托福高阶词汇.doc

托福高阶词汇abandon v.放弃同 desert, abdicate, relinquish, quit, forsakeThe bad weather forced the campers to abandon their tent on the mountain. 恶劣的天气迫使露营者丢弃了山上的帐篷。addict v.使沉迷；使上瘾同 give in to, surrender, habituateHelen drinks ten cups of coffee every day; I think she is addicted to it. 海伦每天要喝10杯咖啡，我想她是上瘾了。allure v.吸引；引诱同seduce, coax, tempt, lure, attractThe beauty of the sea allured himsintosbecoming a sailor. 大海的美丽吸引他去当一名水手。Approximately adv.大约同roughly, about, around, close toJanet said she would go for the party at approximately eight oclock. 珍妮特说她大约8点去参加聚会。baffle v.使困惑同confuse, perplex, bewilder, puzzle, confoundThe police were baffled by the false clues left by the clever thief. 警方被聪明的小偷留下的假线索迷惑住了。caliber n.能力直径；口径同 1.ability, capability, quality 2.breadth, diameterThe enemy was armed only with low caliber guns. 敌人只配备了短口径的枪。clot n.凝块同mass, lump, coagulation, cluster, clumpThe pipe under the bathroom sink was jammed by a huge clot of hair. 浴室洗手台下的水管被一大团头发堵塞了。compromise v.协调同mediate, negotiate, bargain, reconcile, arbitrateJane and Alex compromised and went to see a movie they both liked. 简和亚历克斯同意去看一部他们都喜欢的电影。contemporary adj.当代的；同时代的同current, modern, present-dayEthan enjoys reading contemporary British literature. 伊桑喜欢阅读当代英国文学作品。Dam v.筑堤；以水坝拦阻同block, confine, restrict, hold backThe beaver dammed the stream with mud, branches and leaves. 海獭用泥土、树枝和树叶在河里筑水坝。depict v.描述同portray, picture, describeThis story depicts people who live in poverty as hardworking and wanting to improve their lives.这篇故事描写了努力工作以改善生活状况的穷人们的生活。disclose v.泄露同expose, unveil, divulge, uncover, revealThe government refused to disclose the names of the informers. 政府拒绝透露告密者的姓名。eccentric adj.古怪的同odd, queer, strangeMr. Wang is an eccentric old man who likes to collect tea pots. 王先生是个古怪的老人，他喜欢收集茶壶。endowment n.天分捐赠同1.talent, faculty, attribute 2.donation, bestowalAlices beautiful painting shows her artistic endowment. 艾丽斯美丽的画作显露出她的艺术天分。estate n.地产；财产同domain, demesne, manor, propertyThe Jones estate was very large, and it included rolling green hills and a large fish pond.琼斯家拥有大面积的地产，包括起伏的绿色山丘和一个大鱼池。fabric n.质地结构同1. textile, material 2. framework, structureMany people believe that corruption is destroying the fabric of our society. 许多人认为贪污正在破坏着我们社会的肌体。Exercise: Fill in the blanks.1. After many years of smoking cigarettes, she has become _ to them.2. Doctors were _ by the new virus and struggled to find a cure.3. Roger likes _ music, but his father enjoys classical music.4. Superman knew that _ his true identity to the woman was risky.5. My mothers sister is an _ woman, but she is very friendly.解答：1. Addicted 2. Baffled 3. Contemporary 4. Disclosing 5. eccentricfamine n.饥荒同hungerThere was great fear that people would die of hunger if the famine continued. 如果饥荒持续下去，人们恐怕都会被饿死。fusion n.结合 同 merger, coalescence, unionThe musicians fusion of modern music and traditional Chinese music was very popular. 这位音乐家将现代音乐与中国传统音乐结合创作出来的乐曲十分受欢迎。haggard adj.憔悴的同 gaunt, careworn, fatigued, wan, emaciatedThe soldiers looked haggard after their ten-hour march.这些士兵在10小时的行军之后，看起来非常憔悴。illiterate adj.不识字的同unlettered, uncultured, uneducated, ignorantThe university set up a center where illiterate adults could learn to read. 