大学英语三ppt-Unit Two Fruitful Questions.ppt

unittwo fruitfulquestions d outline i introductionii structure textanalysisiii usefulexpressions whatcanyouseeinthepictures whatiscreativity creativeorinnovativethinkingisthekindofthinkingthatleadstonewinsights novelapproaches freshperspectives wholenewwaysofunderstandingofthings newtonandtheappletree lawofuniversalgravitation 万有引力定律 heliocentric hi li u sentrik theory日心说 哥白尼 edwardjenner and cowpox 牛痘 reubenmattusandh agen dazs ifyouloveher takehertoh agen dazs vanilla 香草 chocolate 巧克力 coffee 咖啡 rumraisin 蓝姆葡萄 strawberry 草莓 cappuccino 意大利咖啡 greentea 抹茶 imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge einstein conclusion i conclusion somethingattempted somethingdone h w longfellow americanpoet有所尝试才有所作为 conclusion ii textstructure parti para 1 5 partii para 6 8 partiii para 9 12 partiv para 13 theauthor schildrenteachhimaboutparadigmshifts andlimitationsoflinearthinkingandhowtorefocusparameters threeexamplesofshiftingoldparadigmsinhistory theimportanceofshiftingoldparadigms theauthorencouragespeopletolookatinformationinanewway questionsforparti whatweretheauthorandhischildrenplayingthatnight what sthemeaningofthegame 3 whatweretheanswersofhisthreechildrentohisquestion 1 whatweretheauthorandhischildrenplayingthatnight whatdoesn tbelong basedonthesesamestreetgame 2 what sthemeaningofthegame itmeanswherekidslookatthreepicturesandchoosetheonethatdoesn tbelongtotheothertwo 6yearoldchild 9yearoldchild 4yearoldchild differentanswersofthechildren tomatobecausetheothertwoarefruits therightanswerisstrawberrybecausetheothertwoareroundandastrawberryisn t it stheorangebecausetheothertwoarered itcouldalsobetheorangebecausetheothertwogrowonvines itcouldbethestrawberrybecauseit stheonlyoneyouputonicecream theothernightatthedinnertable mythreekids ages9 6and4 tooktimeoutfromtheirfoodfighttoteachmeaboutparadigmshifts andlimitationsoflinearthinkingandhowtorefocusparameters here showithappened wewereplayingourownoralversionofthesesamestreetgame whatdoesn tbelong wherekidslookatthreepicturesandchoosetheonethatdoesn tfit isaid ok whatdoesn tbelong anorange atomatoorastrawberry paradigmshiftisamajorchangeintheusualwayofthinkingaboutsomething paradigmshift模式改变 linearthinkingreferstothetraditionallogicalapproachtoproblemthinking linearthinking直线思维 linearthinkingisoftencontrastedwithlateralthinking lateralthinkingisawayofsolvingproblemsthatencouragestheuseofmoreunconventionalandcreativemeans torefocusparametersmeanstolookatcertainthingsthatwerepreviouslyignored refocusparameters 重新审视相关因素 lateralthinking横向思维 shift 1 n achangeinthewaypeoplethinkaboutsomething inthewaysomethingisdone etc therehasbeenashiftinclothes fashion 2 v movefromoneplaceorpositiontoanother ormakesomethingdothis 人们逐渐从乡村转向了城市 peoplegraduallyshiftfromthecountrytothetown don ttrytoshifttheresponsibilityontome collocation shifttheblame responsibilityonto somebody 把责任推给 某人 shiftone sground 改变立场或方法 theoldestdidn ttakemorethanasecondtodeliverhissmuganswer tomatobecausetheothertwoarefruits iagreedthatthiswastherightanswerdespitethefactthatsomepuristsinsistatomatoisafruit tothoseofusforcedaskidstoeattheminsalads tomatoeswillalwaysbevegetables iwasabouttothinkupanothersetofthreewhenmy4 year oldsaid