大学英语六级试卷和答案-大学英语(高起本)3练习题.doc

大学英语 高起本 大学英语 高起本 3 3 练习题练习题 第一部分 Part I Reading Comprehension Directions There are some passages in this part Each passage is followed by several questions For each question there are four choices marked A B C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center PART ONE Passage 1 Most of the big towns in Eastern Europe have seen a large increase in population over the last 30 years This has caused extreme housing shortages and the vast majority of people living in towns rent flats By western standards the flats are rather small with a family of four living in two or three room flat with kitchen or bathroom But compared with Western Europe the rents are extremely low An Eastern European spends on average about 5 percent of his income on rent and about 15 percent on total housing costs including fuel and furniture In Western Europe the average worker spends at least 20 percent of his income on rent and heating cost On the other hand the Eastern European spends a higher percentage of his income on food Whereas basic items such as bread are very cheap other things like meat and coffee are extremely expensive Caring for people is one area where the states of Eastern Europe are far in advance of other parts of the world Most medical and social services are provided free and in some countries workers do not even have to make contributions to the health and insurance funds since these contributions are made by the employer The factory in Eastern Europe provides many facilities and services which are not supplied in Western Europe Moreover Eastern Europe does not suffer from one of the major problems of Western Europe s economy unemployment All the constitutions of the individual countries state that every citizen has a right and duty to work 1 The serious housing shortage in big towns of Eastern Europe have been caused mainly by A small flats B extremely low rents B an increase in population D two or three room flats with kitchen or bathroom 2 According to the passage the rents in Western Europe A are rather high B are extremely low C are almost the same as those in Eastern Europe D are comparatively lower 3 The average worker in Eastern Europe spends A a much higher percentage of his income on total housing costs B 20 percent of his income on rent and total housing costs C a large part of his income on food D only a small part of his income on meat and coffee 4 The worker in some Eastern European states enjoy better medical and social services because A they don t have to pay very much for health and insurance funds B it is their employers who pay for their health and insurance funds C they need to pay only a little for health and insurance funds D they are provided with many facilities and services 5 Which of the following is not true A Eastern Europe is free from unemployment B All the constitutions of Eastern Europe state that all citizens have a right and a duty to work C Unemployment is one of the major problems in Western Europe D Western Europe does not suffer from one of the serious problems of Eastern Europe s economy Passage 2 Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people s attitudes and behavior Experiments have proved that in noisy situations even temporary ones people behave more irritably and less cooperatively in more permanent noisy situations many people cannot work hard and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems However psychologists distinguish between sound and noise Sound is measured physically in decibels Noise cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of intensity depends on the situation Thus for passengers at an airport who expect to hear aeroplanes taking off and landing there may be a lot of sound but not much noise that is they are not bothered by the noise By contrast if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically Both sound and noise can have negative effects but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound People walking down the street with earphones listening to music that they enjoy are receiving a lot of decibels of sound but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control On the other hand people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily 6 According to the selection people A can not work better in a noisy situation B will suffer from complete deafness because of noise pollution C can be psychologically affected by working in very noisy factories D may cooperate well in a noisy surrounding 7 Sound as defined by psychologists A can be measured in the same way that noise is measured B may be extremely harmful to health C is not at all different from noise D can be measured by machines 8 People waiting at an airport A enjoy hearing aeroplanes taking off and landing B are usually not troubled by the noise C can easily tell sound from noise D are often physically affected by the noise 9 People enjoy listening to music A though in fact they are receiving a lot of decibels of sound B because it does not have any negative effect C because they do not have to tolerate the noise around them D even though it is sometimes unpleasant hearing strange sounds 10 We can conclude from the passage that we need to control noise pollution if A we want to stay both psychologically and physically healthy B we don t want to be physically deaf C we want to cooperate well D we don t want to be anxious Passage 3 Ever since William Harvey defined an animal s heart as the sovereign of everything within them the sum of their microcosm in De Motu Cordis in 1628 the heart has been one of the most widely studied organs of the body and fortunately so given that heart disease is the world s leading cause of death Each year around 8 million people die from heart attacks and many millions more suffer from and eventually succumb to heart