该大学成立了一个可供不识字的成年人学习阅读的中心。Inadvertent adj.不注意的同accidental, fortuitous, unintentional, incidentalThe auditor determined that it was merely an inadvertent mistake made by a junior accountant.查账员认为这只是年轻会计师的疏忽。*auditor n.查账员innermost adj.最深处的同deepest, privateTom and Joe were best friends and shared their innermost secrets with each other.汤姆和乔是最要好的朋友，互相分享内心的秘密。jeopardy n.危险同risk, peril, hazardThis building is in jeopardy of collapsing if there is a major earthquake. 如果发生大地震，这栋建筑物将有坍塌的危险。lace v.系(带子)穿(带子)同1.tie, fasten 2.pass throughThe little childs mother has to help him lace up his shoes.这小孩的母亲不得不帮他系鞋带。lull v.使平静；使入睡同 calm, pacify, quietThe father sang a song to his daughter to lull her to sleep. 父亲唱了一首歌哄女儿入睡。magnificence n.壮丽同brilliance, grandeur, majesty, resplendenceWe were all impressed with the magnificence of Russias Winter Palace. 气势雄伟的俄国冬宫给我们留下了深刻的印象。mercurial adj.多变的水银的同1.changeable, erratic, mobile, capricious, inconstantFew people can stand Michaels mercurial personality, so he does not have many friends.很少有人能忍受迈克尔多变的性格，所以他的朋友不多。Nasty adj.污秽的令人不快的同1.filthy, foul 2.disagreeable, unpleasantWhat is that nasty smell coming from behind the house?到底是什么东西从房子后面传来这么令人作呕的味道?obituary n.讣告同death notice, necrologyMartin was very shocked to see his best friends obituary in the newspaper. 马丁在报上看见好友的讣告，感到非常震惊。ornamentation n.装饰品同adornment, decoration, embellishment, elaborationThe ornamentation Vincent used to decorate his house at Christmas was very tasteful.圣诞节期间，文森特家里使用的装饰品非常有品味。pacesetter n.定跑速的人；引导者同 leaderHarry was the fastest runner, and was the pacesetter for the entire marathon. 哈里是跑得最快的选手，而且也是整个马拉松比赛的领跑者。pernicious adj.有害的；恶性的同harmful, deleterious, venomous, noxious, poisonousWilliams pernicious accusation that the company produced inferior products hurt the companys business.威廉恶意指控该公司的产品质量低劣，使其生意受到影响。plot v./n.密谋；计划同(n.) intrigue, scheme; (v.) conspire, intrigue, schemeThe three thieves plotted how they were going to steal the painting of Mona Lisa. 这三个小偷密谋如何能盗取蒙娜丽莎的画像。Exercise: Fill in the blanks.1. Because of her hard life, the old womans face had grown _.2. The man made the _ mistake of taking the wrong subway line and got lost.3. The mission to rescue lost hikers in _ was canceled due to snow.4. The artists painting managed to capture the _ of Japans Mt. Fuji.5. Their marriage was destroyed by _gossip.解答：1. Haggard 2. Inadvertent 3. Jeopardy 4. Magnificence 5. perniciousprey n.猎物同game, quarry, victimCats often like to play with their prey before they actually kill it.猫在弄死猎物之前常喜欢先玩弄它一会儿。Quarantine n.隔离同 isolationMy pet dog had to be kept in quarantine for six weeks when I moved to England. 当我移居英国时，我的爱犬必须被隔离六个星期。radiance n.发光；闪烁同light, gleam, luminosityPeople like to lie on the beach and enjoy the radiance of the sun.人们喜欢躺在沙滩上享受阳光。relevant adj.有关的同related, pertinent, fitting, properThe lawyer presented information to the judge that she thought was relevant to the case. 律师将她认为与案件有关的资料呈交给法官。retaliate v.报复同revenge, reciprocate, get even with, exact retributionThe poor peasants retaliated against the king because of his unfairness and cruelty.由于国王既不公平又残忍，所以贫苦的农民就采取报复手段对他进行反抗。sagacious adj.睿智的同wise, intelligentWhenever Saul was confused about what to do, he would always go to his sagacious grandfather for advice.