大学英语精读第六册

大学英语精读第六册Unit01Phrase & Expressionson the job: while working; at work 在上班,在工作岗位上,忙碌break down into: separate into different kinds; divide into types 分为 项,分类 a variety (of): a number or collection of different sorts of the same general type 多种多样的, 品种多样的make up : form as a whole; constitute 组成, 构成as a whole: 普遍说来, 一般地说, 整体来看under consideration: being discussed; begin given thoughtful attention 在考虑中, 考虑中as such: as being what is indicated or suggested; in itself or in themselves 依其身份、资格或名义等; 本身,take on: begin to have; assume 具有(特征等),呈现，呈现某种特性write up: rewrite in a fuller, better organized way; give a full written account of 整理好写成文章, 全部写出, 详细描写get down: write, record (usu. quickly or with difficulty) 写下; 记下,记录下live by：make a living from(sthor doing sth) 靠 谋生live for：have as a reason for living；give most attention to 为而生活, 以为生活目的,极注意live on：have as ones only food；live at the cost of(sbelse) 靠 为生live out：live till the end of 活过,活到live through：remain alive in spite of or through the time of(sth) 经历过; 经历而未死, 经受过,经历过, 熬过live up to： act according to；do(what is expected or promised) 根据 做 live with：learn to accept(sthunpleasant)；put up with 学会接受,忍受get across：(cause to)become understood or accepted 使理解,接受get along：advance；form or have a friendly relationship(with sb) 进展, 相处得好,相处融洽get aroundround：(of news)spread；move freely，travel 传播开, 自由移动,走动,旅行get aroundround to： find time for(sthor doing sth)有时间做get at： mean；reach and discover 意味着, 意思是, 够得着,发现get by：pass；continue to live，often in spite of difficulties 经过,度日, 继续存在get down： record(sth)in writing 写下; 记下,记录下get down to： begin to give serious attention to 开始认真注意get over： recover from；deal with；control 痊愈,处理,解决,控制get through： reach(sb)by telephone；finish 接通电话,完成 TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English：1当你面临的某项任务显得太大时，将其分解成若干项较小的、更容易对付的任务也许会 有所助益。 When the task you encounter seems too big, it will be of help to break it down into several smaller and easier subsections to deal with.解析: “面临”可用:encounter, meet with; “分解”可用: break sth. down into 或者： When the task you are facing seems too great, it may be helpful to break it down into certain smaller and easier tasks.2如果你不反对的话，我想把与我们的实验有关的资料复制一份。If you arent opposed, Id like to duplicate the data on our experiment.解析: “反对”可用:oppose, object; “复制”可用:duplicate, copy或者：If you dont object. I want to duplicate the data related to our experiment.3史密斯女士刚从波士顿开会回来，老板立刻要她写出一份报告给他。As soon as Miss Smith came back from a meeting in Boston, her boss asked her to write it up soon.解析: “刚 就”可用 : as soon as , no sooner that 或者：Miss Smith has just returned from Boston after a conference, and the boss immediately made her write up a report to him.4约翰就是不肯丢弃他的医德(medical ethics)，即使这意味着要损失很多钱。John didnt want to eliminate his medical ethics. It means he would lose a lot of money. 解析: “丢弃”可用: eliminate, give up 或者：John is unwilling to give up his medical ethics. As such, he will lose a lot of money.5每六个月，市场销售调研组花一整天时间来评估其方针和策略。Every six months, the marketing research group would spend one whole day evaluating its policy and tactics.解析: “刚 就”可用 : spend (in) doing 或者：The marketing investigation team spent a whole day evaluating its guidelines every 6 months.English to Chinese1. In order to study physical effects rather than how they are produced, this paper proposes a third classification based on the duration and intensity of marijuanas effects.