Unit 5 生活起居.doc

高考总复习全效新方略 词汇学习必备教育不是要把篮子装满，而是要把灯点亮！Unit 5 教案单元话题生活起居教学目标复习生活起居话题词汇，了解相关常识，通过阅读、完形来复习巩固本单元话题词汇，并能用所学词汇表达与话题相关的观点或内容。教学重点entrance, rent, shelter, settle; furniture; dress, wear, have . on, put on, stay up, wake up; switch; charge, equipment; fix, repair, remove, replace; cut off, out of order, run out, use up教学难点1. 重点词charge, dress, fix, repair, settle的释义、用法和搭配以及考点指导；nail（钉子；指甲）熟词生义。2. 辨析rent, hire; repair, fix, mend; dress, have on, put on, wear。3. 所学话题词汇如 repair, fix, settle及其短语在高考完形填空中常出现，需要掌握释义、用法和搭配。教学建议1. 本单元名词多为生活起居用品，达到拼写或认知即可；动词或短语多为输出词汇，需要会用，应重点落 实。2. 有关做家务或者周末安排的写作可以多练一些。教学资源一、导学案：见电子文档二、备课参考(红色标注为本单元释义)entrance n.u C 入口；门口 反exit the station entrance 车站入口处Ill meet you at the main entrance to / of the school. 我在学校的正门跟你见面。v C 常用单数 进入；入场Everyone rose at the judges entrance. 法官入场时，所有人都起立。She made her entrance after all the other guests had arrived. 其他客人都到了之后她才到场。w U 进入权；进入许可an entrance fee 入场费entrance examinations 入学考试rent vt. & vi. 租用；出租rent an apartment from sb 从某人那里租套公寓rent the room to students 把房间租给学生The apartment rents at $2,000 a month. 这套公寓以每月2 000美元出租。n. C & U 租金pay the rent 付租金The rent for an apartment there is very high. 那儿的房租很高。 外研 4for rent 供租用Is this room for rent? 这间房出租吗？点拨一：rent (产出词汇)rent, hire辨析二者都有“租，租用”之意。rent 在英国指较长时间租出或租入房屋、商店或土地；而在美国指长时间或短时期租用各种资产以及日用东西。hire多指短期租用。在英国一般指租用车、船。settle vi. & vt. 坐下；(使) 处于舒适的位置The dog settled on the grass to enjoy its bone. 那条狗舒服地坐在草地上享受骨头的美味。She settled herself into her chair and started to shade read. 她舒舒服服地坐在椅子上开始看书。 vi. & vt. (移民、殖民) 定居 (于)We settled happily into our new life in the town. 我们高兴地在那个镇上定居下来，开始了新的生活。This region was settled by the Dutch in the 19th century. 这个地区在19世纪开始有荷兰人定居。w vi. & vt. 对某事达成一致意见；和解settle an argument 解决争论Most of the problems have been settled satisfactorily. 大多数问题已得到满意的解决。x vt. 常用于被动语态 确定；决定 When do you go to America? 你什么时候去美国？ Nothings settled yet. 一切待定。It was settled that they would get married in June.他们决定6月结婚。y vi. & vt. (使) 平静；(使) 安定Wait until all the excitement has settled. 等到激动的情绪平静下来再说。She breathed deeply to settle her nerves. 她深呼吸来平复自己的紧张情绪。 vi. 降落；停留A butterfly settled on a red flower. 一只蝴蝶落在一朵红色的花上面。Her eyes settled on the baby. 她的目光停留在婴儿身上。 vi. 围绕；充满Depression settled over her like a heavy black cloud. 忧郁的情绪像一片乌云笼罩在她的心头。settle back 舒服地坐下 / 躺下She settled back in her seat to enjoy the film. 她舒服地坐着看电影。settle down 舒适地坐下 / 躺下They put up the tent, and settled down to eat the sandwiches. 他们搭起帐篷，舒服地坐下来享受三明治。 2009 江西 安顿下来；安定下来When are you going to get married and settle down? 你打算什么时候结婚成家，安定下来啊？w (使) 平静She didnt start the lesson until the pupils settled down. 等学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。点拨二：settle (产出词汇)1. 掌握settle的不同释义和短语动词及搭配2. 考点复现While she was getting me _ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. 答案：settled settle (down) to 开始专心于；着手认真做With so much noise outside, I couldnt settle down to my work. 外面那么吵，我不能专心工作。settle for 勉强接受；将就She doesnt settle for anything but the best. 她只想要最好的，绝不会将就。settle in / into 适应；习惯 (新事物)Hows your new home? Are you settling in OK? 你的新家怎么样？你习惯吗？She soon settled into her new college life. 她很快就适应了大学的新生活。settle on 决定；同意We must settle on a place to meet. 我们得把见面的地点定下来。sheltern.U 居所；住处Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs. 食品、衣物、燃料和住所是人类四种最基本的需求。2011 湖北改C 遮盖物；躲避处；避难所We should find a shelter from the wind. 我们应该找个避风的地方。Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。 