新视野第2版第1册UNIT 6教案.doc

Teaching Plan for Unit 6Course：College English InstructorModuleUnit 6 A TheTrashmam; B The Company ManTime180mTeaching AidsMulti-mediaTeaching Objectives1. To help the students have a good understanding of the passages in this unit；2. To help the students grasp the usages of some important words, phrases and expressions in the unit；3. To enable the students to analyze the structure of the 2 passages in this unit；4. To introduce the basic reading skills of this unit：Understanding idiomatic expressions, in order for the students to achieve truly effective communication; 5. To help the students master how to use examples to illustrate his statements or viewpoints；Chief Points & Difficult Points1. Get the main idea of the passage.2. Master some useful expressions & sentence structure in the passage.3. Understand the structure of the text.PrerequisitesBefore coming for class, students should 1. identify some important words for the topic.2. scan the text for main ideas.3. visit library to research about information concerning the unit.Teaching MethodsThe mixture of listening, speaking, reading, practicing and writingReference BooksTeachers Book of New Horizon College English Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (English-Chinese) Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese DictionaryLongman Dictionary of American EnglishTeaching ContentsTime AllotmentSection A I. Warm-up Activity1. Topic Discussion i. Students Discussionii. Teachers Summary2. Questions on the Topic and the PassageII. Background InformationIII. Text Structure AnalysisIV. Structured WritingV. Detailed Study of the Text i. Words and Phrases Studyii. Language Points VI. Text Summary1. Students Presentation2. Teachers SummaryVIIAfter-text A ExercisesSection BI. Reading SkillII. Warm-up Activity 1. Topic Discussion2. Questions on the Topic and the PassageIII. Text Structure AnalysisIV. Text Study 1. Paragraph Meaning2. Words and Phrases Study3. Language Points4. Summary or Main Idea of the Passagei. Students Presentationii. Teachers SummaryV. New Words Dictation VI. After-text B ExercisesVIISupplementary exercises15m5m10m 5m50m5m30m5m10m5m20m5m15mAssignments1. Hand in the exercise of TRANSLATION.2. Finish the other after-text A & B exercises after class.3. Supplementary Exercisesi. English-Chinese Translation （5 sentences）ii. Chinese-English Translation （10 sentences）4. Preview Unit 7Section A The TrashmanI. Warm-up Activity1. Topic Discussion i. Students Discussion 1) Why did the man enjoy doing the work of collecting garbage? Because it was good exercise, and it wasnt as dirty as he had expected.ii. Teachers SummaryEver since ancient times, human beings have learned how to deal with large amount of garbage in urban areas. As early as the second century BC, Chinese had established a workforce that gathered garbage in its major cities. In the United States, Benjamin Franklin was the first to implement sanitation services in the form of street cleaning and some trash removal during the 1700s in Philadelphia. Today, most governments in the world manage their own waste management services. The employees who collect garbage are called trashman. The writer, finally, concludes that society should have respected for both economist and trashmen; otherwise, they will both leave garbage behind.2. Questions on the Topic and the Passage 1) Why did the man take the work picking up garbage? He took the work for money.2) What did the trashman think he should do when he made the rounds on Saturday?He thought there would be more exchanges between him and the people he offers service.3) How did people respond in most cases when the trashman said hello to them?Most often they either said nothing or stared at him in surprise.4) How did the trashman think of his job later?He thought his job was as necessary as that of a police officer or a fire fighter.5) Why did the trashman change his mind to stay at the job?Because he thought the job was good for him and necessary for people. II. Background Information1. I.Q. stands for intelligence quotient. Intelligence refers to how effective ones mental ability is, including the abilities to understand, learn, recall, think and reason. Quotient is the figure that results when one quantity is divided by another. The IQ or intelligence quotient is the score that results when a person takes an established test of short tasks designed to measure mental ability. The score at age level or mental age compared to the actual age gives the IQ score. An average IQ score is 100. IQ scores may range from a low of 40 to a high of 160 resulting in the terms low or high intelligence. 