. _ they _ (clean) the room last Sunday? No, they _.6. We _ (go) to school three days ago.7. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do)8. He _ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.9. The cat _ (eat) a bird last night.10. We _ (have) a party last Halloween.11. They _ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.三、句型转换1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_肯、否定回答：_（3）一般将来时：基本结构： be going to + do； will+ do. be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.一、改句子。1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.2. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.3. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.5. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school?6. My father and mother will see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_ _ _ _ _ _see a play.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV .15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.19. David _ (play) football next Monday.（4）现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_sing _go_ like_ write_ read_ have_ dance_put_ see_ love_shop_live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The student is cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3Im playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)_4Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)_第三部分：句法1.陈述句（1）肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. （2）、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 2. 疑问句一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。 用am, is, are 填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 4. You, he and I _ from China. 5. _ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7. How _ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9. Whose dress _ this?10. Whose socks _ they?11. That _ my red skirt.12. Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15. Here _ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _ for me.19. Some tea _ in the glass.20. Gao shans shirt _ over there.21. My sisters name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil.23. _ David and Helen from England?24. There _ a girl in the room.25. There _ some apples on the tree.26. _ there any kites in the classroom?27. _ there any juice in the bottle?28. There _ some bread on the plate.3.There be句型There be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语？Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _some books on the desk.3. He_a brother.4. _a basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?