人教4wU 保护；掩蔽；庇护find / take shelter from the rain 避雨They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree. 他们站在一棵大树下躲着。v. vt. 庇护；保护；为提供避难所The darkness of the night sheltered their activities. 黑夜掩护了他们的行动。shelter . from sb / sth:Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms. 人们种树使这个地区免受强沙尘暴的侵袭。 vi. 躲避；避难We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun. 我们坐在背阴处躲避日晒。furniture n. U (总称) 家具Bills room did not have much furniture. 比尔的房间里没有多少家具。注 指“一件家具”时，可用a piece of furniture或 an article of furniture等表示。This old table is a very valuable piece of furniture. 这张旧桌子是一件很有价值的家具。点拨三：shelter (产出词汇)考点复现Some parents are just too protective. They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. (2009 湖北)A. spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish答案：C点拨四：wear (产出词汇)考点复现Mother always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly. (2013 江西)A. find out B. wash outC. wear out D. set out答案：Cdressvi. & vt. (给) 穿衣服；穿的衣服Get up and dress quickly. 快穿衣服起床。Wake up the children and dress them. 叫醒孩子们，给他们穿上衣服。The students often dressed themselves in school uniform. 学生们经常穿校服。Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. 他穿着白色的制服，看起来不像个医生，倒更像个厨师。dress up (给) 穿上盛装；(给) 乔装打扮dress up for the wedding 穿上盛装参加婚礼They dress up and try to frighten people. 他们乔装打扮去吓唬别人。 人教 1辨析见 wearn.U 衣服wear casual / formal dress 穿便服 / 礼服C 连衣裙a long white dress 白色的长连衣裙wear v. vt. 穿 / 戴着；蓄留着wear ones hair long 蓄长发She was wearing jeans and a sweater. 她穿着牛仔裤和毛衣。2006 辽宁He is tall and thin, and wears glasses. 他又高又瘦，戴着眼镜。北师大 15 vi. & vt. 磨损This old overcoat is much worn. 这件旧大衣已穿得很破旧。The carpet has worn in many places. 地毯已多处磨损。The material wears well. 这种材料很耐用。w vt. 面带 / 露 (表情、态度等)wear a smile 面带微笑wear out 穿破；磨损My old boots are worn out. 我的旧靴子穿破了。 (使) 疲乏；(使) 耗尽；(使) 厌倦The game wore him out. 那场比赛把他累坏了。辨 wear, put on, dress三者均可作“穿”解，但意义、用法不同。wear 强调穿衣的状态，即衣服已穿在身上。 The girl is wearing a new coat. 那个女孩穿着一件新上衣。put on 侧重表示穿衣的动作、过程。 He put his coat on and hurried out. 他穿上外套，急匆匆地出去了。dress 常含注意选择服饰，为某一正式场合而穿着得体的服装等意，既可表穿衣动作，又可表穿衣状态；作及物动词时，宾语为人。 Dont come in! Im dressing. 别进来！我在穿衣服。 Wait! Im just dressing the baby. 等等！我在给孩子穿衣服。 He got dressed in his Sunday clothes. 他穿上了自己最好的衣服。have . on 不用于进行时 穿着；戴着；安排The emperor had nothing on. 皇帝什么都没穿。Have you anything on this afternoon? 你下午有事吗？put on 穿上；戴上；抹Remember to put on more clothes to keep warm. 记得多穿点衣服保暖。Ive got to put this cream on twice a day. 这种乳霜我一天得搽两次。 使运转；播放I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed. 我打开车灯，以很慢的速度向前行驶。 2011 广东I didnt see him but I heard him put on his favourite CD. 我没看见他但听到他播放自己最喜欢的CD了。 译林 1w 增加Hes put on a lot of weight. 他的体重增加了很多。 译林 3x 上演 (戏剧等)We once put on a performance of Hamlet. 我们曾表演过哈姆雷特。 北师大 15y 征收 (税金等)；施加 (压力)；将归咎put a tax on 征税They put pressure on her to resign. 他们向她施加压力，让她自动请辞。He put the blame for his failure on me. 他把自己的失败归咎于我。stay up 熬夜I stayed up all night preparing for my history exam. 我熬了整夜准备历史考试。 2007 天津switchn. C 开关；电闸turn on / off the light switch 打开 / 关掉灯的开关 骤变；突变vt. & vi. 转变；交换He switched the conversation from one subject to another. 他把话题换来换去。Wed take the train into the city center, then switching to the tram. 我们乘火车到市中心，接着换乘电车。 2012 湖北改 开 / 关 (电器等设备)switch off 关上 (电灯、电视等)Please switch off the TV when you go to bed. 睡觉时请关上电视。 北师大 1switch on 打开 (电灯、电视等)I hear that song whenever I switch on the radio. 每次打开收音机时我们都能听到那首歌。 外研 3switch over 改变；转换Weve switched over to telephone banking. 我们已经改用电话银行服务了。charge n. U 主管；负责 in charge (of sth):Id like to speak to the person in charge. 