新视野3-1-6单元课文中英文对照.doc

page 3 unit 1 text a i am home我回家了i grew up on a farm with a huge family. there was lots of love, lots of space and lots to do. from gardening in the greenhouse to chasing our old goose, feeding the goats to gathering the cattle, the word “bored” never found its way into my vocabulary. the work for us was a labor of love. 我在农场里长大，生活在一个大家庭里。家中洋溢着爱，空间也很大，我们有做不完的事。从暖房除草到赶我家那老迈的鹅，从喂山羊到赶牛群， 我从来没有说过“厌倦”这个词。干这些活儿我们都非常卖力。my family and i were very close, spending most nights playing games or telling stories until it was time to go to bed. falling asleep was never a problem for me. i just listened to the sounds of singing birds and dreamed of another day on the farm. this was my life, and i knew i was lucky. 我和我的家人亲密无间，大多数的晚上我们玩游戏或讲故事，直到睡觉的时候方肯罢休。我从来没有睡不着的问题。我听着鸟儿的欢唱，梦想农场另一天的到来。这就是我的生活，我知道我是个幸运儿。 when i was 12, though, something terrible happened that would change my life forever. my father suffered a serious heart attack and was diagnosed with heart disease. the doctors informed my dad that he would need to change his lifestyle completely, which meant no more farming life. we were forced to sell our home and move west. 然而，在我12岁时，一件可怕的事情发生了，它永远改变了我的生活。我的父亲的心脏非常不舒服，被确诊为心脏病。医生告诉我的父亲他需要完全改变他的生活方式，这意味着他无法再过农耕生活。我们不得不卖掉我们的房子，举家西迁。 the dry arizona air was good for my father, and i was adjusting to a new school, new friends and a new way of living. while my surroundings were different and strange, they were also exciting and fun. as fate would have it, my life would soon change again, and in a very big way. 亚利桑那州的干燥空气对我的父亲有好处，我也在适应新的学校、新的朋友和新的生活。我的环境不一样了，它既很陌生，但同时又激动人心，很有趣。像是命运的安排，我的生活很快又发生了变化，而且变化很大。 one day, a personal manager from los angeles came up to me and asked if i had ever thought about being an actress. the idea had never crossed my mind. after talking it over with my parents, we decided that my mother and i would move to los angeles for a while and give it a shot. 有一天，洛杉矶有个经纪人来找我，问我是否想过当个演员。这个想法在我脑海里从来不曾有过。和父母讨论后，母亲和我决定搬到洛杉矶住一阵子试试看。thank goodness my mother was right by my side from the very start. together, we approached it like an adventure. when my first film was a success, my mother and i both decided that it was time for her to depart and resume her life in arizona. the little girl from the farm was disappearing and being replaced by a woman in the big city. 谢天谢地，母亲从一开始就和我在一起，我们母女俩对待这件事就像对待探险似的。当我的第一部电影成功后，我和母亲一致决定母亲现在可以离开我，重新过她亚利桑那州的生活。农场的那个小姑娘正在消失，取而代之的是一个大城市的女性。 i truly loved my job and was treated like a queen. and yet, something was missing. slowly, a dark void found its way into my heart and began to eat away at my happiness. 我确实很热爱我的工作，而且享有女王般的待遇。可是，我总觉得缺了些什么，慢慢地，我心里产生了一种阴暗的空虚感，它开始吞噬我的幸福。i tried to figure out what was missing. i tried working harder, then working less. i made new friends and lost touch with old ones. nothing i did seemed to fill the void. i tried to remember when i was happiest. i asked myself what was important to me. finally, i had the answer. i knew （what i had to do） to be happy. once again, my life was about to change. 我试图弄懂我失去了什么，我就先试试更努力地工作，然后又试试少工作一点。我结交了新朋友，失去了和老朋友的联系。然而我所作的一切无法填补这种空虚。我努力回忆着我最幸福的时光，我问自己什么东西对我最重要。最后，我有了答案，我懂得了为了幸福我该做什么。我的生活再次面临着改变。 i called my mother and father and said, “i miss you so much. i need my parents back. im buying a place out here and i want you to move to california.” my father wasnt too keen on the idea of being back in the rat race, but i assured him that this time it would be nothing like that. so we began looking for a place just like （the one）i remember growing up in. 