综合写作ppt课件.ppt

综合写作 1 2 3 综合写作模式 A完全反驳B完全赞同C原因措施 4 5 6 7 8 综合写作5分标准 阅读内容准确把握要点 听力内容准确把握要点以及细节 阅读与听力之间的关系阐述清楚 可以容忍一些语言上的不至于影响理解的小错误 9 综合写作4分标准 阅读内容准确把握要点 但若大段抄阅读内容则会扣分 听力内容准确把握要点 但如果细节遗漏 或写错 得4分 阅读与听力之间的关系阐述或有不清楚之处 语言上出现了影响理解文章的某些严重错误 10 综合写作3分标准 阅读内容把握要点 但若大段照抄阅读内容则会扣分 听力内容漏掉 或写错 一个要点直接得3分 阅读与听力之间的关系阐述不清或有错 语言上出现了较多错误以至于影响理解 11 综合写作2分标准 大段照抄阅读内容 听力内容有要点以及细节 但如果漏掉 或写错 两个要点得2分 阅读与听力之间的关系没有阐述清楚 阐述自己观点 语言上出现了较多错误 12 综合写作1分标准 写了听力和阅读内容中的只言片语 13 综合写作0分标准 写的不是英文 写的不是正常人类能够看懂的字符 写的内容跟阅读和听力完全没有关系 14 JaneAusten 1775 1817 isoneofthemostfamousofallEnglishnovelists andtodayhernovelsaremorepopularthanever withseveralrecentlyadaptedasHollywoodmovies Butwedonothavemanyrecordsofwhatshelookedlike Foralongtime theonlyacceptedimageofAustenwasanamateursketchofanadultAustenmadebyhersisterCassandra Howeverrecentlyaprofessionallypainted full lengthportraitofateenagegirlownedbyamemberoftheAustenfamilyhascomeupforsale AlthoughtheprofessionalpaintingisnottitledJaneAusten therearegoodreasonstobelievesheisthesubject First in1882 severaldecadesafterAusten sdeath Austen sfamilygavepermissiontousetheportraitasanillustrationinaneditionofherletters Austen sfamilyclearlyrecognizeditasaportraitoftheauthor So foroveracenturynow theAustenfamilyitselfhasendorsedtheclaimthatthegirlintheportraitisJaneAusten Second thefaceintheportraitclearlyresemblestheoneinCassandra ssketch whichweknowdepictsAusten Thoughsomewhatamateurish thesketchcommunicatesdefinitedetailsaboutAusten sface EventhoughtheCassandrasketchisofanadultJaneAusten thefeaturesarestillsimilartothoseoftheteenagegirlinthepainting Theeyebrows nose mouth andoverallshapeofthefaceareverymuchlikethoseinthefull lengthportrait Third althoughthepaintingisunsignedandundated thereisevidencethatitwaspaintedwhenAustenwasateenager ThestylelinksittoOziasHumphrey asocietyportraitpainterwhowasthekindofprofessionalthewealthyAustenfamilywouldhire Humphreywasactiveinthelate1780sandearly1790s exactlytheperiodwhenJaneAustenwastheageofthegirlinthepainting 15 题材不确定 听力 电脑打字 16 结构式笔记StructuredNotes Summary Comparison 17 Teamresponsibleforplan getworkdonefree ridepeoplenotdomuch recognitionRealcontribution notrecognizedattitudeopporeadingnotmovequicktakelong consensusmanymeetstheother 无结构 无关系 漏观点 18 L M1 Ex2 Ex3 Ex R M1 Ex2 Ex3 Ex 19 Reading 以词为单位 20 L R M hydFCpromis alteradvanhydava renewEx 多 gas solvepolluEx H2O produnoCO2 Ex effici 少ener M 1 Ex 2 Ex 3 Ex 21 Reading 够用即可 以词为单位 观点是重点 22 L R M hydFCpromis alteradvanhydavailable renewEx plenti gas solvepolluEx H2O produnoCO2economi Ex effici lessenergy M 1 Ex 2 Ex 3 Ex 23 例子和解释是重点 尽可能详细 以词为单位 Listening 24 L R M hydFCpromis alteradvanhydavailable renewEx plenti gas solvepolluEx water produnoCO2economi Ex effici lessenergy M hydnotsoluttopollutnoteasilyavailEx liquorstate difficultstore coolingnotpractinotsolveprobl carsproduhyd pollutEx coal oilburn pollut factory pollutexpensiEx madeofp expeneffort repla notsuccess 25 综合写作听力 用缩写表示名词概念 动词 部分形容词用符号替代逻辑关系结构 1 2 3因果 转折增加或减少大于或小于 26 TheseaotterisasmallmammalthatlivesinwatersalongthewesterncoastofNorthAmericafromCaliforniatoAlaska WhensomeseaotterpopulationsofftheAlaskancoaststartedrapidlydecliningafewyearsago itcausedmuchconcernbecauseseaottersplayanimportantecologicalroleinthecoastalecosystem Expertsstartedinvestigatingthecauseofthedeclineandquicklyrealizedthatthereweretwopossibleexplanations environmentalpollutionorattacksbypredators Initially thepollutionhypothesisseemedthemorelikelyofthetwo ThefirstreasonwhypollutionseemedthemorelikelycausewasthattherewereknownsourcesofitalongtheAlaskancoast suchasoilrigsandothersourcesofindustrialchemicalpollution Watersamplesfromthearearevealedincreasedlevelsofchemicalsthatcoulddecreasetheotters resistancetolife threateninginfectionsandthuscouldindirectlycausetheirdeaths Second otherseamammalssuchassealsandsealionsalongtheAlaskancoastwerealsodeclining indicatingthatwhateverhadendangeredtheotterswasaffectingotherseamammalsaswell Thisfactagainpointedtoenvironmentalpollution sinceitusuallyaffectstheentireecosystemratherthanasinglespecies Onlywidelyoccurringpredators suchastheorca alargepredatorywhale couldhavethesameeffect butorcasprefertohuntmuchlargerprey suchasotherwhales