2014年广州英语三模试题及答案(定稿).doc

2014年广州市高三英语备考练习题（1）2014.5本试卷共12页，三大题, 满分135分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县/区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I chose to live in the beautiful Cumberland Valley of Maryland after I completed my service in the army. 1 , at that time there were few jobs available in the area. With a little research I found that a number of companies in the area were either owned or 2 by an unusual businessman, Henry House, whose rise from poverty to riches 3 me. However, he was known for being 4 to job seekers.I interviewed some people and found that Mr Houses major interest was in his drive for power and 5 . Since he protected himself from people like me by use of a 6 and strict secretary, I 7 her interests and goals and only then did I pay an unannounced visit at her office. When I told her I had a plan which might bring her boss financial and political success, she became enthusiastic. I also talked with her about her constructive 8 in his success. After this 9 , she arranged for me to meet Mr House.I entered his 10 and impressive office, determined not to ask directly for a 11 . He was seated behind a large carved desk and 12 at me, “How about it, young man?” The volume of his voice surprised me but I remained calm. I said, “Mr. House, I believe I can make money for you.” Although he didnt get up, he 13 me to sit in one of the large chairs. I described my ideas and the qualifications I had to 14 these ideas, as well as how they would contribute to his personal success and that of his businesses.He 15 me at once and for over twenty years I have grown in his enterprises and we both have prospered.1. A. FirstlyB. UnfortunatelyC. InterestinglyD. Thankfully2. A. namedB. refusedC. bannedD. controlled3. A. annoyedB. interestedC. alarmedD. puzzled4. A. kindB. cruelC. inaccessibleD. superior5. A. moneyB. loveC. familyD. friendship6. A. cheerfulB. sillyC. lovelyD. serious7. A. followedB. studiedC. guessedD. required8. A. responseB. participationC. attitudeD. effect9. A. examinationB. translationC. conversationD. discussion10. A. hugeB. simpleC. uglyD. empty11. A. jobB. favorC. seatD. talk12. A. aimedB. smiledC. shoutedD. wondered13. A. ledB. forcedC. arrangedD. invited14. A. formB. considerC. sellD. achieve15. A. leftB. refusedC. hiredD. promised第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Water is one of your most urgent needs in a survival situation. You cant live long 16 it, especially in hot areas, 17 you lose water rapidly through perspiration (流汗). Even in cold areas, you need a minimum of 2 liters of water each day to keep your body going. Water helps you keep up your body temperature, oils your organs, and is required to break down body fat and to digest the food you eat. 18 you do not take in enough water, your body will begin pulling 19 from other places, including your blood. When water is removed from your blood, the blood thickens, making it 20 (difficult) than usual for the heart to pump blood through your body. You become tired, lack energy, and will be 21 (able) to function properly.More than three-fourths of your body 22 (compose) of liquids. Your body loses water because of heat, cold, stress, and hard work. To function effectively, you must replace the water your body loses. So, one of your first goals is 23 (obtain) an adequate supply of water and to do that, you must find a water source 24 build a water container to collect water. Then 25 water must be made clean before it is safe to drink.II 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第一节 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHoli is the Hindu festival of colors. It is celebrated at the end of the winter season, on the last full moon day of the lunar month Phalguna. In 2014, Holi was celebrated on March 17.Holi is celebrated by Hindus all over the world. Holi celebrations begin on the eve of the festival with bonfires and prayers. On the day of Holi, people throw colored powder and liquids at each other. A common greeting during this time is, “Happy Holi.”Holi celebrations are particularly wild and uncontrolled in India as social rules are relaxed. Colored water is squirted on passers-by, and people are dunked into muddy water. Many people drink bhang, a powerful wine made from a plant. Social differences are temporarily ignored and people of all ages, genders and backgrounds gather together and celebrate the festival. In fact, it is said that one can get away with almost any kind of behavior on the day of Holi by saying “dont mind, it is Holi.” In addition to the boisterous nature of the festival, this is a time for family members to get together, give gifts, eat special foods and decorate their homes. Overall, this is one of the most spirited and beloved festivals of the Hindu calendar.The celebration of Holi is described in Hindu historical texts and stories that have passed from generation to generation. Holi commemorates the mythical story of a young boy called Prahlada, the son of the king of demons (恶魔). Unable to tolerate Prahladas devotion to Vishnu, a good god, his demon father attempted to kill him several times by poisoning him, throwing him from the top of a mountain, etc. but failed each time. Finally, he ordered his son to sit on a fire on the lap of his demoness sister, Holika, who was protected from the flames. Prahlada accepted his fathers command and survived unharmed from the fire while his sister was burned to death. This story is widely known throughout India, and as with most Hindu tales, it varies slightly in different parts of the country.26. The passage is written