2. John William Gardner, (October 8, 1912February 16, 2002), President of the Carnegie Corporation, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare under President Lyndon Johnson, was subsequently the founder of two influential national U.S. organizations, Common Cause and Independent Sector, as well as the author of numerous books on improving leadership in American society and other subjects. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964. Gardners term as Secretary of HEW was at the height of Johnsons Great Society Domestic agenda. During this tenure, the Department undertook both the huge task of launching Medicare, which brought quality health care to senior citizens, and oversaw a massive investment in education with the passage of the landmark Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 that redefined the federal role in education and targeted funding to poor students. Gardner also presided over the creation of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. In 1970, Gardner created Common Cause, the first non-profit public interest group in the United States.3. Brooklyn Dodgers: It is a name of one baseball team. In 1955, Brooklyn Dodgers won World Series against longtime rival New York Yankees. In 1957, Dodgers played their last game at Ebbets Field, and then left for California and became L.A. Dodgers. 4. Tashman: People can be especially sensitive about their work, especially if they believe their job is not respected by the society. Trashmen, also called garbagemen or garbage collectors, sometimes prefer to be called “sanitation engineers” or “environmental engineers”. These terms make their work seem more important. III. Text Structure AnalysisThe passage is a first person narrative in form of a diary about the experiences of being a trashman. It is made up of four parts.Part One (Para 1-3): The introduction. Paragraph 1 tells us who they are and what kind of work they are doing. Paragraph 2 introduces collecting trash as a dull job; Paragraph 3 is what the trashman has thought about the greetings they would receive from the people they serve for.Part Two (Para 4-11): What the writer and Steve experienced during their exchanges with the local people. Paragraphs 4 to 6 are about what the writer encountered when he greeted other people. He was shocked by the way people responded to his warm greetings. Here the writer lists some examples to prove his point. Paragraphs 7 to 11 are about what Steve felt about peoples responses to them. More examples are provided to show that people treat trashmen as monsters and look down on them. Parents even tell their children to stay away from trashmen because they think trashmen are dirty.Part Three (Para 12-13): In this part, the writer explains his attitude in face of the cold responses from the people they served. He will continue to work as a trashman as he thinks that the exercise is great and that he is becoming better at it. He will also continue to greet the people he meets during his work. In addition, he believes he is making his country cleaner every day. . Part Four (Para 14): By quoting John Gardner, the writer comes to a conclusion that trashmen are important just as economists and that trashmen and economists deserve equal respect from the society. (Turn to page 141 and do the exercise 11. Now fill in the same kind of chart for paragraph eight and nine, identifying the general statements and the examples to support it.)IV. Structured WritingA Paragraph of a General Statement Supported by ExamplesThe passage is a first person narrative in form of a diary about the experiences of being a trashman. The writer uses examples to illustrate his statements or viewpoints. Exemplification is one of the common ways to support ones viewpoints/ideas, etc. We have Paragraphs 5 and 6 as a sample of exemplification.Viewpoint: Reactions to my greetings showed that people werent often friendly.Viewpoint: Reactions to my greetings showed