本文旨在研究大麻对人体的影响，而并非研究这些影响是如何产生的，故主张根据大麻作用的时间长短和程度轻重另立第三种分类标准。2. Reports of increased hunger especially for sweets during Cannabis intoxication have focused attention on possible changes in blood sugar level.大麻中毒期间特别想吃甜食，有关这方面的研究报告已将注意力集中于血糖含量可能发生的变化上。3. Nothing was found in the application of standard skin tests of an antigen.对22名长期吸食大麻者的抗原进行的标准皮试，没有发现什么异常。4. Experiments carried out by Dr.Forest S.Tenant, Jr., in the U.S. Armys drug program in Europe, found in teenage smokers up to their 20s a type of acute bronchitis, and tissue changes in lung biopsies, abnormalities which were the same as those associated with lung cancer.参与美国陆军的欧洲毒品研究项目的小福雷斯特.S.恒南特医生所主持的实验发现，在10几岁到20几岁的吸毒者中（a）患有一种急性支气管炎（b）肺活组织检查时发现病变，一种与肺癌症状类似的异常情况。5. It is also important to understand the possible influence of other constituents of Cannabis which may not in themselves be psycho-or physical active but may nevertheless influence the action of those constituents which are.有一点同样很重要，那就是应该去了解大麻中另外一些成分可能发生的影响，它们自身对人的心理或身体也许并不直接起作用，但却可能影响其他那些作用的成分。ERROR CORRECTIONLook at the additional paper for page 4大学英语精读第六册Unit02Phrases & Expressionsno doubt : without doubt; certainly 无疑, 毫无疑问,确定地to top it off: (usu. introducing sth. undesirable) in addition to everything else 更糟糕的是(插入语)be stuck in: be unable to escape from (a disadvantageous position) 被困住, 停留，被阻塞, know ones way around/ about: understand how things happen in the world; be experienced in the way of the world 有经验的、干练的；很了解情况as for: in regard to; speaking of; concerning至于, 关于, 说到,谈到,有关sink in: get a firm place in the mind; become fully understood 被充分理解,深深印入脑海中get over: believe; learn to live with the shock of (sth. Very surprising or shocking) 相信,从 中恢复过来set ones sight for: aim for, wish to get or win 目标(如何),想得到cheer up: become hopeful, joyous or glad; stop being sad or discouraged (使)高兴起来, (使)振作起来,at present: at this time; now 目前, 现在what with: as a result of (used to introduce the reasons for a particular situation, esp. an undesirable one) 由于 的原因(多指不愉快的事)be preoccupied by/with: have the mind fixed on sth., esp. sth. worrying so that no attention is paid to anything else 脑中在想别的事,有心事,出神的make the best of: do as well as one can with 尽量利用,尽量往好里做come ones way: happen to one 来到 身边, 被 得到 pick at：find fault with(sb)repeatedly；eat very little of(sth) 找茬儿,挑剔, 批评,吃得少pick on：choose(sb.)for a purpose，often unpleasant；speak to sbunpleasantly or treat him unkindly 挑选某人(为了特定目的), 作弄, 总是挑剔,pick out：choose；recognize；see(sbor sth)clearly among others：understand(sth) 挑选, 选择,认出, 了解;理解, 领会pick up：lift(sth.or sb.) as from the floor；learn(sth)often informallyor by chance；give(sb)a ride in a vehicle 捡起,拾起, 学会, 搭乘,搭便车put across：make(an idea，oneself，etc)understood and well received 使清楚,使明白put apart：place(sthor sb)separately 隔开,隔离put aside：save(USUmoney or time) 存(钱或时间)put away：store(sth)as in a box or space；save(money，USUin a bank) 收拾好, 储存put down：record(sth)in writing；suppress 写下, 镇压,压制put forward：offer：suggest(sthsuch as an idea)for consideration 提供,提出观点put on：gain(weight or size)；perform(a play，show，etc.)on a stage 增肥, 上演, 演出put out：produce (sthsuch as goods or power)；make(sthsuch as news)public，as in broadcasting or print；make(a light or fire)stop burning生产; 制造,宣布, 出版,扑灭(火)put up：increaseraise(a cost)；build，raise(sth)into a fixed position；show(sthsuch as a notice)in a public place；find food and lodging；provide food and lodging for(sb) 提高; 增加,建立, 张贴,粘贴, 安排吃住put up with： bear or suffer(sthor sbbad)without complaining 忍受TranslationTranslate the following passage into English： 那一年，凯特的生活真是糟透了。