to _. A. report the celebration of an Indian festival B. explain why Holi is important to Indians C. introduce a popular Indian festival D. tell the origin of an Indian festival27. The underlined word “boisterous” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _.A. colourful and crazyB. lively and energeticC. dirty and angryD. peaceful and quiet28. During the festival of Holi, people do the following EXCEPT _. A. colour their faces and bodies and drink muddy water B. get together with the family and enjoy special food C. throw coloured powder and give gifts to friends D. say prayers and celebrate with bonfires29. What can we infer from the passage?A. India is a country with relaxed social rules.B. Bhang is a very popular daily drink in India.C. Criminals will be forgiven if they celebrate Holi.D. Social class differences are very obvious in India.30. According to the last paragraph, Holi was originally celebrating _.A. the end of winterB. the birth of a godC. victory of good against badD. love between family membersBThey tell us when to get up or when were running late for work and whether we are in danger of missing our favourite TV programme. But while our daily routines rely on clocks that tell us the time, science is discovering that our well-being is influenced by a very different kind of timepiece. Circadian rhythms the human bodys own internal clock have a powerful influence on our health and behaviour. They are programmed from birth and control functions ranging from temperature and blood pressure to sleep patterns.In recent years researchers have also discovered that this built-in mechanism can influence everything from the way we react to medicines to how well we learn music.The latest example, from experts at Harvard University in the US, shows that the human body clock can even dictate whether or not we are likely to tell the truth. Researchers found it was easier for people to fib in the afternoon because, as they were tired, the self control that would normally prevent them from lying started to break down. Tiredness made it harder to resist the temptation to tell lies especially if it meant they got a financial reward at the end.“The body clock has a great effect on us all,” says Professor Jim Horne from the Sleep Research Centre at Loughborough University. “Most people tend to feel good around late morning and then decline in the early afternoon. But the time most of us will feel our sharpest is between 6pm and 8pm. Thats because sleepiness tends to build up throughout the day. By early evening our body clock kicks in to wake us up. One reason may be to ensure we get home safely. When our ancestors were coming home after hunting all day their internal clocks kicked in to get them home in one piece.”So what effects do circadian rhythms have and whats the best time of day to take advantage of them?31. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to _. A. our clocksB. scientists and expertsC. our daily routinesD. circadian rhythms 32. The research referred to in Paragraph 3 found that people tend to _.A. tell lies when they are tiredB. tell lies if they are rewardedC. lose temper as they become tiredD. break down because they are tired33. According to the passage, when are people most quick-thinking? A. In the morning.B. Around midday.C. In the late afternoon.D. In the early evening.34. What information will the writer probably present following the last paragraph?A. Some practical suggestions to prevent people from lying.B. Examples of how the human body clocks control the body.C. Examples of the most suitable time to do different activities.D. An explanation of how the human body clock controls the body.35. What is the best title for the passage?A. Rebuild your body clockB. Timing is everythingC. Sleep more, lie lessD. Your time is upC3D printers are a new generation of machines that can make everyday things. Theyre remarkable because they can produce different kinds of objects, in different materials, all from the same machine. A 3D printer can make pretty much anything from clay cups to plastic toys, metal machine parts, fancy chocolate cakes or even (one day soon) human body parts. If you look at a page from your home printer with a microscope, youll see the letters are actually sitting slightly on top of the surface of the page. In theory, if you printed over that same page a few thousand times, the ink would build up enough layers (层) to create a solid 3D model of each letter. That idea of building a physical form out of tiny layers is how a 3D printer works.You start by designing a 3D object on an ordinary home PC, connect it to a 3D printer, press “print” and then sit back and watch. The process is a bit like making a loaf of sliced bread, but in the opposite order. Imagine baking each individual slice of bread and then gluing them together into a whole loaf. Thats basically what a 3D printer does.The 3D printing process turns a whole object into thousands of tiny little slices, and then forms a single solid object slice by slice. You can print a whole bike handlebars, saddle, frame, wheels, brakes, pedals and chain ready assembled, without using any tools. Its just a question of leaving spaces in the right places.Have you ever broken something, only to find its no longer sold and you cant replace it? 3D printing means you can simply print a new one. That world, where you can make almost anything at home, is very different from the one we live in today. Its a world that doesnt need trucks to deliver goods or warehouses to store them in, where nothing is ever out of stock and where there is less