新编英语课堂教学用语.doc

新编英语课堂教学用语(二)天津市武清区大良中学青年英语教师 徐志秋目前，随着我国中小学英语教学开始进入一个全新的高速的发展时期，课堂教学中更加强调对英语口语的应用，而其中英语课堂用语的使用频率很高，为适应新形势下对英语课堂教学管理的发展要求，满足教学法课程的教学需要，我精心准备并查阅相关资料，编写了该篇文章。本文语言准确规范地道、简明实用，具有针对性，可供在校师范生、实习生（trainee teachers）和中小学教师（in-service teachers）参考使用。如有不足之处， 还望各位同仁批评指正。谢谢。Listening 听力Lets listen to the tape now. 现在让我们听录音。First of all, listen to the conversation. 首先听会话。Now youll hear the conversation. 现在你们听会话。What you will hear is a conversation. 你们将听到的是一段对话。You can hear the sentences on the tape. 你们可以听到磁带上的句子。 Here goes. 开始听了。Off we go then. Here it comes.The tape recorder seems to be broken.这部录音机好像有毛病了。Theres / There seems to be something wrong with this tape recorder。The recorder isnt working properly.这部录音机不能正常运转。I have / seem to have brought the wrong tape. 我拿错/好像拿错了录音带。Well have to do something else, Im afraid.恐怕我们不得不上别的什么内容了。Theres nothing we can do about it.对于这个我们没有办法。Put this plug in the socket over there.把这个插头插到那边的插座上。Can you all hear ? 你们能听得见吗？Is it clear enough ? 完全清楚吗？Is the sound clear enough ?声音够清楚吗？Is the volume all right ?音量行吗？Can you hear at the back ?你们在后面听得见吗？If you cant hear, come a bit nearer. 如果你们听不到，走近一点。Is that better ? 这样好一点了吗？Ive got too much treble and not enough bass. 我把音调调得太高了，低音还调得不够。Ill just find the place. 我来找出要听的部分。Wait a moment / second / minute, Ill just rewind the tape. 等一会儿，我来把录音带倒回来。Let me just find the beginning again. 让我找出录音的开始部分。Look at the questions while I find the place. 你们先看问题，我来找这段录音。Im sorry about the mix-up over the tapes. 很遗憾，录音带不清楚。Ill try not to let it happen again. 我尽量不让这种情况再发生。Listen again. 再听一遍。Lets listen to it once more / once again. 让我们把这个再听一遍。Now well listen to it again. 现在我们把这个再听一遍。Well stop here / there for a moment. 我们在这里/那里停一会儿。Before we go on, Ill ask you some questions. 在继续听之前，我将向你们提一些问题。 Listen and repeat. 先听，然后跟着复述。All together, after the tape. 全体同学跟着录音朗读。Repeat after the tape. 跟着录音朗读。Just listen. Dont say anything. 静听，不要说话。Listen but dont write anything. 听，但不要做笔记。Listen carefully to the instructions. 仔细听听要求。As you listen, fill in the missing words. 边听边填充缺少的单词。While you listen / are listening, answer question 3. 在你们听的同时，回答第3个问题。While listening mark your answer sheet. 你们边听边在答卷上标出正确答案。Before listening, read through the questions. 在听录音之前，先把问题看一遍。Before listening again, familiarize yourselves with the questions.在重听录音之前，你们要熟悉这些问题。Now I have a pop song for you.现在我给你们听一首流行歌曲。Listen to the words of the song. 请听歌词。Translation 翻译Comment on Mr. Greens translation.请对格林先生的翻译提意见。His translation is not faithful enough to the original. 他的翻译对原文不够忠实。He made a few slips in the version.他的译文有些小错。Who can translate this sentence better ? 谁能把这个句子译得好些？Who can give a better translation of this sentence ? Who can give a better version ? Is there another way of translating this sentence ? 还有别的译法吗？Please read your version. You may have translated this sentence in different way. 把你的译文读一下，可能你有不同的译法。Dont translate word for word. 不要逐字死译。Dont translate it literally.If you wish to translate well, you must know both languages well.如果你要翻译得好，必须精通两种语言。Exercises 练习Lets try it aloud before you write it down. 在笔头做这个练习之前，先让我们口头试做一下。Well do the exercise orally. 我们将以口头形式做这个练习。First we shall ask each other questions. Then one student will sum up the lesson.我们先相互提问题，然后请一位同学总结课文。After the question one student will retell the story.提问后要请一位同学复述课文。What questions can you ask about this sentence / text ? 对这个句子/课文可以提什么问题？Ask one of the other students a question on this paragraph. 对这段提一个问题，请另一个同学回答。