读书报告9_绿肥和灌溉方式对有机烟的生长特征和烟碱含量的影响.ppt

effectsofirrigationsystemandgreenmanureonyieldandnicotinecontentofvirginiaorganictobaccoundermediterraneanconditionsauthor d bilalisagriculturaluniversityofathens 2008 07 contents introductionmaterialsandmethodsresultsdiscussionconclusions 1 introduction organictobaccoconsistsofanewindustrialcropproduct therearenotmanyreferences onorganictobacco insciencecommunity 有机烟是一种新的作物产业结构 因此在学术交流方面涉及的很少vetchandredcloverarelegumespecieswellcanalsobecultivatedasplantsforgreenmanure duringtheperiodbetweentwomajorcrops intermediatecrop inthecommonrotationsystemofmediterraneanregion suchaswheat cotton wheat tobacco etc 在地中海地区的轮作或间作体系中常用豆科的野豌豆和红三叶草作绿肥 inmediterraneancountries tobaccogrower susesprinklerirrigationsystems incontrast dripirrigationhasnotbeenwidelyusedintobaccoproduction becauseofhighercostofthedriplineinstallation 地中海国家 由于滴管设备的成本高 烤烟的生产过程多采用喷灌 所以滴管技术没有被广泛使用inrecentyears thecostoftheinstallationhasrelativelydecreased becauseofthetechnologyimproving advancedofdripirrigationsystemscomparedtothesprinklerandfur rowirrigationsystems includesreducedwateruseanddecreasedweedgrowth 近些年 因为科学技术的提高从而降低了滴管设备的成本 且与喷灌和集雨灌溉相比 滴管可以减少水的使用及杂草的生长also otherinvestigatorshavealsoreportedhighyieldsforcropsunderdripirrigation一些调查也表明滴管可以使作物高产 theaimofthisstudyistodeterminetheeffectsof a greenmanureand b irrigationonplantcharacteristicsandnicotinecontentoforganictobaccocrop 本文研究的目的是 绿肥和灌溉方式对有机烟的生长特征和烟碱含量的影响 2 materialsandmethods 2 2 planting fertilizationandweedcontrol 2 3 samplings measurementsandmethods thesamplingsweretaken114daysafterthetransplantingdateoftobacco tode nebiomasstheplantswerecutat1min2differentplacesofeachplot leavesnumberweredeterminedbymeasurementof5plantsperplot 抽样在移栽114天后 生物量的测量采样方法是 在每个点的两个不同的地方截取1米处的烟株 烟叶数是在每个点选5株进行计数 rootsampleswerecollectedfromeachplotatsoildepthof0 30cmwitha30cm 30cmsampler dat ineachsamplerootswereseparatedfromsoilafterstandingfor24hinwater napo3 6 na2co3 thenthesamplesdriedandweighted 根的采集 根周围30cm 30cm处取0 30cm深 根土分离 把根在混合溶液中处理24小时然后晾干 称重 nicotinecontentwasmeasuredusingcorestarecom mendedmethodno 35 烟碱的测定的是利用coresta推荐的no 35forcomputationofwateruseef ciency wue thedryweightofleavesperhectarewasdividedbyamountofwaterapplied 水份利用效率的计算为 每公顷叶片干物重 总用水量spadmeasurements chlorophyllcontentwasdeterminednon destructivelyusingaccm 200chlorophyllcontentmeter 叶绿素的测定 利用ccm 200叶绿素测定仪进行测定 3 results 3 1 legumes amountofnitrogen 3 2 tobacco 3 2 1 yield3 2 2 numberofleaves3 2 3 rootgrowthtable1 in uenceofirrigationsystem dripirrigation d sprinklerirrigation s andfertilization control vetch redclover onyield kgha 1 ondryweightofroots kgha 1 andnumberofleavesoftobaccoplants 114daysaftertransplanting 3 2 tobacco 3 2 4 wateruseef ciency3 2 5 spadvalues chlorophyllcontent3 2 6 nicotinecontenttable2 in uenceofirrigationsystem dripirrigation d sprinklerirrigation s andfertilization control vetch redclover onspadvalues nicotinecontent w w andonwue kgha 1mm 1 4 discussion theyieldsoftobaccocropsunderdripirrigationwerehigher 10 35 thanthosewithsprinklerirrigation theyielddifferenceisstatisticallysigni cant also thetobaccoyieldinsite2wasalwayshigherthanthoseinsite1 themainreasonsforhigheryieldinsite2maybeattributedtotemperature 滴管条件下的烤烟产量高于喷灌 10 35 且site2的产量 site1的产量 主要原因是受温度的影响 t1 t2 thewuevaluesfordripirrigationwerealwayshigherthanthoseforsprinklerirrigation thewuevaluesinsite2werealwayshigherthanthoseinsite1 themainreasonsforhigherwuevaluesinsite2maybeattributedtotemperature 一般滴管的水分利用效率高于喷灌的水分利用效率 site2 site1 site2水分利用效率高的原因可能还与温度有关greenmanuresincreasedrootsdryweightandmostimportantwhenvetchwasappliedtosoil thisspecie whichhasahighncontent fig 2 stimulatesrootgrowthtoagreaterextentthanredclover 绿肥能够增加根系干重 其中野豌豆比红三叶草效果显著 这主要是因为野豌豆的含氮量高 刺激了根系的伸长生长 tobaccocropyieldwassigni cantlyincreasedbythegreenmanures angellinoetal 2004 reportedthatnitrogenfertilizerapplicationin uencedpositivelytheleafareaoftobaccoplants moreover greenmanuresincreasedthenumberofleavesandmostimportantwhenvetchwasappliedtosoil 施用绿肥能明显增加烤烟产量 angellino等研究表明施用氮肥能增加烟叶面积 绿肥能增加叶片的数量且野豌豆的效果较明显thelargernitrogenquantitiesofvetchgreenmanurewithvetchaffectedthenicotineconcentrationoftobaccoleaves thedifferentquantitiesofnitrogenleadtodifferentconcentrations 野豌豆中高的含氮量影响烟叶中烟碱的含量 不同的氮数对烟碱含量的影响不同 theirrigationsystemsdidnotconsiderablyaffectthenicotineconcentrationsoftheplants whicharemainlyconnectedwiththeformofterritorialnitrogenthatismainlyorganicandprogressivelymineralizes 灌溉系统对烤烟叶片中烟碱的含量的影响小 烟碱含量主要与土壤中氮的形态有关 有机态氮和矿化态氮 5 conclusions ourresultsindicatethatirrigationsystemhadgreatlyaffectedthegrowthoftobacco therewerenosigni cantdifferencesbetweenthedripandsprinklerirrigationforrootbiomass thehighestyieldoftobaccowasmeasuredunderdripirrigation 结论表明灌溉系统对烤烟的生长起着重要的作用 滴管条件下烤烟的产量高于喷灌 但滴管和喷灌对根系生物量的影响并没有明显区别agronomicwateruseef ciencyfordripirrigationwasalwayshigherthanthoseforsprinklerirrigation 滴管条件下水分利用效率高于喷灌 greenmanuresincreasedrootmassandyield themostsigni cantimpactwasobservedwhenvetchwasappliedtosoil 绿肥能增加烤烟产量及根系生物量