2016年新人教版高一英语必修一知识点总结.docx

2016年新人教版高一英语必修一知识点总结挑战自我，决战期末。新课标必修1Unit1Friendship重点词组：begoodto对.友好addup合计anothertime改时间getsthdone使.被做calmdown镇定下来havegotto不得不walkthedog遛狗makealistof列出hideaway躲藏;隐藏beconcernedabout关心;挂念sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物gothrough经历;仔细检查setdown放下;记下aseriesof一系列;一套becrazyabout对.着迷onpurpose故意inorderto/soasto为了facetoface面对面地getalongwith与.相处packup收拾，打理行装accordingto按照;根据所说havetroublewithsb/sth同某人闹意见;做有困难communicatewithsb和.交际throwawaythefriendship放弃/终止友谊tryout试验;试用joinin参加(活动)farandwide到处looktosth注意，留心某事fallinlove相爱ignorantof无知cheatsb(out)ofsth骗取某人某物havethe/ahabitofdoingsth有做.的习惯句子归纳：1.Iwonderif.我想知道是否.2.Itsbecause.这是因为.此从句中because不能用since或as代替3.Whatdoyouthinkagoodfriendshouldbelike?你认为一个好朋友应该是什么样的呢?4.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.=Whileyouwerewalkingthedog,.在遛狗时，你不小心让狗挣脱了绳子，结果狗被车撞了。(当while,when,before,after等引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致时，可将从句中的主语和be动词省去。)5.Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?你想有一位无话不谈、能推心置腹的朋友吗?6.IhaventbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatIvegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我已经很久不能去户外，所以我变得对自然界的所有东西都很感兴趣。7.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofbirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.我记得非常清楚，曾有一段时间，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未使我心醉神迷过。8.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatIdseenthenightfacetoface.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。9.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.如果您给我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。(Iwouldbegratefulif.委婉客气提出请求)10.Itsagoodhabitforyoutokeepadiary.记日记对你来说是个好习惯11.She founditdifficulttosettleand12.Thisseriesofreadersisveryinteresting.13.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.14.Peoplearetoldthattheiractionsshouldbeasgentleasthewindthatblowsfromthesea.Unit2重点词组：in.ways在.方面suchas例如believeitornot信不信由你comeupwith提出comeuptoaplace参观某地everbefore从前evenif/though即使attheendof在.末期bebasedon在.基础上closeto距离近o把.变成intheearlydays在早期take.with.随身携带thesame.as与.相同的atpresent目前beabsentfrom缺席bepresentat在席;出席carryoutarule执行规则beanativeof是.人atsbsrequest应某人的要求haveacommandof掌握makearequest请求requestthat.(should)+v原形inonedirection朝一个方向givecommands命令bedifferentfrom与.不同inthe1600s=inthe1600sasarule通常;照例benativeto是.的土产动物/植物asweknow正如我们所知aninternationallanguage一门国际语言aninternationalorganization一个国际组织playarole/part(in)在中担任角色;在.中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与playanimportantrole/part在中起重要作用becauseof因为;由于comeup(vi)走进;上来;发生;被讨论make(good/full)useof(好好/充分)利用fromoneplacetoanother从一处到另一处presentsthtosb/presentsbwithsth句子归纳：1.However,theymaynotbeabletounderstandeverything.(然而，他们可能不是什么都懂。)2.ThisisbecauseBritainruledIndiafrom1765to1947.(这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。)3.Alllanguageschangewhenculturescommunicatewithoneanother.(当不同文化互相沟通时，所有的语言都会发生变化。)4.WhattheBritishcall“petrol”theAmericanscall“gas”.(美国人把被英国人称作“petrol”的东西称作“gas”。此处what引导宾语从句)5.Actually,itwasbasedmoreonGermanthanpresentdayEnglish.(实际上，当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。)6. ThosewhoreportedthenewswereexpectedtospeakexcellentEnglish.7. TheUSisalargecountryinwhichmanydifferentdialectsarespoken.(inwhich=where,其引导定语从句。美国是一个大国，国内说着许许多多的方言。8.ThereismorethanonekindofEnglishintheworld.(morethanone+单数可数名词，作主语时，谓语用单数)9.ItisnoteasyforaChinesepersontospeakEnglishaswellasanativeEnglishspeaker.(对于一个中国人来说把英语说得跟以英语为母语的人一样好是不容易的。)句型：Itis+adj/n+forsbtodosth对于某人来说做某事是扩充：Itis+adj+of/forsbtodosth当句式中形容词修饰todosth时用for;若形容词修饰sb，则用of.eg:Itskindofyoutohelpmecarrythebox.附：1.eitheror和neithernor连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词采取就近原则。2.bedifferentin强调在某方面的不同bedifferentfrom强调在各方面的不同3.intheend最后，最终后无of结构三个表示最后最终的用法：finally:按照顺序的最后，常与first,secondly等连用atlast:经过长时间等待直到最后intheend:经过长期曲折斗争努力，终于如：战争等4. 与人交谈，常会有听不清楚或听不懂的情形，遇到这种情况该如何开口呢?Pardon?Ibegyourpardon?Idontunderstand./Sorry,Icantfollowyou.对不起，我没听懂，请再说一遍好吗?Couldyousaythatagain,please?/Couldyourepeatthat,please?