2019_2020学年高中英语Unit1LifestylesPeriodFive练习（含解析）北师大版必修1.docx

PeriodFiveLesson4CityandCountry.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)1.accountantn.会计，会计师2.tuben.(英)地铁3.otherwiseadv.否则；另外4.forecastn.预报；预测5.lungn.肺6.cigarn.雪茄烟7.quietadj.轻声的；安静的8.noisyadj.吵闹的；聒噪的；嘈杂的9.biscuitn.饼干10.gymn.体育馆；健身房.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)11.crowdedadj.拥挤的crowdn.人群，一伙人12.nearbyadj.附近的adv.在附近nearadj.近的；亲近的13.sicknessn.疾病sickadj.生病的；恶心的14.distancen.距离distantadj.遥远的15.imaginen.想象，猜想imaginationn.想象力16.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地，令人遗憾地17.especiallyadv.特别，尤其18.causevt.导致，引起，使发生19.popularadj.受欢迎的；流行的20.communicationn.交流，交易communicatev.交流，沟通.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共10小题；每小题4分，满分40分)21.farawayfrom远离22.begoodfor对有好处23.inthenorthof在的北部24.distancelearning远程学习25.twiceayear每年两次26.beatwork在工作27.makesure确保；保证28.befreeof没有；不受影响/限制29.beinterestedin对感兴趣30.befondof喜爱.完成句子(共4小题；每小题5分，满分20分)31.ThatswhatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.那就是人们所称的伦敦地铁。32.Usually，itssocrowdedthatIcantfindanywheretosit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。33.Weliketovisitnice，quietplacesfarawayfromthecityandgowalkingwheretherearenoshops，crowdsorthetube.我们喜欢去那些风光秀丽、幽静而又远离城市的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方散步。34.Wedonthavethesameworkhoursthatofficeworkersinthecityhave.我们的工作时间和城市里办公室工作人员的不同。.Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1.Dhemorning.(F)2.DebbiegetsupearlierthanPauleverymorning.(F)3.DebbieworksinthecentreofLondonwhilePaulworksinthenorthofEngland.(T)4.DebbieandPaularebothmoviefansandbothseemoviesalot.(F)5.PaulandhiswifelikeallthecrowdsandthenoiseinLondon.(F).Choosethebestansweraccordingtothetexts.1.Fromthefirstparagraphsofthetwotexts，wecanknowthat.A.DebbiehastogetupveryearlybutPauldoesnthavetoB.DebbieisrathertiredoftheundergroundC.DebbiegoestoworkbycareverydayD.Paulhastotravelfarawaytoworkeveryday答案B2.WhydoesDebbiegotothegym?A.Becauseshehasalotoffreetime.B.Becausesheislackinginexercise.C.Becauseshewantstokeepagoodfigure.D.Becauseshehasnoplacetogowalking.答案B3.WhydoesPaulgetupsoearlyinthemorning?A.Becausehehastotakethetubetowork.B.Becausesomejobsneedtobedoneearlyinthemorning.C.Becauseheisalwaysdisturbedbytheanimalshefeeds.D.Becausehehastogotothecitytobuysomethingearly.答案B4.PaulstudiesChinese.A.intheschoolB.togetherwithhischildrenC.byhimselfD.bydistancelearning答案D5.BothDebbieandPaul.A.seefilmsB.lovegoingshoppingC.eatlunchoutsideD.studyFrench答案A重点词汇Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。crowdedadj.拥挤的；挤满的；装满的be crowded with.挤满crowd n.人群，一伙人v.挤满，塞满crowd in (on sb. )涌上(心头)crowd into.大批涌入the crowd群众，民众a crowd of/crowds of一大群，很多(1)Immediatelythegamewasover，thestreetwascrowdedwithfans.比赛一结束，大街上就挤满了球迷。(2)Wehaveaverycrowded(crowd) schedule.我们的日程排得满满的。(3)Crowds(crowd) ofpeoplepouredintothestreet.成群的人们涌上了街头。语境串记Thecrowdcrowdedintothestadiumwhichwascrowdedwithaudience.民众涌入体育馆，里面挤满了观众。I often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or I just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.我常在附近的三明治店买个三明治，或只吃些饼干，喝杯咖啡。nearbyadj.附近的adv.在附近(1)Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestation.(2018北京)然后他带着钱包去了附近的一个警察局。易混辨析nearby，nearnearbyadj.附近的，邻近的。仅指空间，无比较等级；在句中仅作定语(可前置亦可后置)。