Have your questions ready. You are to ask each other questions today. 准备好问题，今天你们互相提问。Can you ask a question this way ? 可以这样提问吗？Is there any other way of asking a question ? 还可怎样提问题？Have the questions been asked correctly ? 提得对吗？Please answer the questions without looking at your books. 请回答问题，不要看书。Use the third person when you answer this question. 用第三人称回答这个问题。Perhaps one of you can answer this question. Who will do it ? Please raise your hands. 可能你们中间有人能回答这个问题。谁愿意回答？请举手。Please listen carefully and see whether his answer is correct ?请仔细听他回答得对不对。Can you improve on his answer ? 你能把他的回答改进一下吗？You should use complete sentences in answering questions. 应该用完整的句子来回答。The student beside him / sitting next to him / seated next to him, please help him. 坐在他旁边的同学，请帮助他一下。Mary, do you think Toms answer is right ? 玛丽，你认为汤姆的回答正确吗？Did you hear his answer clearly 他的回答你听懂了吗？He did not understand the question. Thats why his answer was not to the point. 他没听懂问题，所以回答得不对。I think we should answer the question this way我想这个问题应该这样回答。Please retell the content of this short essay briefly. 请将这篇短文的内容作简单的复述。Tell us the content / the main points of this lesson in your own words. 用你自己的话把这篇课文的内容 / 要点讲出来。Please give the general idea of the lesson according to the outline. 请按提纲讲出课文大意。Tell us what you know about the content of the text you have read. 就你所知把有关读过的这篇文章内容给我们讲一下。Please give the main idea of each paragraph. 请把每段的主要意思讲一下。What sub-topic / sub-heading can be used for this section ? 这一部分可以用什么标题？What is the central idea of this section ? 这一部分的中心思想是什么？What does the first part describe ? 文章的第一部分描述些什么？Please explain the whole paragraph in simple terms. 请把整段用浅显的语言解释。Can you say this more briefly, in just one or two sentences. 你能讲得更简单些，用一两句话来说明吗？Please point out all the inaccuracies in Janes explanation. 请把珍妮解释得不准确的地方指出来。Any comments on Alices description ? 对爱丽斯的描述有意见吗 ？Today we have oral drill. Please look at the picture and the key words on page 87. You are expected to say a short paragraph about the picture. Look, boys and girls. Here is a picture of Xuan Wu Hu park. Please describe it, using the words and phrases you have learned in this lesson.今天做口头练习。请看第87页的图画讲一小段话。同学们看，这是一副玄武湖公园的图画。请你们描述一下，要用这课书里学到的单词和短语。Today we have aural training. I shall play you recorder. Please listen carefully, and then try to say what you have heard. 今天我们进行听力训练。我给你们放录音。请仔细听，然后把听到的作口头复述。Now we shall have our conversation class. 现在上会话课。Who will be the first to speak ? 谁先发言？Ill ask two students to give up a dialogue about the weather. 我要请两个同学作一个有关天气的对话。Dont speak too fast. Speak slowly. 不要说得太快，说慢一点。Please give us all the details.请说出所有细节。 Describe it in detail. 详细描述。Now talk about yourself in the same way. 现在用同样的方式谈谈你自己。Now say what you enjoy doing, using the idea below. 现在用下面的意思谈谈你喜欢做什么。Use these ideas to practice similar conversation. 用这些想法进行相似的会话。Now you make some suggestions, beginning with How about? 现在你提一些建议，用How about?开始。First, lets listen to the dialogue, then we shall do it in pairs. After that, you can change roles. 首先，让我们听一段对话，然后分成两人一组做练习。接着你们可以调换角色。Dont go into details. Make it short and simple. 不必详述，简单扼要说一下。Can you sum it up in a few words ? 你可以用几句话来总结一下吗？English people do not talk in this way. 英国人不是这样说的。Your sentence is not idiomatic English, though it is not wrong grammatically.你的句子不合英语习惯，虽然语法没错。You must learn to speak good English. 你应该学习说好的英语。You must learn to speak more fluently. 你应该学习说得流利些。Dont feel shy. You must learn to speak in public.不要怕羞。必须学会当众说话。