高中英语倒装句讲解.doc

module 3 literatureperiod3 grammar1 (3.26 2课时)一学习内容1.学习倒装句，并能熟练运用。二学习方法提前预习课本，预习新语法点知识点。语法：倒装句一、 简介1.定义：英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。有时为了语法结构的需要或是为了强调，若把谓语动词放在主语之前，主谓倒装，则构成倒装句。2、分类：1 完全倒装：如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装。 eg.there is a book on the table.2 部分倒装：如果只把助动词,情态动词或系动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。 eg. only in this way can we learn english well.二、讲解1. 完全倒装 通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，且主语是名词1 there be 句型：there be 句型中（be 还可以换成live，stand, lie, exist等表 示状态的动词）要用完全倒装。 eg. there stands a tall tree on the top of the hill. 2 以here, there开头的句子里，谓语是 come，go等不及物动词的 单个形式时。eg. there goes the bell. here are the books.等方向性副词开头的句子，需完全倒装。3 副词out, in, up, down, off, away, below, back以及now, then，thus开头的句 子里，谓语动词是come, go, be, run等不及物动词的单个形式时。eg. away hurried the boy. now comes your turn. up it flew. the door opened and in came our headmaster.4 表地点的介词短语位于句首(如：in the room, on the wall等)，谓语是be, stand, sit, lie等单个动词时，需完全倒装eg. in a lecture hall of a university in england sits a professor. around the lake are some tall tree.at the end of the valley lies a small lake.under the table sleeps a brown cat.5 形容词、过去分词或介词短语作表语置于句首时，表语+系动词+主语（如：such），需完全倒装。eg. such was albert einstein, a simple man and the 20th centurys greatest scientist.gone are the days when we enjoyed the happy time in the wood.seated on the ground are a group of young people.注意：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。2. 部分倒装1 so 用于肯定句，通常指前面所说的肯定情况也适合于其他人（或物）。其结构为： so + be ( do, have等其他助动词或情态动词) + 主语。译成汉语表示“也一样”，需倒装。eg. tom will go there next summer, and so will i. he can speak french. so can i. 2 nor, neither 用于否定句，通常指前面所说的否定情况也适合于其他人（或物）。其结构为：nor / neither + be ( do, have 等其他助动词或情态动词) + 主语。译成汉语表示“也不”，需倒装。 eg. he didnt see the film, neither did she. i dont enjoy singing, nor did i like computer games. she is not into music, nor am i.3 only修饰状语（副词、介词短语）或状语从句，且放在句首时eg. only in this way can we learn english well. only when i got there did i know the truth.only in the morning can you meet him.only him did i see yesterday.注意1.在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无情态动词，则须找助动词。 eg. only after the war did he learn the sad news.2. “only +状语从句”位于句首时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。eg.only when he returned did we find out the truth.3. only 修饰主语时，句子不可倒装eg. only he can answer the question.3 否定意义的词或短语，位于句首，需部分倒装。如否定词no, not, never, nor；半否定词hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, rarely, little, few；合成的代词或副词nobody, nothing, nowhere；否定的短语at no time, (决不，任何时候都不) not until, by no means（决不），in no way（决不），in no time（立刻，马上），under/in no circumstances(在任何情况下都不)。eg. no word did he say before he left.nowhere will you find better roses than theses.not until he went abroad did he know the truth.by no means shall we give up.little didi know about it.4 在含有were, had, should的if虚拟条件句中，省略if，将were, had, should移到句首，需部分倒装。 eg. had i had any money with me ,i could have lent you some . - if i had any money with me ,i could lend you some . were jack here, they would be able to solve the problem. - if jack were here, they would be able to solve the problem. should he fail in the experiment this time, he would try again. - if he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.5 not only (merely, alone, simply)(but) also 连接两个并列分句，前一分句需倒装。译为：“不仅而且”not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.not simply is this book interesting but also instructive.注意：not only you but also i（连接并列主语不倒装）will attend the meeting.6 neithernor连接两个并列分句，前后两个分句都倒装。译为：“不，也不”eg. neither did they write nor did they telephone.neither is he wrong nor are you.neither could i help you, nor could he.注意： neither you nor i（连接并列主语不倒装）like this book. 7 sothat和suchthat引导状语从句，当so或such提到句首时，主句需用倒装语序。 译为：“如此以至于”so后面句子要倒装，that后面句子不倒装eg. so interesting is that story that everyone wants to read it. so good a girl is she that we all like her. such a good girl is she that we all like her8 not until.“直到才” 位于句首，也可写成not.until.,如果为此句型，until后面的从句不可倒装eg. not until he returned did we have supper.9 as / though 当“虽然，即使”讲，引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序。其结构为：名词形容词 + as + 主语 + 动词（或情态动词）副词动词原形 eg. old as / though he is, he workslike a young man.much as i admire her, i cant forgive her faults.try again as / though he will, he cant succeed.in the classroom as / though he stays, he doesnt read his texts.注意：child as / though he is, he knows much about the society.