therightanswerisstrawberrybecausetheothertwoareroundandastrawberryisn t howcouldiarguewiththat thenmy6 year oldsaid it stheorangebecausetheothertwoarered nottobeoutdonebyhisyoungersiblings the9 year oldsaid itcouldalsobetheorangebecausetheothertwogrowonvines themiddleonetookthisasadirectchallenge itcouldbethestrawberrybecauseit stheonlyoneyouputonicecream 他的脸上露出自鸣得意的微笑 asmugsmilerevealsonhisface smug adj toopleasedwithorproudofoneself one sachivements etc self satisfied 沾沾自喜的 自满的 自鸣得意的 smugoptimism 自鸣得意的乐观态度 smuganswer smugsmile 自鸣得意的微笑 outdo v bebetterormoresuccessfulthansomeoneelseatdoingsth shedeterminedtooutdoherbrotheratworkandgames 为了不让别人胜过自己 他又试一次 nottobeoutdone hetriedagain 1 whatisthegrammaticalfunctionof forcedaskidstoeattheminsalads paraphrasethesentence itisapastparticiplemodifying thoseofus tothoseofuswhowereforcedtoeattomatoesinsaladsduringchildhood theysurelybelongtovegetables 2 translatethesentenceintochinese 对我们这些从小就被迫吃拌在色拉里的西红柿的人来说 西红柿永远是蔬菜 whatdidtheauthorthinkofhischildren saction 2 whoarethefamousscientistsmentionedinthetext 3 whathadtheydone 4 whydoestheauthorthinkcopernicus mattusandjennerbelongtothesamegroup 2 whoarethefamousscientistsmentionedinthetext copernicus reubenmattusandedwardjenner 1 whatdidtheauthorthinkofhischildren saction theyweredoingsomethingasthefamousscientistshaddone 3 whathadtheydone names examples copernicus heplacedthesunatthecenteroftheuniverse readjustingthecenturies oldparadigmofearth centeredsystem reubenmattus herenamedhisbronxicecreamh agen dazsandraisedthepricewithoutchangingtheproduct edwardjenner hediscoveredavaccinationforsmallpoxbyabandoninghisquestforacure whathadtheydone whydoestheauthorthinkcopernicus mattusandjennerbelongtothesamegroup becausetheywererefocusingtheparameters theywereredefiningtheproblems theywerereframingthequestions inshort theywereshiftingoldparadigms somethingwasdefinitelyhappeninghere itwasmessierthanafoodfightandmuchmoreimportantthanwhetheratomatoisafruitorvegetable mykidsweredoingwhatcopernicusdidwhenheplacedthesunatthecenteroftheuniverse readjustingthecenturies oldparadigmofanearth centeredsystem theyweredoingwhatreubenmattusdidwhenherenamedhisbronxicecreamh agen dazsandraisedthepricewithoutchangingtheproduct theyweredoingwhatedwardjennerdidwhenhediscoveredavaccinationforsmallpoxbyabandoninghisquestforacure insteadofstudyingpeoplewhoweresickwithsmallpox hebegantostudypeoplewhowereexposedtoitbutnevergotsick hefoundthatthey dallcontractedasimilarbutmilderdisease cowpox whichvaccinatedthemagainstthedeadlysmallpox theywererefocusingtheparameters theywereredefiningtheproblems theywerereframingthequestions inshort theyweredoingwhateveryscientistwho severmadeanimportantdiscoverythroughouthistoryhasdone accordingtothomaskuhn inhisbook thestructureofscientificrevolutions theywereshiftingoldparadigms 这事儿比争抢食物还乱 比西红柿是水果还是蔬菜重要得多 wecaninferfromthesentencethatthegameisnotassimpleasitappears itinspiresustothinkmorebehindthegameitself 2 translatethesentenceintochinese 1 whatcanweinferfromthesentence vaccinate v protectsb againstadisease byinjectingavaccine pattern vaccinatesb sthagainststh youshouldhaveyourdogvaccinatedagainstrabies reibi z 狂犬病 你应该给你的狗注射疫苗以预防狂犬病 hehashadhisvaccinationagainsttyphoid 伤寒 abandon v 1 