If you practice speaking in public regularly, I am sure you will overcome your nervousness.如果你经常练习当众说话，我相信你会克服紧张情绪的。The more you practice, the better you speak.越多练习，越说得好。If you want to improve your English, you must always try to speak English. 如果你要提高英语，你必须经常多讲英语。Written Exercises 笔头练习Rewrite the text youve learned.改写刚学过的课文。Write a summary of the text.写一篇课文摘要。Write a short passage using these words.用这些词写一段话。Write a composition of about 150 words. 写一篇约150 字的作文。You can use a dictionary while writing. 写的时候可以用词典。Write a composition of about 120 words on one of the following subjects.就下面题目中的一个写一篇大约120字的作文。 Write a composition about what youve learned from learning English.写一篇作文谈谈学习英语的收获。Write a composition on your study of the article Serve the People.写一篇作文谈谈学习“为人民服务”一文的体会。You must make a plan / an outline before writing.写作文之前应该先拟一个提纲。Make a draft first, then copy it into our exercise-book. 写作文之前应该先打草稿，然后抄到本子上。Write a composition on the topic Environment Protection in China in three paragraphs. You are given the first sentence of each paragraph. You are supposed to write on from there. Note that your composition should be no less than 120 words.以“中国的气候”为题写一篇三段内容的作文。按每段所给的第一句或第一句的部分内容往下写。注意作文不得少于120字。1） China is a large country. 中国的气候2） I prefer the climate of the 。我喜欢。的气候3） With modern technology。随着现代技术。Write a summary of this story.写这个故事的摘要。Write a paragraph summarizing the idea of the text.写一段短文，概括课文的大意。 Rewrite the story in the first person.用第一人称改写这篇故事。Write a simple / brief outline of the text.根据课文写一个简短的提纲。Start each paragraph on a new line. 每段要另起一行。Indent the first line of each paragraph. 每段第一行开头要空格。Write an answer to your friends letter. 写一封回信给你的朋友。一行Summarize the passage in not more than 100 words.写出这篇文章的大意，不要超过100字。Make sentences, using the substitutes. 用替换词造句。Will you make a sentence after the model ?请按范例造句。Write on every other line / alternate lines.隔行写。You should pay more attention to your handwriting.你应注意书写。Leave more space between words.注意字与字的间隔多一些。Your letters should be connected.字母应该连起来写。You must dot the is and cross the ts.必须在i上加点，t上加横道。Now, concentrate, and try to do perfect work with no mistakes.要集中注意力，不要写错。Now Ill read the passage sentence by sentence. Please write carefully.现在我按句子读这篇短文，请留心听。Please go over what you have written. Ill read the material once more slowly. Some students may have left out certain words. If so, fill them in.请把写好的仔细检查一遍。我把材料再慢慢读一遍。可能有些同学漏写了一些词，如果有漏掉的，请填进去。Check your dictation. Ill read the whole story once more.检查一下你们的听写，我把整个故事再读一遍。You must write neatly.要写得整洁。You must keep your exercise-books clean and tidy.要保持本子干净整洁。Today you will write a composition on How to Improve My English in class.今天在这节课上要以“如何提高我的英语水平”为题写一篇作文。This is a common mistake made by Chinese students. Dont make the same mistake in your work again.这是中国学生常犯的错误。你们不要在作业中犯同样的错误。Well, that mistake is excusable. Perhaps it is my fault; I didnt emphasize that point in the previous class.这个错误还可以原谅。也许是我的过错；我没有在上一节课强调这一点。Rewrite the passage, correctly punctuated.重写这一节，正确地加标点。Write the verbs in brackets in their correct forms.把括号里的动词写成正确的时态形式。Change these sentences in the same way as the example.仿照例句改写这些句子。Write sentences to explain the following words.写出句子来解释下列单词。Write appropriate answers to the following questions.写出下列问题的适当答案。Write out the following numbers in full.完整地写出下列数字。Next, I would like you to 接着我想要你们。To finish off with, you can do some writing.最后，你们可以做一些笔头练习。Lets turn to something a little less serious for a moment. 