系动词学案.doc

M7 U2 Fit for lifeGrammar and usage - Linking verbsStep 1. Lead-in.Show some pictures of apples and introduce link verbs.Step 2. Linking verbs 系动词 (1) 定义： 连系动词（即系动词）：用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。系动词本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后跟表语, 构成系表结构。(2) 常用的系动词状态系动词：be (am/is/are/was/were/been) 表象系动词：appear/seem/look感官系动词：look/sound/feel/taste/smell变化系动词：become/get/grow/turn/fall /go/come/run/make, etc.持续系动词：remain/keep/stay/stand/lie/continue, etc 终止系动词：prove/turn out一、例句展示（翻译）1. He is warm-hearted.2. They are in charge of the company.3. We were best friends in the past.4. He has been away on business for a week. 5. My dream is to be a scientist. 6. The problem is how to prevent the pollution.7. His hobby is collecting stamps.8. The story is interesting and we are interested in it.9.The fact is that he has gone abroad. Summary (1) be动词：am / is / are / was / were.“ be 是最重要的系动词，主语不同，be的形式也不同，且有时态的变化。通常表示主语的特征、状态和身份等，后面接形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(to do)、v-ing、过去分词(v-ed)及表语从句作表语。”翻译并比较下列句子：1. 她的工作是教盲人。_2.许多妇女正站在那里。_3.窗户被男孩打开了。_4.门是开着的但窗户是关着的。_Summary (2)“be+ v-ed” 所构成的系表结构:侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态，通常没有由by引导的介词短语.如：The door was closed. “be+ v-ed” 所构成的被动语态; 侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者，表示动作；句中可以用由by引导的介词短语. 如：The door was closed by me. “be+ v-ing” 所构成的系表结构: 侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态，也可说明主语是什么. 如：My job is teaching English. “be+ v-ing” 所构成的进行时态: 侧重于强调主语正在做某事.如：He is reading now. 二 例句展示并翻译1. The flowers smell sweet. 2. His suggestion sounds reasonable. 3. The apples taste very delicious. 4. The ice feels very cold. 5. You will feel better after a nights sleep.6. He looked a little nervous.7. It sounds a good idea.8. Hearing the news, Mary looked confused.9. The clock looks like a football.判断对错1)This kind of cloth is felt soft. ( )2) This kind of cloth feels soft. ( )3)The flowers look beautiful . ( )4) The flowers look beautifully. ( )5)The air smells bad in the room. ( )6)The air is smelling bad in the room. ( ) Summary (3)look ,sound ,feel, taste, smell为五大感官系动词, 表示“感觉”, 后可接形容词、分词、名词、介词短语作表语，不用于被动语态中，通常没有进行时。巩固训练1. The story sounds_. A. truly B. true C. to be true D. to be truly2. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _ nice. A. looks B. smells C. feels D. tastes3. The cloth that _ smooth and soft _. A. feels; sells well B. feels; is well sold C. is felt; sells well D. is felt; sells good4. _ delicious, the food was soon sold out. A. Tasted B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. To taste5. Your suggestion _ good. A. hears B. sounds C. listens to D. listens6. What he said caused us _. A. to feel frightening B. feel frightened C. feeling frighten D. to feel frightened三、 翻译例句并总结appear/seem/look的用法。1. His father appears/seems/looks (to be) very young. = It appears/seems that his father is very young.2. He appears to know more than he really does.3. They appear/seem to have misunderstood me.4. He appeared/seemed to be doing his homework when I got there. 5. There seems/appears to be no need to go there now.6. It seems/looks as if we are going to miss the train.7. It looks/seems as if he has known the news.8. It seems/appears to me that you are wrong.小贴士： appear：“好像、似乎” 强调外表给人的印象，有时含实质并非如此之意。seem：“好像、似乎” 暗示有一定的依据的判断，这种判断往往接近事实。look：“看起来、显得、好像” 侧重由视觉得出的印象。Summary (4)seem/appear/look+(to be)+adj./n./prep-phrasesb./sth. seem/appear +to do/ to be doing/ to have done 此句型不用look It seems/appears that-clause 此句型不用lookThere seems/appears to be此句型不用lookIt seems/looks as if 此句型不用appear单项选择If you dont want to be scolded by your father, do let him know all the truth. He seems _ everything. 