索尔感到无所适从时总会向他睿智的祖父寻求建议。sentimental adj.情感上的 同emotional Albert has kept his grandmothers favorite record for sentimental reasons.由于感情原因，艾伯特仍保留着他祖母最喜爱的唱片。slither v.滑行同glide, slide, skitterTonya screamed when she saw a snake slither across the yard.托雅看见有条蛇爬过院子时高声尖叫了起来.splice v.接合同join together, connect, interweave, unite Film editors used to splice reels of film together to make a whole movie. 以前的电影剪辑人员是将几卷影片接合成一部电影。streamline v.使有效率同smooth, simplifyThe only way the office can streamline its operations is by using computers.使用电脑是提高办公室工作效率的惟一方法。Surly adj.粗暴的同sullen, uncivil, brusqueFranks surly manner always makes everyone around him feel grumpy.弗兰克粗暴的态度总令他身边的人觉得生气。*grumpy adj.脾气暴躁的taboo n.禁忌同ban, disapproval, prohibition, proscriptionIn Western countries, a taboo is placed on burping at the dinner table. 在西方国家，用餐时打嗝是禁忌的。*burp v.打嗝Thwart v.阻挠同prevent, obstruct, balkThe police thwarted the robbers plans by finding their hide-out and arresting them.警方发现了劫匪的藏匿地点并将他们逮捕，从而挫败了他们的计划。ultimate adj.最终的同final, terminal, eventualOur ultimate goal is to find a cure for AIDS, said the scientist.我们最终的目标就是找出治愈艾滋病的方法，那位科学家说道。vacant adj.空的n. vacuum同empty, available, disengaged, unoccupiedChildren in the neighborhood liked to play in a nearby vacant lot.社区里的小孩儿喜欢在附近的空地上玩耍。waive v.放弃同give up, relinquish, renounce, abandonOur school waives its strict dress code once a week and allows us to wear what we want on that day. 我们学校每周有一天解除严格的服装限制，我们在那一天穿便服。Xerox v.复印(Xerox是一种复印机的商标)同copyMs. Harris asked her secretary to Xerox seven copies of the contract. 哈里斯女士要求她的秘书将这份合约复印七份。Exercise: Fill in the blanks.1. The townspeople _ against the soldiers who had attacked their homes.2. You shouldnt be so _ about an old pair of smelly sneakers.3. The broken bridge _ their effort to cross the river.4. Winning an Olympic gold medal was the _ goal in her skating career.5. The building next to my house had been _ for several months.解答1. Retaliated 2. Sentimental 3. Thwarted 4. Ultimate 5. vacantabash v.使困窘；使局促不安同 embarrass, shameEllen was abashed at the thought of making a speech in front of her entire school. 爱伦一想到要在全校师生面前演讲就觉得局促不安。adequate adj.足够的；适当的同 sufficient, ample, suitable, enoughMother decided that we had adequate rice for the week, so she didnt buy any at the store.妈妈认为我们的米这个星期还够吃，所以就没去商店买。aloofadj.漠不关心的adv.远离地同1.indifferent, detached 2.apart, at a distanceThe principal kept himself aloof from the arguments between the teachers. 校长置身事外，不想卷入老师间的纷争。Aptitude n.能力；资质同flair, gift, knackDeans aptitude in math helped him to become a successful engineer. 迪安在数学方面的才能使他成为一名成功的工程师。ban n./v.禁止同(v.) forbid, prohibit; (n.) restrictionThe country banned the sale of ivory in an effort to stop the poaching of elephants. 该国禁止买卖象牙，以遏止非法猎杀大象。*poach v.偷猎calm adj.平静的v.使安静同1.mild, gentle, serene, pacific, tranquil 2.still, pacifyRichard seemed very calm when he answered his wife, even though he was really very nervous.理查德回答他妻子时似乎十分冷静，然而事实上却是非常紧张。chapel n.小教堂同oratoryOn our tour of the castle, we saw the private chapelswheresthe king prayed. 参观城堡时，我们看到了国王祷告用的私人小教堂。compulsory adj.强迫的；义务的同obligatory, required, requisite, mandatoryElementary education is compulsory in almost every country in the world.在全世界几乎所有的国家中，小学教育都是义务的。