nearadj.附近的，不远的。既可指空间，也可指时间，还可指亲情关系，并且有比较级(nearer)和最高级(nearest)；在句中可作表语或定语(仅前置)。选词填空nearby，near(2)Hishouseisveryneartoourschool.(3)Igavemyseattoablindmannearby.I need to do that because I dont get enough exercise otherwise.我需要那样做，否则我就得不到足够的锻炼。otherwiseadv.否则，要不然；除此之外；在其他方面，另外一词多义写出下列句子中otherwise的汉语意思(1)Seizethechance，otherwiseyouwillregretit.否则，要不然(2)Hewasslightlybruised(青肿的) butotherwiseunhurt.除此之外(3)Heisrich，butotherwiseanunhappyman.在其他方面，另外otherwise常用于虚拟语气中，相当于虚拟条件句，亦称“含蓄条件句”。or otherwise或其他情况；或相反(4)DoyouhaveBettysphonenumber?Yes.Otherwise，Iwouldnthavebeenabletoreachheryesterday.(2017天津)你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。不然我昨天就联系不上她了。(5)Wewillgettheresomehow，byboatorotherwise.我们会设法去那里的，乘船也好，用其他办法也好。Sometimes，if the weather forecast is good，my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break.有时，如果天气预报说天气好，我和朋友们就会在周末开车去乡村度假。forecastn.&vt.预报；预测make forecasts about.作关于的预测forecast that.预测(1)Theweatherforecastsaysitwillbecloudywithaslightchanceofrainlatertonight.(2016天津)天气预报说多云，今天夜间下雨的可能性不大。(2)Itssaidthathemadeaccurateforecastsabouttheprices.据说他对价格作了精准的预测。(3)Theexpertsforecastthattheeconomyofthiscountrywillgrowby10%thisyear.专家预测该国今年的经济将增长10%。I have to make sure they are free of sickness.我必须确保它们不生病。makesure确保；保证；弄清楚(后面常接ofsth. 或that引导的宾语从句，that可省略)for sure/certain肯定地be sure to do sth.一定要做某事，务必做某事be sure of/about.对有把握(1)Dadwasstrictwithme.HemadesureImademybedanddidmyhomework.(2017天津)爸爸对我很严格，他会确保我整理了床铺，写完了作业。(2)Heissureof/aboutlivingtoninety.他有把握活到九十岁。(3)Youdbettermakesureoftheexacttimeofthearrivingtrain.你最好弄清楚火车到达的确切时间。(4)Heissuretocome(come) nextweek.他下周一定会来。句型转换(5)Nobodyknowsforsurewhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.Nobodyknowsforcertainwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.befree of/from没有；不受影响/限制be/feel free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事free of charge免费for free免费地；无偿地set.free释放(6)Theylikelivinginavillage，freeofcrowdsandnoise.他们喜欢住在乡村，没有人群和喧闹。(7)Itwasseveralweeksbeforehewascompletelyfreeof/frompain.过了几个星期他的疼痛才完全消除。(8)Ifyouspend100yuaninourstorethisSunday，youwillgetapresentfreeofcharge/forfree.如果这个星期天你能在我们店里消费满一百元，你将免费得到一份礼物。(9)Sinceyouhavefinishedyourwork，youarefreetodo(do) whateveryoulike.既然你已完成了你的工作，那你就可以随心所欲地做你喜欢做的任何事了。(10)Withoutenoughevidence，thepolicehadtosetfreethesuspectoftheaccident.由于没有充足的证据，警察不得不释放了这起事故的嫌疑犯。distancen.距离，路程；远处at/from a distance隔开一段距离，从远处in the distance在远处at a distance of.在远的地方distant adj.遥远的；疏远的图解助记(1)Weareaskedtomeasurethedistancebetweenthetwopoints.我们被要求量出两点之间的距离。(2)Thesoundofthecardiedawayinthedistance.汽车的声音消失在远处。(3)Thepicturelooksbeautifulat/fromadistance.从远处看这幅画很好看。(4)Wesawthemwavingtousatadistanceoftwohundredmeters.我们在相距200米处就看到他们在向我们挥手。(5)Sheisjustadistant(distance) memoryformenow.现在对我来说她只是遥远的记忆。经典句式Thats what people call the underground in London.那就是人们所称的伦敦地铁。本句中what引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语。what可以引导名词性从句，且可以在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语或定语等成分。(1)ThisiswhatIminterestedin.这就是我所感兴趣的。(2)Theywaitedtoseewhattherestoftheclasswoulddo.(2016全国)他们等着看班里其他的同学将做什么。易混辨析that，what引导名词性从句时的区别在引导名词性从句时，that在从句中不作成分，也无具体意义，只起连接作用。what在所引导的名词性从句中作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语，并保持原疑问词的意义或表示“的事情(东西等)”。选词填空that，what(3)Thatweneedmoreequipmentisveryclear.