that people werent often friendlyExample 1:Occasionally, I got a direct reply from someone who looked me in the eye, smiled and responded.Example 2:But most often the response was either nothing at all or a surprised stare because I had spoken.Example 3:One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house. At the sound of my greeting, she gathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated quickly indoors.Example 4:Another woman had a huge, peculiar animal in her yard. I asked what it was. She stared at me. She seemed frightened as she turned coldly away.V. Detailed Study of the Texti. Words & Phrases Study1. trash: n. waste matter; rubbish 垃圾，废物Now it is a common problem for most big cities how to dispose of their trash properly. 现在，如何妥善处理垃圾的问题成为大部分大城市的共同难题。In American English, the words trash and garbage are most commonly used to refer to waste material that is thrown away. 在美国英语中，trash 和garbage 最常用来指丢弃的废物。扩展 trashman n. 垃圾清运工2. haul: vt. pull or move sth. from one place to another （硬）拖，拉；拖运A crane had to be used to haul the car out the stream.必须用吊车把汽车拉出小河。So many American high officials have pledged to haul Ben Laden into the court. 这么多美国高官都已发誓要把本拉登送上法庭。3. solid: adj. without breaks, continuous 连续不断的，无间断的He waited three solid hours before Sophie came. 他等了整整三小时，索非亚才来。The solid shots of firecrackers split the dead night. 连续不断的爆竹声撕碎了深夜的宁静。For the next two hours they worked solidly on his new song.接下来的两个小时他们一直在为他创作新歌。3. continuous adj. happening or existing without stopping 连续的，不断的The continuous rain ruined our holiday and we had to work out a new plan. 淫雨把我们的假日，我们必须重新制定计划。A continuous stream of phone calls made her upset. 一连串不间断的电话搞得她心烦意乱。同义辨析 continuous, continual, constant这组词汇都是形容词，有“连续的”，“持续不断的”的意思，但在用法上有区别。continuous 语气最强，指连续发生，没有中断，但可能持续一段时间后才停下来；也可指空间的连绵不断而成一片。 Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and change. 宇宙万物不断发展和变化。The road lay ahead of him, a continuous grey.一条灰白的小路展现在他的面前，一眼望不到头。A continuous beach is exposed to the continual beating of the waves. 连绵不断的海岸经受着波浪的频繁冲击。continual 在相当长的一段时期内某事多次发生，“时断时续”，经常重复。The continual trouble on the frontier has brought great disasters to the two peoples. 边界上屡露出事，给两国人民带来了巨大灾难。There have been continual demands to cut the costs on college education.一直有人要求消减大学教育的费用。constant 可用来指某事以同样的方式不断出现，而在性质上、程度上缺乏变化，“时常发生”。The signals go to and fro at a very high but almost constant speed. 信号传送速度很快，但稳定不变。Three days of constant work made us tired. 三天不间断的劳动使我们都累了。4. wicked adj. extremely bad or evil 极坏的，邪恶的She described the shooting as a wicked attack. 她认为枪击是邪恶的攻击。The wicked weather in the earthquake-struck region made the rescue work extremely difficult.地震灾区的恶劣天气使得救援工作极其困难。5. occasion n. 1) a time when something happens 时刻，时候There are occasions when you must not refuse. 有时候你绝对不能拒绝。I cant recall the occasion, but Ive met her before. 我以前碰到过她，但记不起来是在什么场合。2）an important event, ceremony, or celebration 重大活动（仪式），盛会The Olympic Opening is definitely an important social occasion.无疑，奥运会开幕式是一次重要的社交聚会。3）an opportunity for doing something 机会The Spring Festival is an occasion for all the family to reunion.春节可是全家人团圆的好时机。The girls valued this nature study as an occasion for lazy walk and idle picnics. 姑娘们可把这次博物课看作懒散信步，轻松野餐的好机会。扩展 occasional adj. 偶然的，并非经常的occasionally adv. 偶然；偶尔on occasion 有时同义辨析 occasion, chance, opportunity三个词汇都表示“机会”，“机遇”，但各词都有其侧重点。occasion 属一般用语，指社交活动的时机合适，着重某个明确的时机所提供的“良机”，如节日、盛典等。 The nation flag are hung out on suitable occasion. 在适当的时候，国旗会悬挂起来。On the occasion of the Spring Festival, may you enjoy health, happiness and every success！ 值此春节之际，谨祝您健康、幸福、万事如意！6.tremble vi. shake slightly 颤抖，发抖She trembled continuously as she went into the dark house in the woods.她走进林中黑漆漆的房子，一直颤抖着。He felt the earth tremble under him. 他感觉到脚底下在摇晃。The old ladys hands trembled as she produced her passport. 老太太出示护照的时候两手颤颤微微。同义辨析 tremble, shake, quiver, shivertremble 指一种不能控制的、轻微的、快速的、连续不断的颤抖，可以指人因寒冷、愤怒、恐惧等引起的身体、声音振颤，发抖。Her voice was trembling with anger.由于愤怒，她讲话时声音颤抖起来。The boy trembled with fear when he saw the bear. 那男孩看到熊时吓得直抖。shake 是常用词，指任何一种剧烈的、不规则的摇动，可以指人由于感情激动、寒冷、惧怕而身体颤抖。Every once in a while in some part of the world or another the ground suddenly shakes. 每隔一段时间，在世界上的某个地区，大地会突然发生震动。She shook sand out of her shoes after walking across the sand.她走过沙滩后，抖掉了鞋子里的沙子。quiver 指类似琴弦震动那样不易察觉的抖动，较快速，可指人由于激动或兴奋而颤抖。