让我们暂时改做一些比较轻松的练习。Giving Examples 举例Cars, for example, use a lot of petrol. 例如，汽车要消耗大量汽油。Let me give you an example.让我给你举个例子。Phrasal verbs, such as get up, catch up with, etc. are most useful.短语动词，像get up, catch up with等都是很有用的。Take traffic in modern cities for instance, its one side-effect of civilization.以现代城市的交通为例，这是文明的一个副作用。Films like Gone with the Wind, Waterloo Bridge, etc., are all famous Western films.像飘、魂断蓝桥等都是著名的西方影片。Some people are very philosophical. Like the Germans, for example.有些人非常富有哲理性，比如德国人就是这样。What about disco ? Its popular in Western countries.比方说迪斯科舞，它在西方国家非常流行。Allow me to cite an example.允许我举一个例子。Let me cite a few instances: orange, bananas, pineapples, etc., are all fruit from the south.让我举几个例子：橘子、香蕉、菠萝等都是南方产的水果。Let me take an example: staff relations are much more complex. 让我举个例子：工作人员之间的关系要复杂得多。Take the case of television, it has a very good influence on people.以电视为例，它对人们有很好的影响。To exemplify what I mean, let us look at our annual export of crude oil.为举例说明我的意思，让我们看看我们每年的原油出口。To give you an example of this, take modern linguistics for instance.我们以现代语言学为例，来给你们证实这方面的情况。To illustrate my point let us consider the case of Bush.为用实例阐述我的论点，我们来考虑一下布什的情况。An example of this would be: in 2002 our export increased by 20%.这方面的一个例子就是：2002年我们的出口增加了百分之二十。The increase of production is evidence of that. 生产增长就是这方面的例证。Explaining & Outlining 说明与概括 This is the way well do it.这就是我们要做练习的方法。This is how we shall do it. 这就是我们怎样做练习的方法。I would like you to do it in the following way.我想你们按下列方法去做。Could you do it this way / like this ? 请你们这样做/像这样做。Try to do it the way we did it last time. 按我们上次做的方法试着做。Do it the same way as last time.像上次的方法一样去做。What we shall do is this.我们要做的是这个。Let me explain what I want you to do.让我说明一下我要你们做什么。Before you begin, let me tell you how I want you to do it.开始做之前，让我告诉你们怎样做。The idea of this exercise is to这个练习的意思是。The idea behind this is for you to ask questions.其用意是要你们提问。The idea is that you use the conditional.其用意是要你们运用条件从句。The purpose of this is (for you) to practise the future.这个练习的目的是要你们练习将来时。What this exercise is trying to do is (to) make you think.这个练习要达到的目的是要你们思索。The point of the second exercise is for you to ask me some questions.第二练习的目的是要你们向我提出一些问题。You can spend ten minutes on this.你们可以用10分钟做这个。You have five minutes to complete this.你们用5分钟来完成这个。Ill give you until ten past nine to finish this off.把这项练习做完，我给你们的时间是到9点50分为止。Youll have to stop in two minutes / two minutes time.两分钟后必须停止。Dont spend more than a few minutes (in) doing / on this.用几分钟的时间做这个练习就够了。Check the Answers 核对答案Ill return your tests now.现在我把测验试卷发还给你们。Ill give you your tests back and we can go through them together.我将把测验试卷发还给你们，我们可以一起查看一下。Lets check the answers.让我们核对一下答案。Lets run through the answers quickly.让我们很快地对一下答案。Check your answers on page 100.请核对100页上的答案。Whats the answer to number 5 ?第2题的答案是什么？How does the first one go ?第1题的答案怎样？What have you got for number 6 ?第6题你们得出的答案是什么？What do you have for question 7 ?第7个问题的答案是什么？What have you put / written / marked for question 15 ?第15题你们填了/写了/勾了什么？Lets go on to number 12.让我们接下去做第12题。And the next one, please, John ?约翰，请你做下一题。What about the last one, Bill ?比尔，你来做最后一题怎么样？Could somebody read out what he put for number 16 ?有谁愿意把填入第16题的答案读出来？Has anybody got anything for the last one ?最后一题有谁做好了吗？What is your answer ?你的答案是什么？How did you get on ?你做得怎样？Mark your own.请自己打分。Change papers with someone / your neighbour / partner.与他人/邻座/伙伴交换试卷。Give yourself one point for every correct answer.