(4)Whatheneedsisacooldrink.(5)Idontthinkwhathesaidisrelevanttothetopicwearediscussing.(6)Thenewscamethatoursportsmeetinghadbeenputoff.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地铁很拥挤，我很难找到座位。so.that.如此以至于，此处引导结果状语从句。so/such.that.引导的结果状语从句可以构成如下结构：(1)Therewassomuchworktodothateverybodygotbored.有那么多工作要做，大家都感到厌烦了。(2)Itwassuchbadweatherthatwestayedatthehotelforawholeday.天气如此糟糕，以至于我们在宾馆待了一整天。(3)Therewassolittletimeleftthatwecouldhardlyfinishthework.剩下的时间太少了，我们几乎不能完成这项工作。选词填空so.that.，such.that.(4)Hewassoangrythathetoretheletterintopieces.(5)Hewasreadingsocarefullythathedidntseemecomein.(6)Itwassodifficultaquestionthatnoneofusworkeditout.(7)TheyaresuchsmallshoesthatIcantwearthem.句型转换(8)Heissuchacleverboythatalltheteacherslikehim.Heissocleveraboythatalltheteacherslikehim.巧学助记so/such.that.句型中so与such的选用：名前such，形/副so；多多少少(many/much/few/little)也用so；little一词特殊记，“小”用such，“少”用so。We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们的工作时间和城市里办公室工作人员的不同。the same.that.表示“同一个，就是原来那一个”；the same.as.表示“与同样的(但不一定是同一个)”。the same后接定语从句时，如果后面的定语从句缺少主语或宾语，则用as来引导；如果是完整的定语从句，需根据不同的先行词在句中的作用来确定用that，when，where，who等。(1)ThisisthesamepenthatIlostyesterday.这正是我昨天丢的那支钢笔。(同一支钢笔)(2)ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.这支钢笔像我昨天丢的那支。(不一定是同一支钢笔)(3)Ireadthesamebookasyou (do).我和你读了同一本书。(4)Theyoungteacheristhesamemanwho/thatvisitedourschoollastyear.这位年轻的老师就是去年来我们学校参观的那个人。(5)Hewasborninthesamehospitalwheremybrotherwasborn.他和我弟弟在同一家医院出生。(6)Ivisitedtheirvillageinthesameyearwhentheyvisitedours.他们来访我们村的同一年我去访问了他们村。.单词拼写1.MrsSmithisafamousaccountant(会计) inabigcompany.2.Theteacherforecast(预测) that15ofhispupilswouldpasstheexamination.3.Hetoldmetotakehimtoashopinanearby(附近的) street.4.Thedistancefromtheschooltothestationistwomiles.5.Whenwebreathe，theairgoesintoourlungs(肺).6.Atnoon，thestationisusuallycrowdedwithpassengers.7.Youmustworkhard，otherwiseyouwillfallbehindothers.8.Sheisabsentbecauseofsickness(疾病).完成句子9.TheTVplayissointerestingthatIhavewatcheditseveraltimes.这部电视剧如此有趣以至于我已经看了好几遍了。10.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.那就是他所担心的。11.Icandistinguishthemfrom/atadistance.我可以从远处辨认出他们。12.ThisisthesamebagthatIlostyesterday.这就是昨天我丢失的那个书包。13.Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。14.Mymotherhasalwaysmadesureweeatveryhealthily.我的妈妈总是确保我们吃得健康。15.Itwasonceabeautifulcityfreeof/frompollution.这曾经是一个美丽无污染的城市。.课文短文改错AsanaccountantinalargecompanyinthecentreofLondon，IneedtobeinmyofficebynineoclockbecauseIusuallygetupatsevenoclock.Itraveltoworkby“thetube”.ThatsthatpeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.Ittookaboutfiftyminutes.Usually，itssuchcrowdedthatIcantfindanywheretositin.Idontliketheunderground！Ispendallmorningcheckingnumbers.Lunchisalwayssimply.Ioftengetasandwichinnearbysandwichshop.Thenintheafternoon，Ireturntothepaperworkintheoffice.OnWednesdaynights，Igotothegym.IneedtodothatbecauseIdontgetenoughexercises.OnTuesdayandThursdaynights，IhaveFrenchclasses.IworkforaFrenchcompany.SoIthinkstudyFrenchwillhelpmeinmyjob.答案AsanaccountantinalargecompanyinthecentreofLondon，IneedtobeinmyofficebynineoclockIusuallygetupatsevenoclock.Itraveltowork“thetube”.ThatspeoplecalltheundergroundinLondon.Itaboutfiftyminutes.Usually，itscrowdedthatIcantfindanywheretositin.Idontliketheunderground！