我打电话给我的母亲和父亲说：“我太想念你们了，我要在这里买房子，我要你们搬到加州来。”我父亲对回到那种忙忙碌碌的生活不怎么感兴趣，但我向他保证，这一次绝对会有所不同。这样，我们开始寻找一个家，像记忆中伴我成长的那个家一样。then one day we found it: the perfect home, nestled in a warm and sunny valley with pear trees in the yard. the move renewed my familys happiness; the dark void in me began to disappear; and a sense of balance returned to my soul. i was home, again. 后来有一天我们找到了：我们完美的家，坐落在温暖、阳光明媚的山谷里，院子里长着梨树。这次行动恢复了我的家庭欢乐，我内心的黑洞开始消失，我的心灵重新得到了平衡。我回家了，我再次回家了。 page 12 unit 1 text b the edge 边缘线上the night before i left for israel, i heard the same things i had heard all my life. “but why israel? my father asked. “theres a war over there, you know.” “yes, dad, i know. there are wars everywhere,” i answered. 在我出发去以色列的前一个晚上，我听着我一生老是听到的那些话。“可为什么是以色列呢？”我的父亲问我。“你知道，那里在进行战争。”“是的，爸爸，我知道。战争到处都有，”我回答说。when these “discussions” took place, my sister, kristy, would always try to break the tension. “kathy,” shed suggest, “why dont you go to england for summer school. its not dangerous and its still overseas.” 当这些“讨论”发生时，我的姐姐克丽斯蒂总设法打破这种紧张的局面。“凯西，”她建议道，“你为什么不去英国上暑期学校？那里没有危险，而且那里也是国外。”i rejected the idea of england because it was not exciting enough. i wanted to experience something different. 我拒绝去英国是因为那里不够刺激，我想体验不同的东西。my sister and i are three and a half years apart in age, but a world apart in the way we live our lives. her life is neat and quiet. i take too many risks and love adventure. ive spent most of my adult life apologizing to my family for being different, for embarrassing them by something i wear, something i do or something i say. essentially, they think im a nut. 姐姐和我相差三岁半，但我们的生活方式却截然不同。她的生活井井有条、安安静静。而我总是冒险，并且乐此不疲。长大成人后，我因自己和他们不一样而道歉，就这样度过了我大部分的时光，我为我的穿着，为我的言论，为我的行动使他们感到尴尬而道歉。归根结底，他们认为我是个怪人。since my sister is so different from meor since im so different from herwe arent very close. i think i puzzle hershe just cant seem to figure me out. 由于我的姐姐和我如此不同或者说我和她如此不同我们并不十分亲密。我想我让她感到迷惑不解她似乎根本无法理解我。because my sister seemed the least upset by my summer plans, i asked her for a ride to the airport. “no problem,” she said, “but dont tell dad!” i smiled and agreed. 因为姐姐似乎对我的暑期计划担心最少，我就请她开车送我去机场。“没有问题，”她说，“不过不要告诉爸爸！”我笑了笑答应了。on the way to the airport the next day, my sister was quiet, as usual. but for the first time since id decided to go, she started asking questions about my trip: where i was planning to travel, where i was going to stay. she seemed truly interested. 第二天在去机场的路上，姐姐像往常一样显得很安静。但是，自从我作出去以色列的决定后，她首次开始问起我的旅行了：计划去哪里旅游？住哪里？看来她真正有了兴趣。my family is not big on emotional goodbyes, so with a “go to it, tiger” and a quick “i love you, too?” my sister was gone. i was sad because this just confirmed for me that she didnt understand. 第二天在去机场的路上，姐姐像往常一样显得很安静。但是，自从我作出去以色列的决定后，她首次开始问起我的旅行了：计划去哪里旅游？住哪里？看来她真正有了兴趣。i checked in and fastened myself into the plane seat. i glanced inside the bag that my sister had carried in for me. there, along with my passport, visa, and other important documents, was a small white envelope with “kath” written on it in my sisters handwriting. i opened the envelope and found a card. 检票上机后，我系好座位上的安全带。我朝姐姐替我提进机场的包里瞥了一眼。包里除了护照、签证和其他重要文件，还有一个白色的小信封，信封上有我姐姐亲笔写的“凯西”字样。我打开信封，看到里面有一张贺卡。after i read the writing on the inside, i realized that my sisterwho i had decided just couldnt understandactually did. it seemed there was a small part of her that was jealous of what i was doing. the card was blank except for what my sister had written: 看完里面的内容后，我认识到我的姐姐一个我曾经以为肯定不会理解我的人事实上是理解我的。看来，姐姐还是有一点羡慕我的行为的。