diseases such as congestive heart failure and arrhythmia 心律不齐 Global figures are rising yet calculations suggest that this number could be slashed by around 50 per cent if smoking were removed from the equation However decreases would be offset to some degree as the world s population ages diets become more fat laden and lifestyles more sedentary 久坐的 as all these factors are harmful to a healthy heart Although scientific study of the heart began four centuries ago the past few decades have seen a paradigm 范例 shift in research We are now able to monitor the process of contraction and relaxation that underlies the gross function of the heart at close quarters by tracking the movement of calcium 钙 and other ions 离子 within myocytes 肌细胞 And genetic information is used in trial heart gene therapy As with all diseases understanding the processes involved at the molecular and genetic level is enabling us to make inroads in preventing and treating heart disease 11 If there is no one smoking people suffering from heart diseases can be reduced A by about one fourth B by about one thirds C by about half D to none 12 According to the passage is harmful to our hearts A drinking coffee B long time sitting C living a mobile life D not eating regular meals 13 Scientific study of the heart A began a few decades ago B began before Harvey s time C is different from what it used to be D focuses on the ageing problem of the society 14 At the molecular level researchers study the heart A by tracking the movement of calcium and other ions within myocytes B by monitoring the process of contraction and relaxation of the heart C by doing trial heart gene therapy D by observing the heart beat of the subjects 15 Which of the following statements is NOT true A Smoking used to be the only factor contributing to heart diseases B Eating too much fat is not good for your heart C Heart is one of the most widely studied organs of the body D Heart disease has caused many deaths PART TWO Passage 1 Anini holds the singular distinction in India of being the only district capital without an all weather road providing basic transportation Now in what is believed to be the most remote cyber center in all of India a new state of the art computer center has put Anini on the information superhighway The facility is one of 487 free community information centers that the Government of India has been installing throughout northeastern India The US 75 million project which has wide political support is part of a plan by the Ministry of Information Technology to bridge the digital divide in isolated corners of this vast nation which is about a third as large as the United States and has slightly more than a billion people a population second only to China s People in the region hail the computer center as the first step in what they hope will be a permanent road linking them with the outside world Until recently there was no road at all leading in and out of Anini The six Pentium computers and accessories provided for the new community information center had to be transported on elephant back About a year ago the federal government s Border Roads Organization opened part of a 228 kilometer 141 mile road that when finished will extend from Anini to the nearest road link at Roeing Much as it s needed the new unpaved road is only a start 1 Which description of Anini is true according to the passage A It is the only district capital in India B It boasts the best computer center in the world C It has the largest population in India D It has very bad transportation conditions 2 Anini got its new computer center A because of its important geographic situation B thanks to political support C because of its poor conditions D to facilitate the national election 3 The new computer center A is warmly welcomed by the locals B is the only one in northeastern India C helps solve the problem of transportation in Anini D will be finished soon 4 The computers and accessories A were carried to Anini by elephants B are second handed ones C were transported to Anini by camel D are denoted by the U S 5 The 141 mile road A has not been finished B makes it convenient to transport the computers and accessories C will be the first road in Anini D is sponsored by the Ministry of Information Technology Passage 2 It s very necessary for Canada to set up effective transportation system because of its enormous size with its sparsely populated distribution It is also very difficult to make transportation construction on the surface of the country due to its harsh long winter and its mountainous terrain It s really amazing for this country to set up a transcontinental railroad since last century Until 1990 the route length was more than 86 880 kilometers Most of the country s freight are transported by Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific Railway But nowadays fewer and fewer people travel by train Water transportation was very important before railway construction Although passenger travel by water is less important than before waterways remain important for cargo transporting Waterways include lakes rivers and sea coastlines One of the most significant water transportation system is St Lawrence seaway from the Atlantic Ocean to the west of Lake Superior Because of the increasing number of automobiles Canada s road transportation develops very quickly In 1991 road length has been more than 849 400 kilometers Road system is becoming more and more important Trucks carry nearly half of the total freight transported in Canada Early in 1962 Canada had Trans Canada Highway with the length of more than 7 7 kilometers extending from St Johns New Brunswick to Victoria British Columbia With the development of transportation airplanes became another necessary vehicles since aeroplanes could be the only access to some areas of the far northern