（表语是单数可数名词，倒装时省略名词前的a/an）练习1. for a moment nothing happened. then all shouting together.a. voices had come b. came voices c. voices would come d. did voices come2. the computer was used in teaching. as a result, not only _, but students became more interested in the lessons.a. saved was teachers energy b. was teachers energy savedc. teachers energy was saved d. was saved teachers energy3. so sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape.a. did the attack b. the attack did c. was the attack d. the attack was4. little_about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.a. did rose care b. rose did care c. rose does care d. does rose caremodule 3 literature 课后巩固练习(4.9 1课时)5. not until i came home last night _ to bed.a. mum did go b. did mum go c. went mum d. mum went6. unsatisfied _with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.a. thoughwashe b. thoughhewas c. hewasthough d. washethough7. it was announced that only when the fire was under control _to return to their homes.a. the residents would be permitted b. had the residents been permittedc. would the residents be permitted d. the residents had been permitted8. only when i left my parents for italy _how much i loved them.a.i realized b.i had realized c. had i realized d. did i realize9. bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by jason，and _.a. i was neither b. neither was i c. i was either d. either was i10. how was the televised debate last night?super! rarely _ so much media attention.a. a debate attracted b. did a debate attractc. a debate did attract d. attracted a debate11. little_ that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.a. he realizedb. he didnt realize c. didnt he realize d. did he realize12. father，you promised!well, _ .but it was you who didnt keep your word first.a. so was i b. so did i c. so i was d. so i did13. never in my wildest dreams_ these people are living in such poor conditions.a.i could imagine b. could i imaginec. i couldnt imagine d. couldnt i imagine14. at the foot of the mountain_.a. a village lie b. lies a village c. does a village lie d. lying a village15. only then_ how much damage had been caused.a. she realized b. she had realizedc. had she realized d. did she realize16. _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to madagascar for further research.a. so curious the couple was b. so curious were the couplec. how curious the couple were d. the couple was such curious17. never before _in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.a. has this city been b. this city has been c. was this city d. this city was18. they have a good knowledge of english but little _ they know about german.a. have b. did c. had d. do19. did linda see the traffic accident? no，no sooner_ than it happened.a. had she gone b. she had gone c. has she gone d. she has gone20. _homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.a. so much b. too much c. too little d. so little21. its burning hot today，isnt it? yes._ yesterday.a. so was it b. so it was c. so it is d. so is it22. under no circumstances, i was warned, _ to give the password to someone else.a. could i b. i could c. i was d. was i23. woman _ hillary clinton is, she was bold enough to participate in the presidential campaign, 2008.a. who b. as c. that d. like 24. the old couple have been married for 50 years and never once_with each other. a. they have quarreled b. they quarreled c. have they quarreled d. had they quarreled25. is everyone here? not yet. look, there_ the rest of our guests!a. come b. comes c. is coming d. are coming35. john opened the door. there _ he had never seen before. a. a girl did stand b. a girl stood c. did a girl stand d. stood a girl36. at the meeting place of the yangtze river and jialing river , one of the largest cities in china.a. lies chongqing b. chongqing lies c. does lie chongqing d. does chongqing lie37. distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. the ceremony of the 50th anniversary this morning are our alumni（校友）from home and abroad. a. attend b. to attend c. attending d. having attended38. i travel to the binhai new area by light railway every day, do many businessmen who live in downtown tianjin. a. as b. which c. when d. though39. hearing the dog barking fiercely, away . a. fleeing the thief b. was fleeing the thief c. the thief was fleeing d. fled the thief40. out , with a stick in his hand. a. did he rush b. rushed he c. he rushed d. he did rush41. the plane. a. flew down b. down flew c. down was flying d. down fly42. i had time, i would have run around the lake again. a. if b. unless c. had d. when43. i ten years younger, i would be able to clime the too of the mountain. a. am b. was c. were d. be44. in front of the farmhouse . a. lay a peasant boy b. laid a peasant boy c. a peasant boy lay d. did a peasant boy lie45.