Ispendallmorningcheckingnumbers.Lunchisalways.Ioftengetasandwichinnearbysandwichshop.Thenintheafternoon，Ireturntothepaperworkintheoffice.OnWednesdaynights，Igotothegym.IneedtodothatbecauseIdontgetenough.OnTuesdayandThursdaynights，IhaveFrenchclasses.IworkforaFrenchcompany.SoIthinkFrenchwillhelpmeinmyjob.基础巩固.单句语法填空1.Thegirlwhowearsareddressisadistant(distance) cousinofmine.2.Besuretowrite(write) andtellmeallthenews.3.Canyouseethemaninthedistance?4.Weveonlygotthissmallbookcase.Willthatdo?No，whatIamlookingforissomethingmuchbiggerandstronger.5.IknowforsurehowIcansolvetheproblem.6.Thestreetswerecrowded(crowd) withpeopleandtheshopswerefullofwonderfulthings.7.LastweekJohndiedofaserioussickness(sick).8.TheGreatWallissuchawell-knowntouristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.9.Helivedinaquietplacefreeof/fromnoise.10.Hurryup，or/otherwiseyoullbelateforschool.选词填空11.Theboywhoisfondofwatchingcartoonswantstobeateacherinthefuture.12.Theyliveinaremotevillagefarawayfrombigcities.13.ScotlandisinthenorthofGreatBritain.14.Asisknowntous，smokingisnotgoodforourlungs.15.Ifyouareinterestedinit，letmeknowandIllsendyoumoreinformation.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)16.Theboyputtheinkbackitcamefrom.17.ThatisIhavebeenthinkingofdoing.18.Themovieisinterestingthatshewantstoseeitagain.19.Makesure或whetherthedoorisclosed.20.Yourpenlooksthesamemine.能力提升.阅读理解APeoplelivinginthecountryenjoyseveraladvantagesthatpeoplelivinginthecitycannotenjoy.Theyareinclosecontactwithnature.Theymakefriendswithtreesandstones.Theycanowndogs.Theybreathefreshair.Theyfightwithstrongwinds.Theylistentothesongsofbirds.Thiscontactwithnatureisgoodforhealth.Therearemanydiseasesthatarecommoninthecitybutarenottobefoundinthecountry.Forexample，near-sightednessisalmostunknowntocountrypeople.Becauseoftheabsenceofcars，onecanwalkmorefreelyinthecountrythaninthecity.Therearenorulesoftheroad，nortrafficsignstoobey.Peoplelivinginthecountrycaneasilygetfreshvegetables，freshfruitandfreshmilk.Andtheygetthematlowerpricesthaninthecity.Countrylifeiseconomicalinotherways，too.Therearepracticallynotemptations(诱惑) towastemoney.Countrypeoplearemostlyhonest.Theysaywhattheymean，andmakeandkeeppromiseswithsincerity(诚意).Theydonotputonair.Theydonotpretendtohavethoseridiculous(荒谬的) mannerswhicharenecessaryinwhatwecallpolitesociety.语篇解读文章讲述了在乡村居住的好处。和城市相比，乡村车辆少，污染少，空气清新，蔬菜、水果等新鲜又便宜。此外，乡村居民淳朴善良，不装模作样。21.Whatcantcountrypeopleoftenenjoy?A.Musicalconcerts.B.Freshair.C.Songsofbirds.D.Closecontactwithnature.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在乡村的好处有：可以呼吸新鲜空气，可以听到鸟叫，也可以接近大自然，文章没有提到音乐会。故选A。22.Whatisprobablymoreexpensiveinthecountrythaninthecity?A.Vegetables.B.Beer.C.Milk.D.Fruit.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，新鲜蔬菜、水果和牛奶都是在乡村可以便宜买到的东西，而没有提到啤酒。故选B。23.WhatisNOTtrueofcountrylife?A.Thetrafficaccidentrateisveryhighinthecountry.B.Livinginthecountrysavesonealotofmoney.C.Countrypeopleenjoybetterhealththanthecitypeople.D.Countrypeoplearehonest.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Becauseoftheabsenceofcars，onecanwalkmorefreelyinthecountrythaninthecity.”可知，乡村地区车辆较少，故A项错误。