贺卡很空，惟有姐姐写的如下字句：i really admire you for experiencing life in such a full way. i love you. 我真的羡慕你如此充分地体验人生。我爱你！your sister, kristy 你的姐姐，克丽斯蒂on the other side of the card, she had written: 在贺卡的另一面，她写道：i really wish i could go to israel with you. 我真希望能和你一块去以色列。that day, my sister, for one brief moment, showed me a side of herself that she had never shown before. or maybe i had never looked deeply enough. with a flood of tears running down my face, i turned and looked out of the window. i saw my sister standing inside the airport, smiling and waving to me. as the plane backed out of the gate, i saw her lips say “i love you.” i smiled back because for the first time, i knew she really did. 那天，姐姐短暂地流露出她从未向我流露过的一面。也许是我从来没有试图认真地理解她。眼泪如潮水般流下我的脸颊，我转头把目光投向窗外，看到姐姐在机场里微笑着向我招手。飞机徐徐离开机场的登机口，我看到她的嘴唇在说“我爱你”。我也报之一笑，因为我第一次知道姐姐是理解我的。page 25 unit2 text a advertising 广告业advertising is part of our daily lives. to find proof, you have only to leaf through a magazine or newspaper or count the radio or television commercials (that you hear in one evening). most people see and hear a mass of advertising messages every day. and people respond to the many devices (that advertisers use to gain their attention). 广告是我们日常生活的一部分。要证明这一点，你只要浏览一下杂志和报纸，或者心算一下(你晚上所收听到的)广播或电视商业广告有多少就行了。大多数人每天看到和听到大量广告信息，而人们会对(广告商为赢得人们的注意力)所使用的多种手段作出反应。advertising is a big businessand, to many people, a fascinating one, filled with attraction and excitement. it is part literature, part art, and part show business. 广告业是一个大行业而且对许多人来说，它是个很有吸引力的行业，迷人而刺激。它是宣传印刷，是艺术，也是娱乐。advertising is the difficult business of bringing information to great numbers of people. the purpose of an advertisement is to make people respondto make them react to an idea, such as helping to prevent forest fires, or to make them want to buy a certain product or service. 广告业是一种艰巨的行业，它要把信息传递给许许多多的人。广告的目的是让人们作出响应让他们对某一想法作出反应，比如帮助避免森林火灾，或者让他们产生购买某种产品或某种服务的欲望。at the beginning of the 20th century, advertising was described as “salesmanship (-ship) in print”. if this definition were expanded to include radio and television, it would still stand=remain valid today. 20 世纪初，广告被描述为“印在纸上的销售艺术”。如果把这个定义涵盖到广播和电视，那么这个定义至今仍然成立。the most effective way to sell something is through person-to-person contact. but the cost of person-to-person selling is high. because it takes a great deal of time, it increases the cost of the product or service. advertising, then, distributes the selling message to=give out many people at one time. 出售商品最有效的办法是通过人与人的接触。但是人与人的直面销售成本很昂贵。由于它花费很多时间，所以就增加了产品或服务的成本。然而广告却可以把销售的信息在同一时间里传播给许多人。advertising is very old. it can be found as far back as=can go/trace back to the public criers=hawker of ancient greecewho, for a fee, shouted out messages about a companys products to one and all. but it first became important in the late 15th century, when the traders of the rapidly growing cities and rural towns needed a way to tell people where their goods could be bought. 广告业非常古老，它可以追溯到古希腊街头巷尾叫卖的小贩们他们大声喊叫，把公司的产品信息传递给每个人，并因此获得一定的报酬。而广告变得重要最早是在15世纪后期，当时，迅速发展起来的城镇商人需要有种途径，让人们知道在哪儿可以买到他们的货物。the first printed advertisement in the english language appeared in 1478, more than a century before shakespeares first play was produced. this early ad was the work of william caxton, englands first printer, who used it to advertise religious books from his own studio （区分stadium）. 第一张英文印刷广告出现在1478年，它比莎士比亚的第一部戏剧还早一个多世纪。这张早期广告是英国第一个印刷商威廉 卡克斯顿的作品，他利用广告来兜售他自己的工场制作出来的宗教书籍。caxton posted small printed notices along londons main streets. besides advertising his product, he identified his shop with a certain trademark so that customers could find it easily.