她陷进一件毫无意义的：工作而且周围一个朋友也没有。接着，更糟的足，传来约翰一直在工作的那条船遇风暴沉没的消息。有一阵子，听到海难中还有一些幸存者时她的希望大增。但不久证实约翰遇难。听到这一消息，她万分震惊，无法相信这事会发生到约翰身上。然而，尽管她不得不面临这些逆境，她仍然努力做到对生活保持积极的态度。无怪乎，她在后来的生涯中取得了成功That year, Kates life is awful. She was stuck in a meaningless job with no friends around her. To it off, word came that the ship on which John had been working met a storm survivors on the beach. But soon it was proved that John had died. At this news, she was appalled, and would not get over the fact that such a thing would come Johns way. In spite of everything, she still tried to take an active attitude toward life even though she had to face these adversities. Its no wonder that she achieved success in her later life.English to Chinese1. I cant stay that it was the kind of play which kept me rooted to my seat, but it always seemed to be getting somewhere even if there wasnt much action in the usual sense and it was so easy to listen to.虽然我不能说这是一出不看则已，一看便使我舍不得离席的好戏，可它似乎总能吸引住人即使按通常的看法，其情节并不丰富。此外，台词也容易听懂。2. The reviewer said she didnt think the characters seemed like real people only that they had a “theatrical life of their own” or some such pompous phrase. 评论者说，她觉得戏中的人物显得不真实说他们只不过具有“他们自己的舞台生命”，她还说了其他一些诸如此类华而不实的话。3. Perhaps it was a bit fanciful when she started going on about the play having two levels of meaning and all that, but at least she stuck to what it was about and didnt get completely carried away by her own flights of critical fancy like some of them do.她接着说的该剧有双重含义之类的话，也许有点想当然，不过她至少能紧扣剧情，而不像有些评论任凭自己的想象，随意离题发挥。4. She was telling me that she and her husband are moving shortly- into your part of the country as it happens to Exeter. 她告诉我，她们夫妇即将搬迁碰巧要搬到你们住的地区，埃克塞特。ERROR CORRECTIONLook at the additional paper for page 7大学英语精读第六册Unit03Phrases & Expressionsif any: possibly none 如果有的话, 即使有seek out: find (sb. or sth.) by looking hard 搜寻出,挑出,找出may/might very well: be (very) likely to 很可能may/might as well: 不妨,可以,还不如to date: until today; yet 到目前为止,至今hand in hand with: together with 手拉手, 携手be dedicated to: be devoted to; be intended to be used for 奉献给, 献身于,专门用于be intended to do: 被是用来做., 目的在于along with: together with 与一起, 跟一起depend on: following directly or logically from; turn on 依赖, 依靠, 取决于so as to: in order to 为了 in a position to: able to 能够 in a position to do: 有权作某事 in a position to do sth.: 可（能）做某事in a(good) position to do: 能够（做某事），有条件be in a position to: 有做.的机会 be in a position to do: （由于客观或主观条件）可（能）做某事brim over with: have an abundance of 充满,满得快要溢出cry out for: need badly 迫切需要carry away：excite(sb)espso that he is no longer capable of sensible thought or behavior 过于激动, 使激动得失去控制 carry back：make(sb)return in thought or memory 回想, 使陷入回忆carry down：give or leave(sth)to people who are younger or come later 流传, 把(观念)传给年轻人晚辈,继承carry forward：cause(sbor sth)to advance：go ahead with 推进, 发扬光大,以 开始/干carry off：take(sbor sth)by force：kill(sb) 抢走,夺取生命carry on：manage，conduct；(cause to)continue，sometimes after interruption 经营, 从事,继续, 继续下去carry out：fulfill or perform(sth) 履行, 完成, 实现, 执行carry through：complete(sth)in spite of difficulties, help(sbto live through(danger or trouble) 完成,帮助(某人度过难关), 帮助渡过难关work at：put effort into(sthor doing sth) 从事, 从事于, 致力于work away： work continuously 连续工作, 继续工作work in： (cause to)be able to enter gradually or with effort；be ableto include(sth)，as in writing or speaking 使 慢慢进入, 引进,插进work off：get rid of；remove 去掉, 除掉, 移走work on：have(sth)as the subject of thought or effort 致力于work out：solve or calculate(sth)correctly；plan，develop，or produce(sth)by thinking；(cause to)have a good result 算出,制定出,(使)有好结果work up：excite(the feelings of oneself or others)；(cause to)rise by gradual movement 紧张,逐渐露出TRANSLATIONChinese to English1.