BTheworldsfirstsubwaywasbuiltinLondonin1863.Atthetime，thegovernmentwaslookingforawaytosolvetrafficproblemsinthecityofLondon.Thepoorareasofthecityweresocrowdedwithpeoplethatitwasalmostimpossibleforhorsecarriages (thetaxisofthosedays) togetaround.Thegovernmentwasinterestedintryingtosolvetheproblems.Ifpeoplehadacheapandeasywaythattheycoulddependontogotoandfromwork，theywouldmovetheirhomesoutofthecity，andtheycouldlivealittlefartherfromthecity.ThiswouldhelpsolvetheproblemoftoomanypeoplelivinginthepoorpartsofLondon.Fromtheseproblems，theideaoftheLondonSubway，thefirstsubwaysystem，wasborn.TheplansforbuildingtheSubwaymetwithseveralproblems，butthefirsttrack(轨道) wasopenedinJanuary,1863.Asteamtrainpulledthecarsalongthefirstsubwaytrackwhichwas6,000meterslong.About30,000peoplegotonthesubwayonthefirstday.Travelersweretreatedtocomfortableseats.Ridingthesubwaybecamepopular.Itcarried9,000,000ridersinitsfirstyear.ModernsubwayshavecomealongwaysincetheearlydaysoftheLondonSubway.Todaythereare94largesubwayfasttransportation(交通) systemsaroundtheworld，butnomatterhowfastthesubwaysdevelop，theLondonSubwayisstilltheworldsoldestpublicsubwayrailway.24.Becauseof，theBritishgovernmentdecidedtobuildtheLondonSubway.A.pollutionandovercrowdingB.trafficproblemsandpollutionC.overcrowdingandtrafficproblemsD.theneedofdevelopment答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“Atthetime，thegovernmentwaslookingforawaytosolvetrafficproblemsinthecityofLondon.Thepoorareasofthecityweresocrowdedwithpeople.”可知，英国政府之所以决定建造伦敦地铁是因为过度拥挤和交通问题。25.Onthefirstdaytheworldsfirstsubwaycarriedpeople.A.about30,000B.6,000C.9,000,000D.94答案A解析细节理解题。由第二段第三句“About30,000peoplegotonthesubwayonthefirstday.”可知答案为A。26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thefirstsubwaytrackwas6,000mileslong.B.ThefirsttrackinLondonwasntopeneduntilJanuary,1863.C.Todaythereareonly94subwaytransportationsystemsaroundtheworld.D.LondonSubwayoffereddeliciousfoodtotravelers.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句“.butthefirsttrack(轨道) wasopenedinJanuary,1863.”可知，选项B是正确的表述。27.Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe.A.InformationAboutModernSubwaysB.TheTrafficProblemsofLondonC.TheHistoryofLondonSubwayD.TheImportanceofLondonSubway答案C解析标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了伦敦地铁的历史，故答案为C。.七选五Bike-sharingsystemshavebeengrowinginpopularityacrosstheUnitedStates.Theconceptissimple.28Itsnothardtocomeupwiththeobviousbenefitsofabike-sharingsystem.29Bikesobviouslyproducenoemissions(气体排放)，andwecanonlyassumethatthepeopleridingthemwouldhavetakenacaborabusinstead.Bikesharesgivethesepeopletheoptiontoexperiencethecitybybike，whichisbothlessexpensiveandmoreconvenient.Bike-sharingsystemsaremostdefinitelyconvenient.Ifyoucommutetoworkinacity，youknowthattherearesometimespublictransportationdeadzones.Youmightgetascloseasyoucantoyouroffice，butthereisstillamorethan15-minutewalkdowntoyourdoor.30Oneofthemajorbenefitsofbikesharesisthattheyeliminatetheproblembygivingpeopleanoptionforthatlastlegofthecommute.InBoston，alotofpeoplecommutebybikeeveryday.Evenwithhundredsofcyclistsontheroadeveryday，automobilesarestillconsideredthedominantusersoftheroadandletsfaceittheyare.However，asmoreandmorepeoplestartcycling，bicyclistsgetabiggervoiceintrafficlaws.31Whenpeoplearegiventheoptiontohoponabike，theymightgetmostoftheexercisetheyvegotteninmonths.Peoplewhoaresedentary(不爱活动的) intheireverydaylifeprobablywontgooutandbuyabike.32A.Lawswillbegintoprotectallo