请再说一遍好吗?Couldyouspeakmoreslowly,please?请你说得慢一点好吗?5.includeincluding;includedidentityidentifyactuallyactual(adj);apidlyrapid(v)government(n)govern(v)wide(adj)widen(v);broad(adj)broaden(v)foreignforeigner;solve(v)solution(n)6. petrol-gaslift-elevator;flat-apartmentfilm-movie;sweets-candy;post-mailUnit3TravelJournal重点词组：one-wayfare单程票round-tripfare往返票graduatefrom从.毕业careabout忧虑，关心carefor喜欢，照顾caretodo愿意/同意做某事givein(vt)上交givein(to)投降;屈服;让步giveup放弃giveupdoing/sthasusual像往常一样atmidnight午夜atanaltitudeof在.海拔上attitudeto/toward(s)对.态度changeonesmind改变主意tomymind=inmyopinionmakecamp野营，宿营makeuponesmindtodo决心干某事putuponestents搭起帐篷sthbefamiliartosb某事为某人所熟悉sbbefamiliarwithsth某人熟悉某事dreamof/aboutdoingsth梦想做某事goforlongbikerides做长途自行车旅行persuadesbtodosth=persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事persuadesbnottodosth=persuadesboutofdoingsth说服某人不做某事determinetodosth(动作)/bedeterminedtodosth(心理)决心干某事getsbinterestedin使某人对.感兴趣insiston(ones)sth/doingsth一定要;坚持要thebestwayofdoingsth/thebestwaytodosth干某事的最好办法cantwait/canhardlywaittodosth迫不及待想干某事foronething.foranother(用来引出某事的理由)一则.二则.takeonesbreathaway使某人大吃一惊句子归纳：1.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheMekongRiver.强调句基本句型：itis/was.that.其中指人时可用who(主)，whom(宾)。2.Althoughshedidntknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatwe(should)findthesourceoftheriver.insistthat.(should)+v原形(虚拟语气)坚持要;坚持要求insistthat.陈述语气坚持说;坚持认为3.Haveyoueverseensnowmenridebicycles?4.Toclimbthemountainroadwashardworkbuttogodownthehillswasgreatfun.5.Goodluckonyourjourney.6.Thelakeshonelikeglassinthemoonlight.(simile)Unit4Earthquakes重点词组：havetimetodo有时间做某事happentodo碰巧做某事shakehandswithsb握手burstintotears/laughterinruins成为废墟cutacross穿过、横穿blowaway吹走、刮走falldown倒塌rescueworkers救援人员bepleasedtodo乐意做某事make/giveaspeech发表演说judging.from根据.来判断tensofthousandsof成千上万digout挖掘burstoutcrying/laughing突然哭/笑起来thinklittleof对.评价低beproudof/takepridein以.而自豪invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbfor/tosththinkhighlyof对.评价高one-third1/3two-thirds2/3seventy-fivepercent75% agreewithsbgiveout发出(气味等);分发;耗尽agreat/largenumberof=agreatmany/good大量的betrappedin/under陷入.陷在.下面thehighschoolspeakingcompetition高中演讲比赛havesbdosth=makesbdosth=letsbdosth让某人做某事cometoanend(vi)=put/bringsthtoanend=put/bringanendtosth结束某事agreetosthgiveoff发出(气味等)giveback归还giveaway赠送;泄露agreeonsth达成一致意见agreetodosthrightaway=rightnow=atonce=immediately立刻asyouknow正如你所知道的beknownas作为.而知名asisknowntoall众所周知beknownfor因.而出名ascouldbeexpected正如可以预料到的itisuselessdoingsth干某事是无用的happen=takeplace=comeabout=breakout偶发有计划偶发战争等爆发句子归纳：1.Itisalwayscalmbeforeastorm.2.Now,imaginetherehasbeenabigearthquake.此句为Therebe句型3.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.现在分词表伴随4.Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend.5.Water,foodandelectricitywerehardtoget.句型：主语+be+adj+todo其中todo用主动形式表示被动含义6.Allhopewasnotlost.all与not连用表示部分否定7.Itsnevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。附：分词用法之作定语fallingleaves正在落的叶子boilingwater正在沸腾的水fallenleaves已经落在地上的叶子boiledwater开水Unit5NelsonMandela重点词组loseheart丧失勇气worryabout担心loseoneshearttosb/sth爱上，喜欢上beworriedabout担心(状态)introuble处于不幸中besentencedto被判处beoutofwork=loseonesjob失业beequalto相等的，平等的asamatteroffact=infact=actually事实上blowup充气爆炸begfor乞讨setup建立，创立;设置，竖起sendup发射，使上涨setabout着手(setaboutdoingsth着手做某事)goup上升，增长;被兴建setoff出发，动身setup设立，建立;设置，竖起setout陈列，摆出;开始(setouttodosth开始做某事) stopsb(from)doingsth / keepsbfromdoingsth / preventsb(from)doingsth) 阻止某人做某事beactivein=takeanactivepartin积极参与，在.活跃diefor为而死diefrom死于(外因)dieof死于(内因如：饥饿，寒冷，疾病等)beproudof/takepridein以.而自豪invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbfor/tosth, agreewithsb, thinkhighlyof对.评价高putsbinprison=throwsbintoprison=sendsbtoprison把.投入监狱advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事advice不可数apieceofadvice一条建议advisedoingsth建议做某事advisesbonsth建议某人某事advisethat(should)+v原fightfor为争取.而斗争fightagainst为反对.而斗争fightwith同.并肩作战/同.斗争haveproblems/difficulty/troublewithsth在某方面有困难haveproblems/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsth在做某事方面有困难workout算出haveago=haveatry试一试,breakthelaw违反法律be