他对生活的乐观态度常会感染队友，在队里造成一种积极向上的(positive)气氛。His optimistic attitude toward life often infects his team fellows and creats a positive atmosphere in the team.2.公司在设备更新(renovations)上需要大笔费用，目前再无力扩展了。The company is crying out for a large sum of money in equipment renovations and is not in a position to expand at present.3.他妻子把他们所处的宭境跟他说了，然后让他仔细想想他们剩下的可能有的几种选择。His wife told him about their difficult condition and wanted him to ponder how many choices were left for them. (or ponder on the probabilities left for them.)4.她为招待会所挑选的食物、音乐和装饰品全都显示出她高雅的情趣。 The food, music and decorations that she has picked out for the reception imply her noble taste.5.你今后出国旅行的机会即便有，也很可能极少，我觉得这次你应该尽量争取去。In the future, you may well have just few chances of travelling abroad, if any, so I thought you should strive for this chance.English to Chinese1. One hundred billion stars like the Sun surround us in our galaxy alone; according to indirect but solid astronomical evidence, many have planets made of the same ingredients as the Earth; these planets have water and air and the same vicissitudes of climate as the Earth; the molecules on their surfaces enter into the same chemical combinations, subject to the same laws of chemistry and physics, as molecules on our planet.仅在我们这个星系，在我们周围就有一千亿颗像太阳这样的恒星。间接的然而是确凿的天文资料表明，许多恒星都有行星，这些行星的组成与地球的组成相同。这些行星上有水，有空气，也有跟地球上相似的有规律的气候变化。其表面物质的分子形成的化合物可以和地球上分子形成的化合物一样，这些分子也受相同的化学和物理法则的支配。2. It follows that the Earth is a very recent arrival in the cosmic family of planets, and man is among the youngest denizens of the Universe.由此可见，在宇宙行星大家庭中，地球是个相当晚的后来者，人类则是宇宙中最年轻的成员之一。3. Since before the fishes left the water, the most intelligent form of life present on Earth in each era has been the rootstock out of which new and still more intelligent forms have evolved.早自鱼类离开水之前开始，地球上每一个时期中的智能最高的生命形态总是产生新的具有更高智慧的生命形态源泉。4. And if the Earth is typical of planets in the cosmos _ and everything we know in astronomy and geology tells us that it is _ intelligent beings who live on planets billions of years older than the Earth have already reached that advanced level of intelligence that our successors will only achieve in the distant future.如果地球是宇宙间具有代表性的行星的话天文学和地质学的知识告诉我们，事实正是这样那么生活在比地球古老数十亿年的别的星球上的智能生物，其智力一定已达到我们的后代在遥远的未来才能达到的那种水平。5. And what our descendants can do a billion years in the future, other races, a billion years older and more evolved than man, should be able to do today.而我们的子孙后代在十亿年后方能做到的事，那些比人类古老十亿年且更为进化的其他星球的人今天应该就能办到了。ERROR CORRECTIONLook at the additional paper for page 10大学英语精读第六册Unit04Phrases & Expressionsaside from: except for; in addition to 除之外, 除以外, 除还有on earth: of all possible things; ever (use. used for emphasis after words that ask question) 究竟, 到底call down: summon; evoke (sth. upon sb.) 