卡克斯顿沿着伦敦的主要街道张贴小型的印刷广告。除了给自己的产品做广告外，他还用某种商标来标明自己的商店，以便让顾客能轻易地找到。this same sort of simple, informational advertising is still used. examples include the roadside signs that tell travelers (that they can buy fresh corn just down the road) or (that there is a restaurant in the next town). 与此相似的简单的、信息性广告现在依然沿用。例如路边的招牌，它们告诉路人在前面的路边可以买到新鲜的玉米或者下一个城镇有个餐馆。the industrial revolution, in the 18th and 19th centuries, brought a new kind of advertising. large factories took the place of small workshops, and goods were produced in large quantities. manufacturers used the newly built railroads to distribute their products over wide areas. 18世纪和19世纪的工业革命带来了一种新的广告形式。大工厂取代了小作坊，商品被大量生产。生产商利用新筑的铁路将货物发送到广大区域。they had to find many thousands of customers in order to stay in business. they could not simply tell people where shoes or cloth or tea could be bought they had to learn how to make people want to buy a specific product. 为了维持生意，他们得找到数以千计的顾客。他们不能只告诉人们到哪里去买鞋子、布匹或者茶叶；他们还必须学会如何使人们想买某一具体产品。thus modern advertising was born. advertising helped to create new markets and to raise standards of living as people came to feel/gradually became aware that they had a right to new and better products. 于是，现代广告业就这样诞生了。广告有助于开拓新的市场，有助于生活水平的提高，因为人们逐渐认识到他们有权利享用新的、更好的商品。advertising agencies began to develop in the united states just after the civil war. at first, the chief objective of these agencies was to sell space in the various media, mainly newspapers and magazines. but they soon added the service of writing and producing=designing advertisements. 在美国，广告代理公司是在内战(南北战争)刚结束后开始发展起来的。起先，这些公司的主要目标是卖各种媒体主要是报纸和杂志的空版面，但它们很快又增加了撰写和制作广告的业务。from these modest beginnings, advertising has developed into a highly specialized and profitable business. 从这些平凡的开端，广告业发展成了高度专业化和高利润的行业。page 35 unit 2 text b advertising persuades 广告劝说we all know that buying a product wont really get us the great job or give us a perfect life. but we are still influenced by advertising, just because advertising not only informs us about products and services, but also persuades us to change our behavior. advertisers or advertising agents use a variety of techniques in order to better convince us to buy a product, to shape our attitude towards their product, and to make us believe that our value is the name brands that we buy. these techniques may include repetition, vague terms, emotional appeal, and association.我们都知道，购买一种产品并不能真正让我们得到那项好工作或理想的生活。但是，我们依然受到广告的影响，只是因为广告不仅告诉我们产品和服务的信息，而且还劝说我们改变自己的行为。广告商，或者说广告代理人，为了更好地劝说我们购买某一产品，为了影响我们对产品的态度，为了使我们相信我们的价值就是我们购买的品牌，动用了各种各样的技术，其中包括重复、措辞含糊、情感呼吁和联想。repetition is perhaps the simplest way to advertise. some advertisers concentrate on making sure their product is widely recognized. to that end, they simply repeat the name of the product or a slogan so we end up remembering it. the aim is to get the message into our brains. many radio and tv adverts use this technique.重复或许是最简单的广告方式。有些广告商专注于确保自己的产品得到广泛认可。为此目的，他们在广告中只重复产品的名称或一个口号，使我们最后在不知不觉中记住了该产品。这样做的目的是将其要旨注入我们的大脑。许多电台和电视广告就是使用这一技术的。adverts use both short phrases and long explanations. in both cases language is extremely important. exaggeration is very common. vague terms are used, such as “the greatest”, “the perfect”, “the most desirable” or “the most advanced”, in order to impress us and stop us asking too many questions. by attempting to make us choose quickly and without long consideration, some advertisers hope to make rapid sales: “buy now, before theyre all gone!” often they use experts or stars words to promote the superior quality of their product: “three out of four doctors recommend.”, or “this is my ideal choice.”