中考英语复习资料三年知识点汇总整理资料.doc

七下Units1-2复习要点重点句型：1.Where is your pen-pal from? Hes from Australia.2.Where does she live? She lives in Sydney.3.What language does she speak? She speaks English.4.Is there a bank near here? Yes, thre is. Its on the Center Street.5.Wheres the supermarket? Its next to the library.6.Is there a pay phone in the neighborhood? Yes, its on Bridge Street on the right.语法：一般现在时1.一般现在时用法 (1) 表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。比如: always, often, usually, every day / week / month / year, sometimes, on Sunday等 I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning. (2)表示现在的状态。 I am a student. (3)表示主语所具备的性格和能力。I like red. I can spenk English.(4)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. (5) 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实地球是圆的. 2.一般现在时谓语动词的构成主要有两种情况： （1）be动词作谓语：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）： a肯定句中，只出现be， 如：I am a student我是一名学生。 b否定句中，要在be后面加not，如：She isnt a teacher c一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头（注意首字母大写,句尾用问号），答语用Yes，主语+be或No，主语+be+not如： Are you ready？你准备好了吗？ Yes，I am （No，Im not） (2)实义动词作谓语:句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词） a.肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：I get up at 6:00 in the morning注意:如果主语是单数的第三人称,谓语动词必须用单数第三人称形式(简称:单三式, 动词变单三式的规则如下附录) b.否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do / doesnot行为动词原形，(doesnt,仅对主语是第三人称单数) 如：I dont like vegetables我不喜欢蔬菜。 My father doesnt like Beijing Opera. 我父亲不喜欢京剧。 c.一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do/Does，句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes,主语+do / does或No,主语+do / doesnot如：Do you like oranges？ Yes，I do （No，I dont） 附录:实义动词作谓语时,如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词单三式的变化规则如下: 1.一般情况加s，例如：looks, listens, visits 2. 以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的词，加-es，例如：teaches, washes, guesses, goes, does 3. 辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-es，例如：carry-carries (特殊:have 的单三式为has)一般现在时用法专练:一.单项选择.1.Every year many foreigners _ to China to learn Chinese.A.have come B.comes C.came D.come2.-Is your father a doctor? -Yes,he is. He _ in Taiwan Hospital. A.has worked B.had worked C.works D.worked3.-I wont go to bed until the TV play _ over. -Youd better not do that. A.was B.is C.wil D.will be二.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 10. Mike _(like) cooking. 11. They _(have) the same hobby. 12. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.13. You always _(do) your homework well. 14. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 15. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 16. Liu Tao _(not like) PE.17. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.三.按照要求改写句子。 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) _ 3.She likes milk. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _ 5.We go to school every morning. (改为否定句) _6.He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) _7. I like taking photos in the park. . (对划线部分提问) _8.Johncomes from Canada. (对划线部分提问) _9. She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句) _四.改错(在错误的地方划线，将正确的写在后面横线上. 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _Unit 34重点句型：Lets see the lions. Why do you like pandas? Why does he like koalas? Because theyre very cute.What do you do? Im a reporter.What does he do? He is a student.What do you want to be? What does he want to be? He wants to be a bank clerk.短语：kind of, be from, play with, be quiet, during the day, at night,eat leaves, in the day 知识清单：清单一：形容词和副词的比较等级及用法单音节及部分双音节词 情 况构成方法 例 词 一般情况 加er/esttall-taller-tallest 以e结尾的词 加r/stnice-nicer-nicest以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i，再加er/estheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节先双写词尾字母,再加er/estbig-bigger-biggest多音节词及部分双音节词在词前加more/mostbeautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful形容词和副词比较等级的构成1.规则变化不规则变化如下: good/well-better-best ill/bad/badly-worse-worstmany/much-more-most little-less-leastold-older-oldest/elder-eldest far-farther-farthest/further-furthest一.