1) A. to know B. knowing C. to knowing D. to have known2) A. to have been told B. to be told C. to be telling D. to tell情景操练：用恰当的系动词描述图片1)looks/smells/tastes/feels/sounds2)appears/seems (to be) 3) It seems/appears that四例句展示1) Spring is coming. It is getting warmer and warmer and leaves turn green. People become/get excited to see the cold winter leaving.2) She became a doctor when she grew up.3) She turned doctor when she grew up.4) Wang Lei fell asleep in class because he stayed up last night.5) Kobe Bryant went mad when the judge made an unfair judgment.6) As we grow up, we come/grow/get to realize how important the family is to us.7) He was admitted to Beijing University, and his dream came true. 小贴士：常见的系表结构 “get + v-ed”表示一种存在状态，不表示被动动作; 用于以下情1) 表示偶然的、突发性的、意想不到的被动动作的结果或状态。如: The new car got scratched. 新车给刮坏了。（表突发性）2) 表示对自身所作的事。如:get dressed, get lost. Tom _(受了伤) while playing football. They _(结婚了) last month. Last night I _(被雨淋了) in the rain. Summary (5) become/ come /get /grow/ turn/ fall/ go为表示 “变化”的系动词；表主语从一种状态转变到另一种状态；后常接形容词、名词等作表语；become后面接单数名词时，名词前要用不定冠词；turn后面接单数名词时，名词前不用不定冠词。“get+done” 为常用的系表结构。单项选择1） To our surprise, he _astronaut ten years later. A. turned B. went C. became D. made2) The traffic lights _ green and pulled away. A. came B. got C. grew D. went3) It took my sister one hour to _ before going to the party. A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to changed4) The traffic lights _ green and I pulled away. A. came B. went C. got D. grew5) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car. A. have B. get C. become D. turn五、例句展示1. You shouldnt keep quiet in a debate.2. People wish to stay young forever.3. His body remained very weak shortly after the operation.4. Please remain seated. The plane is taking off.5. The country remains in a mess at present.6. Much work remains to be done.7. He remained living with his parents after getting married.Summary (6) keep, remain, stay, stand, lie , etc.表示主语继续或保持某种身份、特征、状态的系动词，后面接表示状态的形容词或名词。remain + n. / adj./v-ed/ v-ing /prep-phrase /to be done 巩固练习：翻译下列句子 1.此事仍是个谜。_ 2.这窗户仍然关着。_ 3.他们是否能成功仍然要拭目以待。_六、终止性系动词prove (to be), turn out (to be) 1. The theory proved (to be) false. 2. His plan turned out (to be) a success. 3. The Internet proved (to be) of great value to us during our experiment.Summary (7): prove & turn out “证实为” ; “(结果)变成”，表示终止性结果，作为系动词用，不用被动语态。巩固练习1) Having worked with the local villagers for several days, they _ honest and kind. A. proved B. were proved C. proved to D. were proved to2) The theory that he had stuck _ true. A. to proved B. proved C. proving D. to prove高考链接 1. Emergency line operators must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help. (2007湖北) A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay 2. My parents have always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve. A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good (2007江苏) 3. The traffic lights _ green and I pulled away. (2006广东) A. came B. grew C. got D. turned4. I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. _ good. (2006湖北) A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds能力提升：writing以“spring”为题，使用连系动词写一篇短文。提示：1. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。2. 树木变绿了，花儿都开了, 我们的校园（school campus）变得越来越漂亮了。3. 学生看起来精力充沛。（energetic）4. 我们都在为实现梦想（dream）而努力学习，虽然累但是觉得很高兴。Homework: 1. Page 25, AB 2. Page 109,C1C2SpringSpring is coming and the