region Canadian transportation system develops very quickly with the increasingly advanced science and technology The aim of the transportation is to use substitute fuels and to produce more efficient transportation facilities 6 Despite its Canada now boasts a transcontinental railroad A sparsely populated areas B abundant natural resources C large acre of desert D harsh long winter 7 Nowadays the Canadian railway is mainly used to A transport freight B carry passengers C carry tourists D transport soldiers 8 Nearly 50 of the total freight transported in Canada is accomplished by A trains B cars C trucks D ships 9 Airplanes are important in transportation in Canada A because they can fly very high B because they can carry larger freight to the destination within shorter time C because they are the newest form of transport D because they can go to some areas that cannot be reached by other transports 10 The passage is mainly about A the history of Canadian transportation B the different forms of transport in Canada C the condition of transportation in Canada D the advancement of Canadian transportation Passage 3 Students graduating from colleges today are not fully prepared to deal with the real world It is my belief that college students need to be taught more skills and information to enable them to meet the challenges that face everyone in daily life The areas in which students need training are playing the credit game planning their personal financial strategy and consumer awareness Learning how to obtain and use credit is probably the most valuable knowledge a young person can have Credit is a dangerous tool that can be of tremendous help if it is handed with caution Having credit can enable people to obtain material necessities before they have the money to purchase them outright But unfortunately many many young people get carried away with their handy plastic credit cards and awake one day to find they are in serious financial debt Learning how to use credit properly can be a very difficult and painful lesson indeed Of equal importance is learning how to plan a personal budget People have to know how to control money otherwise it can control them Students should leave college knowing how to allocate their money for living expenses insurance savings and so forth in order to avoid the Oh no I m flat broke and I don t get paid again for two weeks anxiety syndrome Along with learning about credit and personal financial planning graduating college students should be trained as consumers The consumer market today is flooded with a variety of products and services of varying quality and prices A young person entering the real world is suddenly faced with difficult decisions about which product to buy or whose services to engage He is usually unaware of such things as return policies guarantees or repair procedures Information of this sort is vital knowledge to everyday living For a newly graduated college student the real world can be a scary place to be when he or she is faced with such issues as handling credit planning a budget or knowing what to look for when making a purchase and whom to purchase it from Entering this real world could be made less painful if person were educated in dealing with these areas of daily life What better place to accomplish this than in college 11 According to the writer graduating students A will find it hard to get a job with only knowledge gained from college B have insufficient skills and knowledge and do not deserve a college diploma C will not be able to earn enough money to support themselves D do not have the necessary knowledge and skills to deal with the realities of life 12 The writer points out that many young people A fall into debt due to ill advised use of credit cards B have to depend on credit to purchase some material necessities C do not know the power of credit and easily run into serious financial debt D start buying too much on credit before they get a paid job 13 Students suffer from an anxiety syndrome because A they do not have their parents financial support B they are worried that they don t get paid on time C they run out of money and can t cover their living expenses D they can t afford to buy insurance for themselves 14 To train students as consumers means to enable them to A handle their credit with caution B plan their spending carefully so that they don t go broke C make wise purchasing decisions and be informed about consumer services D cope with serious financial problems 15 By asking What better place to accomplish this than in college the writer means that A the best place to train students to deal with personal financial issues is in college B students should be trained to enter the real world after they graduate from college C students can best be trained in business and economics in college D students should be taught to cope with the difficult problems they will be facing after graduation PART THREE Passage 1 There are many ways of putting out a fire You may have seen people put out burning cigarettes by stepping on them Stepping on a burning cigarette shuts off the air and puts out the fire Many fires are put out with water Water cools the material that is burning It helps smother a fire too Some of the water is changed into steam when it strikes the hot fire The stem shuts off air from the fire and helps put it out Some fires cannot be put out with water They have to be smothered with sand or with chemicals of some kind such as those used in some fire extinguishers Suppose a tank full of gasoline is on fire Gasoline is lighter than water If you poured water into the tank of gasoline the water would sink to the bottom of the tank The gasoline would float on top of the water and would probably keep on burning If you keep on putting water on the fire the gasoline would flow over the edge of