汉语分级阅读.doc

汉语分级阅读 （二）（中国当代短篇小说选汉语3000词简写本）Graded Chinese Reader 2（The Selected Chinese Contemporary Short Stories of 3000 Chinese Words Reader)史迹 SHI JIPreface It is well-known that to improve ones proficiency of a language by reading is an effective method. As for Chinese language learning，if we want to master Chinese, we should combine the characters, words and phrases, and sentences all together, and try to find the exact meaning in the context. Therefore, Chinese reading is a necessary process in Chinese learning.However, Chinese reading needs one to have about 5000 Chinese words at least, that is to say, if one wants to read and write in Chinese, he has to learn and accumulate about 3000 to 5000 Chinese words. However, for students of Chinese as a foreign language, Chinese character learning is such a heavy burden that it can not be imagined. Professor Abbiati Magda of Ca Foscari University once said,“For Italian students，Chinese language is a tough language. For some students, they learn Chinese language as if they learn two foreign languages, one is language listening and speaking in general, and another is reading and writing with the special Chinese characters.”（ Chinese Teaching in the World, 1994, 4 ）. It is obvious that the main obstacle in Chinese reading is the Chinese character and words learning. Some students who have learned two or three years of Chinese, but there is still a great gap between students basic vocabulary and the vocabulary needed to read newspapers, stories and other materials in Chinese. But on the other hand , the students are eager to read with their limited Chinese vocabulary and language knowledge. Therefore, it is of great significance to compile and simplify some Chinese materials for the students to practice reading in Chinese. Graded Chinese Readers is such books designed for the Chinese majors.Graded Chinese Readers are divided into two parts. Graded Chinese Reader One is written for the second-year students, and Graded Chinese Reader Two is for the third-year students and above. The vocabulary of Graded Reader One is limited within about 2000 Chinese words. The vocabulary of the Chinese students of Chinese department of Ca Forscari University is roughly estimated about 2000 or more, including about 1700 basic Chinese words and the proper nouns of the Chinese text books, Chinese Grammar by Abbiati Magda, Modern Chinese by Ren Yuan and Abbiati Magda（from Lesson 1 to Lesson 60）, Chinese Characters by Abbiati Magda and Chen Liansheng. Besides this, students have learned some Chinese words from other lessons, such as Chinese literature, Chinese philosophy, etc. Although it is impossible to get the exact number of the Chinese words that the students learned in the first two years, but they should have learned at least about 2000 Chinese words. Through reading, students can practice reading with words they have learned. In Graded Chinese Readers, for some unfamiliar words beyond the 1700 basic words, Pinyin is given in the parentheses, which will be easy for the students to look up Chinese dictionaries.Graded Chinese Reader Two is for the students of the third year and above, based on both Graded Chinese Reader One and HSK basic vocabulary, about 3051 words in all. The words beyond the basic vocabulary, Pinyin is also given in parentheses next to the word. Although the stories in Graded Chinese Reader Two is the same as Graded Chinese Reader One, students will read and learn more vivid and useful language than in Graded Chinese Reader One. If students want to read the original works, they can easily find them in library of the Chinese Department of Ca Forscari University.The main purpose of Graded Chinese Readers is to help students to learn Chinese language, and to improve their reading comprehension. The short stories selected give prominence to readability and practicability of language. The stories describe about Chinese peoples life happened in recent twenty years since the opening and reforming in China. The themes, structures, plots are clear for students to read smoothly. Therefore, these short stories will help students to know todays life in China. In order to help students have a good comprehension, there is a guide to reading before each story, and a brief story analysis after reading. The author hopes Graded Chinese Readers will be helpful to students in their Chinese learning. Constructive suggestions about compiling and writing graded Chinese readers from colleagues and students are sincerely welcome, for this is a new attempt to write simplified Chinese reading materials for CFL students. The authors E-mail is Shi Ji September, 2006. 前言任何一门外语的学习，都离不开阅读。通过阅读提高语言水平是一个有效的途径。基础汉字、语法、词汇是阅读的基础，阅读是对基础语言知识的强化。就汉语而言，汉语的字、词、句只有在具体的语境中才能获得其准确的意义。因此阅读对汉语学习具有十分重要的意义。汉语有着自身的语言特点，比如，汉字的组词能力强，一个汉字可以与不同的字搭配，在掌握了常用汉字3500个以后，可以组成各种新词。然而，在汉语学习的过程中，学生要掌握汉语的常用字和常用词难度非常大。ABBIATI MAGDA 教授曾经指出：“对于意大利学生来说，汉语是一种非常难学的语言，有的学生甚至认为学汉语等于同时学两门外语，一门是一般外语的听和说，另一门是使用特殊文字汉字的读和写。”（世界对外汉语教学1994）。掌握汉字和汉语词汇难，用汉语阅读更是难上加难。由于文化背景不同，再加上各种语言障碍，意大利学生想用汉语阅读报纸、小说等有着难以想象的困难。但是学生们却渴望用他们所学的汉语去了解汉语，了解中国的文化。因此，学生很需要一些符合学生实际汉语水平的汉语阅读材料。汉语分级读物就是根据意大利学生的汉语词汇量简写的汉语词汇分级读物。汉语分级读物分为“中国当代短篇小说选-汉语2000词简写本”和“中国当代汉语短篇小说-汉语3000词简写本”。 两个读本中的故事一样，但是对词汇量要求不同。汉语分级读物（一）的阅读词汇量限制在 2000个词左右，适合于中文专业二年级的学生阅读。“汉语2000词简写本”所用的词汇参照了Magda Abbiati编著的汉语语法，任远、Magda Abbiati编著的现代汉语中的160课， Magda Abbiati、陈连生编著的汉字教程等三种教材。凡是学生不熟悉的词均给出拼音，以便查阅词典。汉语分级读物（一）的2000汉语词汇主要包括以上三种汉语教材中的约1700个汉语基础词汇，和所学课文中的专有名词。除此之外，威尼斯大学的中文系学生