He tried to steady his fingers, but they quivered uncontrollably.他想稳住手指，可它们不听使唤，还在颤抖。The leaves quivered in the breeze. 树叶在微风中抖动。shiver 指自主的肌肉颤抖，短暂而轻微，尤其是指因为体弱多病、寒冷、惧怕引起的颤抖。常和with, at等搭配。She shivered at the thought of going into the dark house alone.想到要独自走进那黑房子，她不寒而栗。He was shivering with his face white, and he walked slowly as though it ached to move.他全身哆嗦，脸色苍白，步履缓慢，好像一动就会引起疼痛。7. dump: vt. drop carelessly, throw away 倾倒Just dump everything useless over there. Ill sort it out later. 先把没用的东西都堆在那边，我等会儿再整理。The truck dumped its load of sand on the driveway. 卡车将沙子卸在车道上8. route n. a way from one place to another 路线The police have cut off all the escape routes from the city and they will capture the suspect soon.警察已经切断这座城市的所有逃跑路线，他们很快就会捕获嫌疑人。My son has a newspaper route. He delivers the morning paper. 我儿子有划定的送报区域，他送晨报。扩展 routine n. 日常工作，例行公事，惯例；老一套He started the daily routine at once when he entered the office. 一进办公室，他就照常工作。Dont give me that brotherly-love routine. 别跟我奢谈兄弟般情谊的老话。9. exchange: n. a short conversation 交谈The boy would wait quietly when his mother makes exchanges with neighbors. 妈妈和邻居交谈的时候，这小男孩能静静等待。Congressional exchanges are sometimes angry and heated. 国会辩论有时怒气冲冲，言词激烈。He became involved in an ugly exchange with Simon. 他和西蒙大吵了一场。10. outdoors: adv. outside; in the open air 在户外；在野外It is good to you to do some exercise outdoors in the fresh air. 在室外运动运动，呼吸新鲜空气，对你有好处。It was warm enough to be outdoors all afternoon. 天气很暖和，在外面呆一下午也没关系。11. approach 1) v. come near 靠近，接近Something approaching intergeneration warfare could break out. 有可能爆发某种类似非同代人之间斗争的冲突。As winter approaches the weather is becoming colder.冬天渐进，天气冷起来了。2) n. way, path, road 道路，通道；方法All the approaches to the Palace were guarded by soldiers. 所有通往王宫的道路都有士兵把守。We can see two basic approaches to the problem: positive or negative.我们发现有解决这个问题的两种基本方式：要么积极的，要么消极的。扩展 approachable adj. of the quality to be approached 可接近的，和蔼的The house on the mountain is approachable only on foot. 山上的那座房子只能靠步行才能到达。She impressed us with her modest and approachable manner. 她谦虚和蔼的态度给我们印象深刻。12. lengthy: adj. too long 冗长的They solved the problems after several lengthy talks. 几经长时间交谈，他们才解决了问题。His answer fell into a lengthy explanation. 他的回答演变成了冗长的解释。13.civilize vt. make somebody behave in a more polite way 使有教养，使文明What does the play do to civilize the audience? 这出戏如何教化观众？Columbus discovered the New World while the Puritans civilized the continent. 哥伦布发现新大陆，清教徒在那传播文明。The rough husband has been civilized by his wife. 粗鲁的丈夫已由妻子教育得文雅了。14. case: n. a situation that exists 事实；事例；情景The reporter offered a series of concrete cases to make him understood. 报告人列举了系列实例，让大家明白他的意思He is lying! Actually, that is not the case. 他撒谎！事实不是那样的。扩展 in case of 如果in any case 不管怎样15. register v.1) realize or notice something 意识到；注意到Her beauty was registered much in the guests memory at the party. 她的美貌给晚会的宾客印象深刻。He told me he was married but Im afraid it didnt register. 他告诉我他已经结婚了, 不过我想当时我并未把这事记在心上。2) put ones name on a list 登记，注册，记录I have registered three English classes for next term. 下学期我已注册选读三门英语课。Foreign visitors must with the state officials on entering the country. 外国旅客一入境就必须办理登记。16. normal adj. in agreement with what is representative, usual, regular 正常的It demands great wits to maintain normal diplomatic relations between powers in this complicated situation. 在如此复杂的形势下，要维持大国间的正常外交关系需要大智慧。She braced herself to lead a normal life. 她振作起来去过正常生活。He received four years of normal education at college. 他在大学受了四年正规教育。扩展 abnormal adj. 畸形的17. human adj. having, showing the qualities that distinguish man 有人性的，有人情味的His cruelty suggests that he is less than human. 他的残忍表明他缺乏人性。To err is human. 犯错误，人皆难免。（凡夫俗子，孰能无过。）18. response n. 1) answer 回答，回应，回复My letter of inquiry brought no response. 我的询问信始终没有回音。The teacher made a quick response to the inquiry from the freshmen. 老师很快就回复了新生们的咨询。2）reaction 反应Marys appeal to her pity met with no/little/some response. 玛丽向她求情，可她没有（很少、有点）反应。My words called forth no response in the students breast. 我的话没在学生心里产生反应。扩展 respond v. 回答，作答，答复，回应responsible adj. 应负责任的，有责任的responsibility n. 责任，职责，任务19. startle vt. give a shock of surprise to; cause to move or jump：使惊愕，使吃惊She was startled to see him looking so ill. 看到他病倒这地步，她大为震惊。I yelled in my dream, which startled my roommate out of his sleep. 我梦中的喊叫声惊醒了同屋伙伴。20. tight adj. fastened, fixed, f