广告既使用简短词语，也使用长篇解说。在这两种情形下语言都非常重要。言过其实是常见的事。用词含糊，如“最伟大的、最好的、最称心如意的”，或者“最先进的”，为的是加深我们的印象，不让我们提太多问题。为了使我们不过多犹豫，尽快选择购买商品，有些广告商采用快速销售的策略：“马上就买，否则就没有了！”他们还常常引用专家或明星的话来提升其产品的上等质量：“四分之三的医生推荐”，或者“这是我的理想选择。”advertisers play on universal feelings of fear and anxiety to influence our feelings. they suggest that we may not make friends, do enough for our families, or be attractive enough unless we use their products. think of how many cell phone adverts link their use to having more friends or a better social life.广告商利用人们普遍都有的害怕感和焦虑感来影响我们的情绪。他们暗示，除非我们用他们的产品，否则我们就交不到朋友，不能为家庭作足够贡献，或者没有足够的吸引力。想想有多少手机广告将使用手机与交朋友或拥有更好的社交生活联系在一起吧。advertisers know very well that emotional appeal is fundamental to advertising. motherly feelings, family life, sex, and manliness all appeal to us before we know it. for example, they show a woman gently holding her child, or a strong man driving a sports car. good visual images are also important, such as a happy family eating a meal outside. it may be a sentimental version of family life, but it appeals to us.广告商心里很清楚，情感呼吁对广告非常重要。慈母之情、家庭生活、性、男子气概，所有这些都在不知不觉中吸引我们。比如，他们展示一位女人怀抱着自己的孩子，或者一个强壮的男人驾驶一辆跑车。良好的视觉形象也很重要，比如幸福的一家在外用餐。它可能是幅充满柔情的家庭生活画面，但却吸引着我们。finally, advertisers also advertise by association. they know people often associate ideas together in their minds, so they often associate their products with desirable images to make it seem equally desirable. they try to associate drinking with fun, flying with attractive models, traveling with rich lifestyles, etc. this is usually done in a way that we do not know that we have been advertised to, but our impression of the product is increased. when you think of summer, you probably think of ice cream and the beach. when you see a car advert, you may link the car to the idea of success although you know well that todays driving means traffic jams and parking problems.最后，广告商还借用联想做广告。他们知道人们心里常作观念联想，故而常将其产品与理想的形象联系在一起，以便使产品也变得理想。他们努力将饮酒与享乐联系在一起，将坐飞机与漂亮的模特联系在一起，将旅行与丰富多彩的生活模式联系在一起，等等等等。其操作方式通常是这样的：我们不知道自己做了广告的对象，然而我们对产品的印象却加深了。当你想到夏天，你就可能想到冰淇淋。当你看到汽车广告，你就可能将汽车与成功的想法联系在一起，虽然你非常明白如今开车意味着交通堵塞和停车麻烦。with all these techniques, advertising, in its non-commercial guise, is a powerful educational tool capable of reaching and motivating many potential customers. perhaps, it is much too powerful a tool to be used solely for commercial purposes.依靠这些技术，广告披着非商业的外衣成为一种非常有力的教育工具，能够触及并激发很多潜在顾客。也许，它是一种太有力的工具，以致于不仅仅专门用于商业目的。 page 47 unit 3 text a life is full of choices生活里充满了选择michael is no run-of-the-mill kind of guy. he is always happy and always has something positive to say. at work, when someone would ask him how he was doing, he would reply, “if i were any better, id be twins!”迈克尔决非等闲之辈，他总是那么乐观，总能看到事物积极的一面。在工作中，假如有人问他“你最近好吗？”，他就会说：“太好了，简直没的说。” if an employee had a bad day, michael would tell him/her how to look on the positive side of the situation lest theyd continue feeling down. he was like a ray of sunshine, a prince among men. one day, i went up to michael and asked him, “i dont get it. you cant be positive all the time. how do you do it?” 假如员工哪一天遇到不顺心的事情，迈克尔总是告诉他们如何看待事物积极的一面，以免他们继续感到沮丧。他如同一缕阳光，是芸芸众生里的佼佼者。一天，我走到迈克尔跟前，问他：“我不明白，你不能总是那么积极乐观吧，你是怎么做的呢？” michael replied, each morning i wake up and say to myself, mike, you have two choices today. you can choose to be in a good mood or you can choose to be in a bad mood. i choose to be in a good mood. each t