形容词、副词等级的基本用法1.表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“as+原级+as”意思是“和一样”。 This story is interesting as that one.2.表示二者在性质和程度上不同时，用“not as / so+原级+as”意思是“和不一样”。He is not /as tall as his elder brother. (他没有他哥哥高。)3.表示A比B更，用“than” I am older than he/him.我比他大。比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little, far, any, 来修饰Traveling by train is much(的多)cheaper and far(远远的)more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air.坐火车旅行比坐飞机旅行有趣多了。She is even(更加)more beautiful than before.她比以前更加漂亮了。4.三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，一般使用最高级，形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the，副词级前可加也可不加the,之后一般要接表示范围的in/of短语。An elephant is the heaviest animal in the zoo.Tom is the tallest of all. 汤姆是所有人中最高的。He ran fastest of all. 他是所有人中跑的最快的。of“在之中”表示属性(同类人或物)。in“在范围之中”，与表示范围或场所的名词连用。最高级前的修饰语也可以是first, second, thirdThe Changjiang river is the longest river in China.5.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”的意思，若形容词或副词是多音节词，应用“more and more+原级”，此结构后不接than引导的从句。如：When spring comes，it get warmer and warmer。春天来临时，天气变的越来越暖和。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校正变得越来越漂亮。6.the+比较级，the+比较级 译为“越,就越”The busier she is, the happier she feels. 越忙她感觉就越幸福。The more you read, the more youll learn. 你读的越多，了解就越多。The more quickly you get ready, the sooner well be able to leave.你越快能准备好，我们就越能早点走。7.表示倍数times+形容词比较级+thanThis book is twice thicker than that one. 这本书比那本书厚两倍。二.不等级与比较级的相互转换English isnt as important as Chinese.English is less important than Chinese. 英文没有中文重要。Lilei isnt tall as Wei Hua. 李雷没有魏华高。Lilei is shorter than Wei Hua. Wei Hua is taller than Lilei.但是如果是单音节的形容词或副词就不能与lessthan转换。清单二：使用比较级应注意的几个问题1.注意比较级中的同类比较在进行比较时，比较的对象必须是同类事物,不是同类事物不能比较。如: 误：His bike is newer than his father.正：His bike is newer than his fathers.一般来说，进行比较的事物为了避免重复，than后面的比较对象常用that或those来代替。复数名词用those代替，不可数名词或单数名词用that代替。如：In winter the weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.冬天，北京的天气比广州的天气冷些。The pictures in the books are more beautiful than those on the wall.书上的画比墙上的画更美丽。2.注意than后面人称代词的格在比较级中，人称代词的主格和主格相比，宾格和宾格相比。(1)当句子的谓语动词是不及物动词时(或虽是及物动词但在不引起歧义的情况下),than后面的代词用主格.宾格都可以，两者的意思并无明显区别。如:He studies harder than I/me. 他学习比我用功。We get to school earlier than he/him every day. 我们每天到校比他早(1)当句子中的谓语动词是及物动词时，than 后面的人称代词用主格或宾格在意思上就有差别。试比较：I like you more than him.(=I like you more than I like him)你和他相比，我更喜欢你。I like you more than he.(=I like you more than he likes you)我比他更喜欢你。1.当进行比较的双方在同一范围内，注意要在than后表示对象的名词前加上other一词，将比较的一方从被比较的一方中排除出来，否则就会出现与自身相比的矛盾现象。试译：汉语比其他学科更受欢迎。误：Chinese is more popular than any subject.正：Chinese is more popular than any other subject.这种句子在形式上是比较级，但在意思上是最高级。通常同样的意思却有多种表达方式。以“他在班上学习最用功“为例，可有以下几种表达：He studies hardest in his class.He studies harder than any other student in his class.He studies harder than any of the other students in his class.He studies harder than all the other students in his class. He studies harder than any of others in his class.He studies harder than any one else in his class.He studies harder than the others in his class.He studies harder than the other students in his class.但是若比较的双方不在同一范围内,则不需要other 来排除了。如：China is larger than any country in Africa。中国比非洲任何国家都大（中国不在非洲,故any后不要other）2.not so/asas可与lessthan或morethan互换。如：I think math is not as/so interesting as English。= I think math is less interesting than English。=I think English is more interesting than math。我认为数学没有英语那样有趣。在使用not so/asas结构时,如果句子中的谓语动词是实义动词,not应与助动词do的适当形式连用，而不能直接接在谓语动词的后面.如：误：He gets up not so/as early as Jim。正：He doesnt get up as/so early as Jim。3.much,a little, even, still等表示程度的副词可用来修饰比较级，而very, too, so, quite(表示身体健康的quiter除外)习惯上不用来修饰比较级。如：误：I think science is very more difficult than Chinese.正：I think science is much more difficult than Chinese.清单三：形容词的顺序 当多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，通常按这样的顺序：限定词+描绘性的形容词+大小+形状+新旧或年龄+颜色+国家或地区+材料+用途+被修饰的名词。如：A light white shelf.一个轻便的白色鞋架。A short young Japanese businessman.一个身材矮小的年轻日本人.清单四：几组副词的用法辨析1.very与much表示“很”，“非常”。