waste, packaging and pollution.Its also a world where everyday items, such as shoes and furniture, can be easily made to your requirements. You can get some of those things now if youre wealthy, but 3D printing brings affordable, designer manufacturing to the masses. If that sounds like pure fantasy, try googling “personalized 3D printed products” and see for yourself.36. You need all of the following to do some 3D printing EXCEPT _.A. a computerB. some glue C. some materialsD. a 3D printer37. The second and third paragraphs mainly explain _.A. how a 3D printer actually functionsB. the process of making a loaf of breadC. why the first 3D printer was inventedD. what 3D printers can actually produce38. Which of the following is an advantage of 3D printing according to the passage?A. You can produce almost everything in the warehouse.B. You can print things in large numbers and sell them.C. Things you print wont need places to store.D. It will cause less waste and pollution.39. You can now use the 3D printer to solve your problem when you _.A. have lost one of your shirt buttonsB. want a big house to live inC. run out of drinking waterD. need to replace an organ40. From the last paragraph we can learn that 3D printing productions are _. A. easy to order through GoogleB. as popular as online shoppingC. still unbelievable to many peopleD. cheap to produce in mass productionDWhat exactly is language for? To many people, the answer seems obvious. Its for the transfer of useful facts, such as “Dinner will be served at eight oclock”, “Peters uncle has twisted his ankle”, and “Kangaroos live in Australia”.However, even when information is apparently conveyed, its reliability is not guaranteed. The speaker might have been lying, or even misunderstood, “We are now at take-off”, the pilot of a Boeing 747 announced. He meant, “We are now in the process of taking off”. The air-traffic controller assumed he meant, “We are waiting at the take-off point”. As a consequence, 583 people died as two planes crashed at an airport in Paris.Generally, language is moderately good at communicating simple pieces of factual information such as “John is Sallys cousin”, providing the speaker is telling the truth. Such “information talking” is usually assumed to be at the core of language. Yet its effectiveness in the role depends on the type of information being conveyed.Language is bad at handling spatial information, whether for tying knots, following directions or learning about the circulation of the blood. Consider the instructions for tying a simple knot:1. Pass the end of the rope over the standing part.2. Take the end under the standing part from the loop.3. Bring the end of the rope back over itself towards the loop.4. etc.Without a diagram this description is almost impossible to understand, even though it is accurate. Language is also particularly poor at communicating information about our senses and feeling.But language is particularly good at promoting communication between people. It “oils social wheels”, even when nothing important is said, as pointed out by the language expert Bill West, who argued against “the false idea of language as a means of conveying ideas from the head to the speaker to that of the listener”. He stressed the social importance of “talking for the sake of talking”, which he labeled “phatic communication”.It is easy to think up examples. Customary words and gestures are exchanged when people meet, “Good morning”, “Hi there!”. And there are standard topics of conversation. In Britain this is traditionally the weather. In other countries, it may be the health of relatives, as in the custom in southern India.Conversational interaction between friends often supplies a minimum of information, but a maximum of supportive chat. Meaningless words, or even misunderstood words can keep a conversation going. So “solidarity talking”, talking to maintain social relations, is widespread and important.41. The author includes “Kangaroos live in Australia” in Paragraph 1 to _.A. explain the idea that language has changedB. argue that language can be used for reasoningC. tell a well-known fact which cannot be disprovenD. give an example of language used for giving information42. The author uses the example of the plane accident in Paragraph 2 to show that _.A. the pilot was actually lyingB. language may be misunderstoodC. language may be difficult to masterD. the pilot had a poor command of the language43. Which of the following is NOT an example of spatial information?A. Tying a knot.B. Giving instructions.C. Following directions.D. Learning about the circulation of blood.44. Which of the following would the writer agree with?A. Language is used to convey emotions and sensations well.B. Language is particularly good at conveying information.C. Language is effective at keeping social communication.D. Language is able to convey spatial information well.45. According to the passage, telling a stranger standing next to you at a bus stop that “its a lovely day today” would be an example of _.A. phatic communicationB. weather reporting C. information talkD. solidarity talk第二节 信息匹配 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先，请阅读以下招聘信息。A. Secretary experienced office worker with excellent typing (50 words per min), good computer skills, and strong customer service ability needed to run the office for the manager. Experience in import-export industry an advantage but not required. Part-time position 3 days (18 hours) per week.B. Sales clerk busy city-centre womens clothing store looking for well-presented 20 to 30- year-olds, with good understand