我想跟负责人谈谈。Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales please? 我能同国际销售部的负责人谈谈吗？ 2009 全国 in / under sbs charge:The files were left in your charge. 这些文件由你负责处理。 take charge of:Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? 你知道琳达是否愿意接管这个项目吗？ 2010 安徽点拨五：charge (产出词汇)通过charge的基本义和衍生义之间的联系记忆单词。 C & U 费用；价钱an admission charge of $5 5美元的入场费Your order will be sent free of charge. 你订的货物将免费送达。The monthly charge for this service is only $29. 这项服务的收费每月仅为29美元。 2012 全国w C 指控；罪名She was arrested on the charge of theft. 她因被控偷盗而被捕。Police dropped the charges against him because of insufficient evidence. 由于证据不足，警方放弃了对他的起诉。 C & U 电荷；电量on charge 充电中a positive / negative charge 正 / 负电荷v. vt. & vi. (向) 收费；开价 charge (sb / sth) for sth:We wont charge you for delivery. 我们免费送货。Do you think museums should charge for admission? 你认为博物馆该收入场费吗？I wonder how much you charge for your services. 我想知道你们收取多少服务费。 2009 安徽 charge sb sth (for sth):The restaurant only charged me $40. 餐馆仅收了我 40美元 vt. 指控；控告charge sb with (doing) sth:She is charged with murdering her husband. 她被控谋害其夫。w vi. & vt. (给) 充电He had forgotten to charge the battery. 他忘记了给电池充电。 vi. & vt. (向) 冲；进攻When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole, they wait patiently and can charge at any second. 当狮子隐藏在水坑边上准备攻击时，它们会耐心地等待着，随时都会发起攻击。 2006 安徽 charger n. C 充电器equipment n. U 装备；设备；器械；装置There are a lot of pieces of equipment in the gym. 健身馆里有很多设备。 译林 1fix vt. 使固定；安装；牢记fix a post in the ground 把柱子固定在地上fix a mirror on the wall 在墙上装镜子You must fix forever in your mind all the wonders of that particular day. 你一定要把那天所发生的奇迹牢牢记住。 2007 北京 安排；确定；决定fix a trip 安排一次旅行They have fixed a date for the meeting. 他们已经确定了开会的日期。w 修理；整理Before the trip, Id had my car fixed. 出发前，我找人修理了我的汽车。 2007 山东Let me just fix my hair before we go out. 让我整理下头发再出门。 解决；处理In my memory he could fix any problem. 在我的记忆中，他能处理任何问题。 2011 重庆fix on / upon 集中 (目光、注意力等) 于I fixed my eyes on the word“congratulations.”我的眼睛盯着“祝贺你”这几个字。You must fix your attention on what the teacher is saying. 你必须集中注意力听老师讲。fix up 修理好；安顿；安排They fixed up the house before they moved in. 他们把房子修整好才搬进去。They fixed me up for the night in a hotel. 他们安排我在一家旅馆过夜。n. C 解决方法a quick fix 即时的解决方法remove vt.u 移动；调动The Russians were able to remove furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄国人能把琥珀屋里的家具和小型艺术饰品搬走。 人教 1v 消除；去掉remove sbs doubts 消除某人的疑虑He removed a notice from the door. 他揭掉了门上的告示。w 把免职；撤去remove a man from office 免除一个人的职务点拨六：equipment equip vt. 装备；配备equip with 用装备 (体力、智力上) 使有准备；使有资格equip sb for a job 使某人具备做某项工作的条件点拨七：fix (产出词汇) fix, repair, mend辨析三者都表示“修理，修补”的意思。repair 比fix 或mend略正式，修补破损或有洞的东西可以用repair, 修理机器、车辆常用fix, 修补衣服上的洞、道路、屋顶或围栏常用mend。repair vt. 修理repair a broken watch 修理坏掉的手表n. C & U 修理；修补名 A man should keep his friendship in constant repair. 只有经常维系，方能保持友谊天长地久。 约翰逊beyond repair 无法修复out of repair 失修under repair 在修理中The castle built in 1432 is under repair. 这座建于1432年的城堡正在修缮中。 人教 3replace vt.u 替换；更换The new rice replaced vegetables in 50 thousand square kilometers. 这一新品种的水稻取代了蔬菜，被种植在5万平方公里的土地上。 外研4Wed be happy to replace the radio for you. 我们愿意为您更换这台收音机。 2006 湖北v 把放回原处Replace the magazines after reading. 杂志阅读后请放回原处。replace . with / by 用替换The factory replaced most of its workers with robots. 厂方用机器人替换了大多数工人。cut off 切掉；切断；常用被动 使隔绝The floods cut off their supplies. 洪水切断了他们的供给。One of his fingers was cut off in the accident. 他的一根手指在事故中被切掉了。Finally he reached a lonely island which was completely cut off fr