最小二乘法拟合圆公式推导及matlab实现.doc

2009-01-17|最小二乘法拟合圆公式推导及matlab实现 最小二乘法(least squares analysis)是一种数学优化技术，它通过最小化误差的平方和找到一组数据的最佳函数匹配。最小二乘法是用最简的方法求得一些绝对不可知的真值，而令误差平方之和为最小。 最小二乘法通常用于曲线拟合 (least squares fitting) 。这里有拟合圆曲线 的公式推导过程和vc实现。matlab 实现：functionR,A,B=irc(x,y,N)%x,y是平面点的坐标，N是点个数%R是拟合半径，A，B是圆心的平面坐标x1=0;x2=0;x3=0;y1=0;y2=0;y3=0;x1y1=0;x1y2=0;x2y1=0;for i=1:Nx1=x1+x(i);x2=x2+x(i)*x(i);x3=x3+x(i)*x(i)*x(i);y1=y1+y(i);y2=y2+y(i)*y(i);y3=y3+y(i)*y(i)*y(i);x1y1=x1y1+x(i)*y(i);x1y2=x1y2+x(i)*y(i)*y(i);x2y1=x2y1+x(i)*x(i)*y(i);endC=N*x2-x1*x1;D=N*x1y1-x1*y1;E=N*x3+N*x1y2-(x2+y2)*x1;G=N*y2-y1*y1;H=N*x2y1+N*y3-(x2+y2)*y1;a=(H*D-E*G)/(C*G-D*D);b=(H*C-E*D)/(D*D-G*C);c=-(a*x1+b*y1+x2+y2)/N;A=a/(-2);B=b/(-2);R=sqrt(a*a+b*b-4*c)/2;VCvoid CViewActionImageTool:LeastSquaresFitting() if (m_nNum3) return; int i=0; double X1=0; double Y1=0; double X2=0; double Y2=0; double X3=0; double Y3=0; double X1Y1=0; double X1Y2=0; double X2Y1=0; for (i=0;im_nNum;i+) X1 = X1 + m_pointsi.x; Y1 = Y1 + m_pointsi.y; X2 = X2 + m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.x; Y2 = Y2 + m_pointsi.y*m_pointsi.y; X3 = X3 + m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.x; Y3 = Y3 + m_pointsi.y*m_pointsi.y*m_pointsi.y; X1Y1 = X1Y1 + m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.y; X1Y2 = X1Y2 + m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.y*m_pointsi.y; X2Y1 = X2Y1 + m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.x*m_pointsi.y; double C,D,E,G,H,N; double a,b,c; N = m_nNum; C = N*X2 - X1*X1; D = N*X1Y1 - X1*Y1; E = N*X3 + N*X1Y2 - (X2+Y2)*X1; G = N*Y2 - Y1*Y1; H = N*X2Y1 + N*Y3 - (X2+Y2)*Y1; a = (H*D-E*G)/(C*G-D*D); b = (H*C-E*D)/(D*D-G*C); c = -(a*X1 + b*Y1 + X2 + Y2)/N; double A,B,R; A = a/(-2); B = b/(-2)