每答对一题，你给自己记一分。Two points for every one right.每答对一题记两分。Take off a point for every one (you got) wrong.每答错一题扣一分。Count up your points.把你们的分数加起来。How many did you get right / wrong ?你们做对了/做错了多少？Did anybody get them all right ?有谁全都做对的？What was your score ?你得多少分？How many points did you score ?Anybody with one mistake ? Two mistakes ?有谁只有一个错？两个错的？I didnt count it as a mistake if you put big.如果你用big，我认为这不是一个错误。I didnt take any points off if you forgot to put a comma here.如果你忘了在这里点个逗号，我也不扣分。What mark did get last time ?上次你得了几分？You lost a mark if you put huge.如果你用huge就丢一分。Mark your own tests.请你自己给试卷打分。Mark the right answer with a tick.给正确的答案划勾。Giving Assignments 布置作业Have you all handed in your exercise books?你们都交练习本了吗？Monitor, have you collected all the exercise books?班长，练习本收齐了吗？Yes, here they are. 是的，（本子）已收齐了。No, not yet. Some students have not finished yet.没有， 还没收齐， 有的同学还没做完作业。Li Ming left his exercise book at home. He will hand it in this afternoon.李明把练习本忘在家里了，他下午交。Collect all the exercise books after class, and take them to my office, please.下课后请把作业本收齐，送到我的办公室。Here are your exercise books. Please give them out.这是你们的练习本，请发下去。Be sure to keep your exercise books neat and clean!练习本要保持整洁和干净。Dont smear your exercise book with ink.练习本别沾上墨水。Dont forget to bring your pen with you next time.下次别忘了把钢笔带来。You should have finished your homework. 你本应该把作业做完。Write the first and second questions of exercise IV on the blackboard.把练习四的第一、二题写在黑板上。For todays homework / assignment, you must make sentences with the following words , learn the text by heart and do the exercises on page 40.今天的家庭作业是，用下列单词/词组造句，背书，做40页上的练习。For your homework, please review the text carefully and be prepared for oral questioning / a test.关于家庭作业，请仔细复习课文，准备口头回答/测验。For your homework, write a letter to your parents telling them about your life at college. 家庭作业是，写一封信给你的父母亲，谈谈你的大学生活。No written work for today. The periods on Friday will be devoted to oral drill.今天没有笔头作业，星期五的课专门用来做口头练习。Learn the lesson thoroughly. You will be given a quiz on Wednesday.熟读课文，星期三有小测验。Learn the new words taught today. Be sure that you know their spelling, pronunciation and meaning.学会今天教的生词，要掌握拼法、发音和词义。Study the text carefully and be sure that you are able to translate it into idiomatic Chinese.仔细学习课文，必须能把课文译成通顺的汉语。Be ready to retell the story.准备复述课文。Learn by heart the passage beginning from paragraph 2 to paragraph 4.背诵第二至第四段。Learn the poem / dialogue by heart.背诵这首诗歌/这个对话。Every student must do his homework carefully and finish it in time.同学们都要认真做作业，并及时完成。You should take your work seriously.你们应该认真对待作业。You must review todays lesson before doing your homework.做作业前必须复习今天学的功课。Prepare the last two chapters for Monday.预习最后两章，星期一讲。Your homework for tonight is to prepare chapter 6.今晚的家庭作业是预习第六章。Prepare as far as / down to / up to page 20.预习到第25页。Im not going to set (you) any homework this time.这次我不打算布置家庭作业。Revise what we did today and then try exercise 4.先复习我们今天所学内容，然后试做练习。Go through this section again on your own at home.请你们在家里把这一节自己看一遍。This was your homework from last time.这是上次余下的家庭作业。You were supposed to do this exercise for homework.你们本该把这个练习作为你们的家庭作业。Finish this off at home.在家里完成这个作业。Finish the question youre working on at the moment, and do the rest at home.把你们正在做的那道题做完，其余的在家里做。There will be a test on this next week.下周五将对这个进行测验。I shall give you a test on these lessons sometime next week.在下周某个时候对这些课文/章节进行一次测验。Learn the vocabulary because I shall be giving you test on it in the nex