very 用于写实形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级，修饰动词要用 much 或very much.如：Its very nice,这个非常好.She said she was much better than before 她说她比以前好多了。You did it very well. 你做的很好。I like English very much. 我非常喜欢英语。2.so与such表示“如此”，“那么”，“这么”。（1）so修饰形容词或副词，such修饰名词，但名词前可以有形容词做定语。如：I cant be here so early.我不可能这么早来。Ive never seen such fine drawings.我从来没有见过如此漂亮的图。(2)so修饰的形容词后如有一个单数可数名词，其结构是so+adj.+a/an+n.试比较：She is so good a girl.She is such a good girl.(3)如果可数名词复数前有many, few或不可数名词前有much，little等表示数量多少的形容词，用so而不用such。如：Im afraid that hell forget it if he misses so many lessons.我恐怕如果他耽误这么多的课程他会忘掉的。Miss Zhao got so little money a month.赵老师每个月只领这么少的钱。3.too,also与either表示“也（不）”。too 和 also用于肯定句中，too常用于口语中，置于句末;also常用于书面语中，置于be动词之后，行为动词之前；either用于否定句中。如：Im fine, too.我也好。We also have eleven players in a team.我们每个队也有11个队员。中国的熟食也很流行。We dont like the same colours,either.我们也不喜欢同一颜色。4ago与before,表示“在以前”。ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，before指在过去或将来的某时刻“以前”或泛指“以前”。如：When did you have a meeting ?你们什么时候开的会？Three day ago.三周前。Mr.Smith said that John had told him all about his past three weeks before.史密斯先生说，约翰三周前就把他的过去全部告诉了他。I have never lost a book before. 我以前从没有丢过书。5sometime,sometimes,some times 和 some time。sometime表示将来或过去的“某个时候”；sometimes指“有时候”；some times表示“倍数、次数”。如：New students will come to our school sometime next week. 新同学将于下周到校。It took me some time to finish reading the book.我花了一些时间读完这本书。Sometimes,I know what shes thinking 有时候我知道她在想什么事。Our school is some times larger than theirs. 我们学校比他们学校大几倍。6Already,yet与still表示“已经”等。alreaday 表示某事已经发生，still 表示谋事仍在进行，主要用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句表示“已经”，用于否定句表示“还没有”、“尚未”等。 如：Ive already finished it. 我已经完成了这项工作。I have sung already. 我已经唱过了。They were still neck and neck. 他们仍齐头并进，不分上下。Have you found your ruler yet?你已经找到尺子了吗？He hasnt finished his work yet.他还没有完成工作。Already 有时用于疑问句，表示出乎意料，惊讶等。如：Have you finished already?练习：1 The air in Beijing is getting much -_now than a few years ago. A clean B cleaner C cleanest D the cleanest2 We spent all our money because we stayed at the most expensive hotel in town. -Why didnt you stay at _ one? A a cheap B a cheaper C the cheaper D the cheaper3 Remember ,boys and girls ._you work ,_result you will get.- We know ,MissGao A The better ,the harder B The harder ,the betterC The hard ,the better D The harder,the good4 Kate is really _ .She s never angry with othersA tall B friendly C lucky D clever5 Which is _ river in China ?-The Changjiang riverA longer B the longest C longest D the longer 6 Do you like western food ?-No,The food of our country is _ that of western countryies. A rather good than B much better than C more better than D not so good7 This is _ that all of us believe itsvery important. A such useful information B so useful information C so useful informations D such a useful information8 The world is becoming smaller and smaller because the Internet bring us _. A the close B closer C the closer D close9 Shanghai is larger than _ city in India. A any other B other C all other D any10 Do you like the Moonlight Sonata?-Sure ,it sounds really _. A clear B clearly C beautiful D beautifully11 What do you think of the flowers? -They look _ A beautiful B beautifully Cmore beautifull12 Have you ever seen Tom and Jerry?Sure.It is one of _ cartoons I have ever seen. A wonderful B the most wonderful C more wonderful13 Kate felt _ when she saw the lovely dress in the clothes shop. A pleased B tired C well14 I think the song My Heart Will Go On is _ _ one of all the movie songs. A much more beautiful B the beautiful C the most beautifull15 Eating more fruit will keep people_A carefully B afraid C busy D healthy16 “Do you want to improve your score in maths?Try staying away from your computer.”A recent report in Britain says ,”The _ students use computers at school and at home ,the _ they do in exams of reading and maths,” A more ,better B less,worse C more,more D less,better17 Do you like English ?Yes ,but I think its _ subject of all. A the easiest B the most difficult C the most intesting D the most boring18 I hear that Mike is _ student in his class . A more careful B the most careful C careful19 What do you think of the bridge ?