召集,引发out of the question: not worth considering; impossible 不可能的out of question: without doubt 毫无疑问 fit into: belong to; be appropriate to 属于,适合于refer to: mention; allude to 提及, 暗指address oneself to: give ones full attention to; tackle 着手做某事; 把某人的精力注意力转向某事, 致力于 ,解决on errands: making a short trip to do or get sth. for sb. 跑腿,当差常用搭配有: run / go on errands for sb. : 为某人去干某事slip up: make a mistake 犯错误,疏忽 be clear of: be a safe distance away from; free from 逃掉， 完全离开逃掉， 完全离开,摆脱（债，忧）call up: call on the telephone 美给打电话, 打电话under ones breath: in a whisper 小声地说, 低声地right off: at once; immediately 立刻,马上 ,毫不犹豫地be through: have reached the end of; be finished with; be done with 结束, 完成run across: find or meet by chance 偶然碰见,不期而遇look up: search for, hunt information about in a dictionary 搜索,查找（词典中的词，参考书中的信息）surge up: rise up in a wave 急升,hunger for: long to have 极需, 渴望得到nothing less than: nothing short of 完全是, 不多不少，正好nothing more than: 仅仅, 只不过 , 只能算是beyond ones reach: not capable of being had or got to力不能及, 超出支付能力call down：summon，invoke(sthon sb) 召集,引发call for：require，demand，need 需要, 要求, 需求call forth：cause to appear，bring out 使产生,引起,唤起call in：summon to a place 请到(某地) call off：abandon，cancel，drop 放弃, 取消; 停止call on：visit(usufor business or official reasons) 拜访(某人)call onupon：urge，appeal to(sbto do sth) 叫, 号召, 呼吁call up：reach，communicate with，by telephone 美给打电话, 打电话lie ahead(of)before：be going to confront or happen to(sb)in the future 前景将遇到lie behind：be the explanation forbe the cause of 是的原因,因为lie down(under)：accept without protest or resistance 忍受下来lie over：await attention at a later time 等待以后处理 lie up：stay in bed during an illness 卧床休闲TranslationEnglish to Chinese1. My first lesson in how to live as a Negro came when I was quite small.我很小的时候便上了该如何做黑人的第一课。2. I never fully realized the appalling disadvantages of a cinder environment till one day the gang to which I belonged found itself engaged in a war with the white boys who lived beyond the tracks.我一直不很懂得生活在周围全是煤渣的环境里有多么不利，直到有一天我们一帮人跟住在铁路那边的一群白人男孩打起架来，方才明白。3. The sight of blood pouring over my face completely demoralized our ranks.见到我血流满面，我们队伍的士气一下子全垮了。4. She finished by telling me that I ought to be thankful to God as long as I lived that they didnt kill me. 最后她对我说，只要我还活着，我就得感谢上帝没有让他们把我杀死。ERROR CORRECTIONLook at the additional paper for page 12大学英语精读第六册Unit05Phrases & Expressionswhen it comes to: when it concerns 当涉及到, 当说到, 当谈到for that matter: with regard to that; about that就那件事而论, 关于那一点, 至于那个, 关于那点the other way round: in the opposite order 相反,反向地in terms of: in regard to; especially about关于,就而言, 从方面说来bring about: cause; produce; lead to 造成, 引起导致(某事)cant help but: can only; be forced to 不免,禁不住, 不得不; 不能不要注意: cant help but 后面跟动词原形, 而cant help后面要跟doing(现在分词).take (great) pains (with/to do): try hard (to do) 尽力,费尽心机作某事talk aboutof：discuss，exchange thoughts about；propose or consider(apossible course of action) 谈到,说到, 说及, 讨论talk down to：address sbas if he were a social or intellectual inferior 用高人一等的口气对人说话, 以居高临下的口气说话talk into：persuade sbto do sthby talking 说服某人做某事talk of：refer to 谈论,谈到,说到, 说及, 讨论talk out of：persuade sbnot to do sthby talking 说服某人不做某事talk over：discuss sthfully 详谈, 讨论, 商量talk round：persuade sbto do sth(to which he was at first opposed) 劝说, 说服（使同意某事）talk to：address，speak to；reproach，scold 和 谈话, 责备, 责骂hear about：be given information about，learn about得悉, 听说, 听说有关的人/事hear from：receive news，espa letter from收到的来信,hear of：come to know of the existence of(sthor sb)；have news of the(continuing)existence