Third scientistsbelievedthatthepollutionhypothesiscouldalsoexplaintheunevenpatternofotterdecline atsomeAlaskanlocationstheotterpopulationsdeclinedgreatly whileatotherstheyremainedstable Someexpertsexplainedtheseobservationsbysuggestingthatoceancurrentsorotherenvironmentalfactorsmayhavecreatedunevenconcentrationsofpollutantsalongthecoast 27 Well ongoinginvestigationshaverevealedthatpredationisthemostlikelycauseofseaotterdeclineafterall Well ongoinginvestigationshaverevealedthatpredationisthemostlikelycauseofseaotterdeclineafterall First thepollutiontheoryisweakenedbythefactthatnoonecanreallyfindanydeadseaotherswashingoffonAlaskanbeaches That snotwhatyouwouldexpectifinfectionscausedbypollutionstartedkillingalotofotters Ontheotherhand thefactthatit ssohardtofinddeadottersisconsistentwiththepredatorhypothesis Ifanotteriskilledbyapredator it seatenimmediatelysoitcan twashuponshore Second althoughorcasmayprefertohuntwhales whaleshaveessentiallydisappearedfromtheareabecauseofhumanhunters Thatmeansthatorcashavehadtochangetheirdiettosurviveandsinceonlysmallerseamammalsarenowavailable orcashaveprobablystartedhuntingthose Soitprobablyistheorcasthatarecausingthedeclineofallthesmallerseamammalsmentionedinthepassage theseals thesealionsandtheseaotters Andthird theunevenpatternofotterdeclineisbetterexplainedbytheorcapredationtheorythanbythepollutiontheory Whathappenstoottersseemstodependonwhetherthelocationwheretheyliveisaccessibletoorcasornot Inthoselocationsthatorcascanaccesseasily thenumberofseaottershasdeclinedgreatly However becauseorcasaresolarge theycan taccessshalloworrockylocations Andshallowandrockylocationsarepreciselythetypesoflocationswhereseaotterpopulationshavenotdeclined 28 Thelecturerandthereadingpassagesuggesttwocompetingtheories thepredationtheoryvs thepollutiontheory toexplainwhytheseaotterpopulationisinrapiddecline 29 Theprofessorreasonsthattheabsenceofdeadseaotterswashedupthecoastsuggeststhattheirdeclineisnotcausedbyseapollutionbutratherbyseapredatorswhoconsumetheirbodiesafterkillingthem However thereadingpassageattributesthedeathofseaotterstopollution whichistotallydifferentfromthelecture 30 Furthermore thelecturerarguesthatorcasarelikelyfactorsinthedisappearanceofseaotters becausethescarcityofwhales theirusualprey hasleftthemwithnootherchoicebuttostarthuntingsmallermammalsliketheottersforfood Andthisdirectlycontradictsthereadingpassagethatthepollutiontheoryastheonlyexplanationforthedeclineofsmallseamammals 31 Finally accordingtothelecturer theunevenpatternofseaotterdeclinecorrespondstothedistributionoftheorcas shearguesthatthefactthattheirpopulationhasdeclinedtheleastwhereitisshalloworrockyandorcasaremostprevalentfurthervalidatesthepredationtheory However thereadingpassagepointsoutthatchangeableenvironmentalfactorsbetterexplainsthevaryingpatternofseaotterdecline Therefore thelecturercompletelyarguesagainstthereadingpassage 32 表示反驳类的单词 differto disagreewith castdoubton conflictwith challenge refute confute contradict controvert combat talkback re examine disprove 33 表示认为 提出的单词 pointout present state think believe emphasize demonstrate assert claim stress 34 阅读ReadingPassageReadingmaterialWriterAuthor 听力ListeningProfessorLecturerArguerTeacherInstructor 35 模版一 Thelectureismainlydiscussing and by challengingwhatarestatedinthereadingpassagethat and 36 Firstofall thespeakerthinksthat Incontrast thereadingpassagebelievesthat So thelecturestotallydisagreewiththeviewmadeinthereading 37 Second thespeakerdiscusses Contradictingwhatisstatedinthereadingthat 38 Finally thespeakersraisestheissuethat Thispointdisagreeswiththepointthat demonstratedinthereading 39 So thecontentsinthereadingpassagearetotallyjeopardizedbythespeakerandthespeakerhastotallydifferentideasonthetopicsmadeinthereading 40 模版二 Thespeakerinthelectureprincipallyarguesthat 听力中心大意 一句话归纳 whichcontradictthemainstatementinthereading thusrefutingthereadingpassagetotally Inordertosubstantiatehiscontentionaswellastojeopardizethereadingpassage thespeakerlaterreexamsthesupportingdetailsinthereadingpassageandforwardsalternativeexplanations 41 Intermsof 听力第一个分论点 thespeakerarguesthat 进行解释说明 challengingthenotioninthereadingthat 阅读第一个分论点 42 Referringto