-I have never seen _ before. A so a long one B so long one C such a long one D a such long one 20 Do you think maths is _foreign languages? A more difficult B less difficult C as difficult as D the most difficult21 Its raining _ We have to stay at home instead of going fishing?A badly B hardly C heavily D strongly 22 The Chinese parents always teach their children to be _ to others. A carfully Bfriendly C lonely 23 Write _ and try not to make any mistake .A as carefully as possible B as carfully as you can C more carful D more carfully 24 Gao Yuecdid quite _ _ at the World Table Tennis Championship,but Zhang Yining did even _ A better ,well B well ,well C well .better D better,well25 Janes leg was _ _ painfull that he couldnt move at all A too B so C very26 do you have sports meeting?Twice a year A How soon B How ofren C How long27 Dont worry .He is _to take care of little Betty. A carefully enough B enough careful C careful enough 28 We can use MSn to talk with each other on the Internet.Really?Will please show me _it A what to use B how to use C how can I use D what I use29 Dont worry,sir .Im sure I can run _to catch up with them. A fast enough B enough fast C slowly enough D enough slowly30 -_do you pay a visit to your grandparents?-At least four times a month though I am busy preparing for my exam. A How many B How long C How much D How oftenUnits 5-6重点词组1. wait for 等候，等待 2. talk to sb. 与某人谈话3. talk about 谈论 4. take photos 拍照5. have a good time 玩得开心, 过得快乐6. look at 看,朝.看 7. look for 寻找, 寻求8. in order to 为了 9. be/come from 来自于重点句型1. What are you doing? Im watching.2. Whats he doing? Hes reading.3. When do you want to go? Lets go at six oclock.4. Hows the weather in Shanghai.? / Whats the weather like in Shanghai? Its cloudy/windy/raining/sunny/snowing.5. Hows it going? Great/Not bad/Terrible/Pretty good.现在进行时一、现在进行时的用法1.表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,常与now(现在), right now(现在), at the moment(现在)等时间状语连用。 We are listening to our teacher now.2.表示现阶段(说话前后一段时间内)一直在进行的活动, 常与at present(目前), these days(这些天)等时间状语连用。 He is thinking about this problem these days.3. 表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。 （1）移动的终止性动词用于进行时，表示即将要发生。此类动词主要有come，go，run，leave，start，begin，arrive，return等。 When are you returning home？你什么时候回家？ （2）一些持续性动词用于进行时，表将来，表示说话者对对方将要做的事情的一种关心。 How long are you staying in Toronto?你将在多伦多呆多长时间?二、现在进行时的构成及形式肯定句: 主语 + be +现在分词 +否定句: 主语+be + not+现在分词+一般疑问句: be +主语+现在分词+?一般疑问句的回答: Yes, 主语+be的相应形式 No, 主语+am not/ isnt/ arent.特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词(作主语)+be +现在分词+? 特殊疑问词+be+主语+现在分词+?I am playing football now. I am not playing football now.-Are you playing football now? Yes, I am./ No, Im not.What are you doing now?动词现在分词的构成:(1) 一般在动词的词尾加-ing。 如：pour pouring(2) 以不发音e结尾的去掉e，再加-ing。 如：write writing(3) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing。 如：begin beginning:注意：lie lying die dying tie tying prefer preferring三、一般现在时和现在进行时的区别:1一般现在时表示目前经常发生,习惯性的动作,表示客观事实,表示主语目前的特征,姿势和能力等；而现在进行时则表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。2一般现在时表示“存在状况”时，常可采用表示状态的动词，如：be，keep，remain，stay，exist，have等，而这些动词一般很少用于现在进行时。This rule remains to be discussed. 这条规定仍需讨论。She has a strong accent of an American. 她带有浓重的美国口音。3以here，there等开头的句子，说明正在发生的动作，谓语动词不用进行时，而用一般现在时。Look out！There comes a fierce dog. 小心,来了条凶狗。Listen！There goes the first bell. 听，预备铃响了。4表示动作意义的动词，必须是习惯性的，经常性的动作或是一般性的行为才能使用一般现在时，而这种动词在现在进行时中则往往表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。Light travels much faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快多了。I sometimes work until dawn. 我有时工作到黎明。5有些词（如taste，smell，sound，look等）在一般现在时中是连系动词，而在现在进行时中则为行为动词。Im looking at the picture by Picasso. It looks really nice.我正在看毕加索的画，它看起来太棒了。The police dog is smelling the trace of the thief. 警犬正在嗅小偷的踪迹。6在时间，条件状语从句中，将来的动作须用一般现在时来表示。If you fail again, I suggest you not lose heart.如果你再次失败，我劝你不要灰心。练习：1.