Contemptuous adj.轻蔑的v. contempt同scornful, sneering, disdainfulSamuel made some contemptuous remarks about how no one in the office worked hard.塞缪尔用轻蔑的语气说，办公室里没有人在认真工作。Dank adj.潮湿的 同damp, moist, wet, soggyThe basement in our house is dark and dank, so it is full of mold. 我们家的地下室又暗又潮湿，里面长满了霉。Depose v.废除(王位)；罢黜同 dethrone, oustThe angry citizens wanted the king to be deposed. 愤怒的人民想要罢黜国王。Discord n.意见不合同disharmony, dispute, conflict, quarrelWe should try to talk with each other about our feelings, so there will be no discord among us.我们应该谈谈彼此的感想，这样才不会意见不合。educe v.引出同bring out, draw forth, elicitThe teacher was unable to educe an answer from her pupils.老师无法从学生口中得到任何答案。endorse v.赞同；背书同approve, support, sanction, advocateThe political party endorsed Mark Smith as their candidate for governor. 该政党同意马克-史密斯为该党的州长候选人。esteem n.尊敬同respect, honor, reverenceI have the highest esteem for my colleague, Mark Smith.我对我的同事马克-史密斯极为尊敬。facet n. (事物的)一面同aspect, face, side, partBeing a well-paid business woman is only one facet of her life.高薪阶层职业妇女的身份只是她生活的一个方面。Exercise: Fill in the blanks.1. I didnt have _ time to finish the book before class.2. If the United States _ the import of their products, their economy will suffer.3. All students at the university had to pass a _ swimming test.4. _ between the two political parties lessened slightly after the elections.5. The low _ they felt for him was obvious when they ignored his every word.解答:1. Adequate 2. Bans 3. Compulsory 4. Discord 5. esteemfluctuate v.波动；变动同alternate, waveSome investors panic when stock prices fluctuate wildly.当股票价格大幅波动时,一些投资者便开始恐慌起来。gainsay v.否认同deny, disagreeThere was no gainsaying the astronomers knowledge about the planets. 这位天文学家对于行星的知识是毋庸置疑的。*astronomer n.天文学家hybrid n.混种；混血儿同half-breed, mixtureScientists have developed a hybrid of rice that is more resistant to diseases and insects. 科学家已开发出一种对疾病与虫害更具抵抗力的杂交水稻。idiom n.习语；惯用语同expression, phraseWhen studying a foreign language, idioms are often the most difficult thing to learn. 学习外语时，习语常是其中最难学的部分。Inappropriate adj.不适合的同unsuitable, improper, unfit, incongruousThis movie is very violent and is inappropriate for children to watch. 这部电影暴力倾向严重，不适合儿童观看。innocuous adj.无害的同harmless, inoffensive, vapid, insipid, innocentI dont understand how such an innocuous childrens book could cause such an uproar. 我不明白为何这本对儿童无害的书竟会引起如此的骚动。*uproar n.骚动jerk n.拉扯同twitch, pull, yankI felt a jerk on my sleeve, then realized it was just a tree branch. 我觉得有人拉我的袖子，后来发现只不过是树枝而已。laconic adj.简洁的同concise, compact, pithy, short, succinctHenrys date was very laconic, only saying two sentences the entire evening. 亨利的约会十分简洁，整晚他只说了两句话。lumber n.木材同wood, timber, logsA lot of lumber was needed to build the Smiths new house. 建造史密斯的新家需要大量木材。magnify v.放大同enlarge, expand, amplify, augmentDanny used a lens to magnify the tiny insect.丹尼利用镜片来放大那只微小的昆虫。*lens n. (pl.)镜片maritime adj.海洋的同marine, oceanic, nautical, seafaringThe city is building a maritime museum near the harbor.该市正在港口附近建造一座海洋博物馆。merge v.合并同combine, blend, amalgamateThe two mountain streams merged to form a single stream. 这两条山间的小溪汇合成一条河流。obsequious adj.逢迎的；谄媚的同abject, servile, fawning, cringingThe managers obsequious assistant annoyed the other employees in the department.