giveupcompletely cancel 我们敦促那些吸烟的人戒烟 weurgepeoplewhosmoketoabandonthehabit heabandonedallhope 2 yieldcompletelyto abandononeselftosth heabandonedhimselftodespair contractv 1 make alegalagreement withsbforapurpose wehavecontractedwithafirmforthesupplyoffuel 我们已经与一家公司就供应燃料一事签定了合同 2 getordevelop anillness mysonhascontractedacold questionsforpartiii whatifthesesamestreetgamehadbeenaworkbookexerciseinschool 2 whydoestheauthorwishtoremindusthattherearereallimitstothevalueofinformation 3 intheinformationage howcanwedealwiththeinformation 4 whatcanwelearnfromcopernicusandedwardjenner 1 whatifthesesamestreetgamehadbeenaworkbookexerciseinschool ifthishadbeenaworkbookexerciseinschool everykidwhodidn tcircletomatowouldhavebeenmarkedwrong everykidwhoframedthequestiondifferentlythan whichisnotafruit wouldhavebeenwrong 2 whydoestheauthorwishtoremindusthattherearereallimitstothevalueofinformation ibringthisupbecauseweseemtobeatapointintheevolutionofoursocietywhereeveryoneisclamoringformoretechnology forinstantaccesstoever growingbodiesofinformation ifwereallywanttoobtainsomethingintheinformationage weshouldshiftourparadigmsandrefocusourparameters 3 intheinformationage howcanwedealwiththeinformationmoreeffectively 4 whatcanwelearnfromcopernicusandedwardjenner fromtheexamplesofcopernicusandedwardjenner wecanfindoutthatitisimportanttohaveeasyandquickaccesstoinformation butitisevenmoreimportanttolearntolookatinformationinnewways thisisnotmeanttobeacritiqueofschools lordknows that seasyenoughtodo thisis instead areminderthattherearereallimitstothevalueofinformation ibringthisupbecauseweseemtobeatapointintheevolutionofoursocietywhereeveryoneisclamoringformoretechnology forinstantaccesstoever growingbodiesofinformation studentsmustbeonline yourhomemustbedigitallyconnectedtotheworldwideweb businessesmustbeabletodownloadvolumesofdatainstantaneously butunlessweshiftourparadigmsandrefocusourparameters thesuperinformationhighwaywillleadusnowhere wearenotnow norhavewerecentlybeensufferingfromalackofinformation thinkhowmuchmoreinformationwehavethancopernicushadfourcenturiesago andhedidn tdoanythinglessearth shattering punintended thancompletelychangethewaytheuniversewasviewed hedidn tdoitbyuncoveringmoreinformation hediditbylookingdifferentlyatinformationeveryoneelsealreadyhadlookedat edwardjennerdidn tinventpreventivemedicinebyaccumulatinginformation hediditbyreframingthequestion reminder n sth thatmakesyounotice rememberorthinkaboutsth 这些照片总能使人回忆起2008年 thephotographsarealastingreminderof2008 杨不悔让殷梨亭想起了纪晓芙 howtounderstandtheword earth shattering inthissentence theauthorintendstheword earth shattering tobeapun acleverandamusinguseofawordwithmorethanonemeaning itcanbeinterpretedasmeaningeither earth shaking profoundinsignificance or explodingtheearth centeredtheory translatethesentenceintochinese 但他作出了足以震撼地球的 权作双关语 惊人之举 完全改变了人们对宇宙的看法 whatcanweinferfromtheparagraph thekeypointisnotthelackofinformation whatweneedisnotmoreinformationbutnewwaysoflookingatit whatweneedaswebegintodownshiftontotheinformationhighwayisnotmoreinformationbutnewwaysoflookingatit weneedtodiscover asmykidsdid thatthereismorethanonerightanswer thereismorethanonerightquestionandthereismorethanonewaytolookatabodyofinformation weneedtorememberthatwhenyouhav