谄媚的经理助手惹恼了部门内的其他职员。ornate adj.装饰的；华丽的同beautiful, ornamented, elaborateFor my birthday, my father gave me a pair of ornate silver earrings. 父亲送给我一对华丽的银耳环作为我的生日礼物。pact n.协定；条约同agreement, treaty, compact, contractThe two countries signed a pact to end their fighting.这两国签署了一项终止战争的协定。perpendicular adj.垂直的同at a right angle, steep, uprightMain Street runs perpendicular to Pine Street, and they meet at the city library.梅因街和松树街垂直交汇，路口就是市立图书馆。plume n.羽毛同feather, plumageThe plumes of the peacock are beautiful and brightly colored. 孔雀的羽毛十分华丽而且颜色鲜艳。Exercise: Fill in the blanks.1. It is _ to wear a T-shirt and jeans to a wedding ceremony.2. The teachers _ explanation answered all our questions.3. The cell was _ ten times under the lens of the microscope.4. These two banks have _ to form the largest bank in the country.5. The trade _ was the most important agreement ever signed between the two countries.解答:1. Inappropriate 2. Laconic 3. Magnified 4. Merged 5. pactprickly adj.麻烦的同complicated, troublesome, intricate, tryingShe doesnt know how to deal with the prickly problem of inviting her ex-boyfriend to her wedding.她不知道该如何处理邀请前任男友参加婚礼这种麻烦问题。querulous adj.爱抱怨的；发牢骚的同complaining, discontented, fretfulThe childs querulous questions were driving me crazy.那小孩所抱怨的问题快令我发疯了。radical adj.基本的偏激的同1.basic, fundamental 2.extreme, rash, drasticThere was a radical difference between the two professors theories. 这两位教授的理论有根本的不同。relinquish v.放弃；撤退同give up, forgo, disclaim, renounceNora was not willing to relinquish her high paying job for more free time. 诺拉不愿意为了拥有更多的空闲时间而放弃高薪的工作。retard v.阻碍同delay, hold up, stunt, impedeLack of sunlight will retard the growth of most plants.缺乏阳光会妨碍大多数植物的生长。saline adj.咸的同salty Ocean water is so saline that you cannot drink it.海水太咸而不能饮用。sequel n.续集同consequence, continuationScarlett is the immensely popular sequel to Gone with the Wind. 斯嘉丽是飘极受欢迎的续集。slogan n.标语；口号同motto, catch-phraseThe advertising company had to come up with a good slogan for the new brand of soda.广告公司必须为这种新牌子的汽水想一个很好的广告语。spontaneous adj.自然的同natural, impulsive, ingenuous, instinctiveThesgroupsof children on the bus began a spontaneous singing of songs. 公交车上的那群小孩很自然地唱起歌来。strenuous adj.费力的；奋斗的同energetic, ardent, arduous, vigorousRalph was not used to strenuous exercise, and hiking up the hill exhausted him. 拉尔夫不习惯费力的运动，所以登山使他筋疲力尽。 surmise v.臆测同guess, presume, conjecture, supposeWe surmised by the clothes she was wearing that she was a chef. 我们由她的穿着推断她是主厨。Tactic n.策略同maneuver, strategyHarry often cleans his room as a tactic to avoid doing his homework. 哈里常以打扫房间作为逃避做作业的计策。Tier n.层同layer, stratumThe newly-married couple had a three-tiered wedding cake at the banquet. 这对新婚夫妇在喜宴上摆了一个三层的蛋糕。*banquet n.宴会ultimatum n.最后通牒；哀的美敦书同demand, exaction, requirementThe kidnappers ultimatum was two million dollars by midnight, or the man would be killed. 绑匪发出最后通牒，称在午夜以前须备妥200万元，否则那名男子将遭杀害。vagabond n.流浪汉同wanderer, vagrant, hoboMany vagabonds gathered at the back of this restaurant to find food. 许多流浪汉聚集在这家餐厅的后面找寻食物。walkout n.罢工同protest, strike, stoppageFactory workers staged a walkout to protest for proper working conditions. 工厂的工人为了争取合理的工作环境而发动了罢工。yearn v.渴望同desire, long for, covet, hungerElsa yearns for the day sh