上海牛津英语7AU1讲练.doc

Unit 1 Relatives in BeijingStep 1 Greetings & Free talk How are you today? Is there something interesting or important this week? What have you learned in your school?Step 2 Lead in - English jokes TOMS EXCUSE Teacher: Tom, why are you late for school everyday? Tom: Every time I come to the corner, a sign says, School-Go Slow.Step 3 Review默写：talk to /with 和.交谈raise the problem 提出问题the sooner the later 迟早another time 又一次elder brother 哥哥Whats the relationship between them? 他们之间是什么关系？would like to do sth = want to do sth. 想做某事The book cost him ten yuan . 这本书花费了他十元钱。= He spent ten yuan on the book.= He paid ten for the book.= he bought the book for ten yuan.Step 4 Language structure1. 表示方位： 比较一下下面4个句子， Shanghai lies in the east of China. (在中国东部，位于中国境内） Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing. / Shanghai lies south of Beijing. (北京的南面，不在北京城内） Fengxian District lies on the south of Nanhui District. (在南汇区南面，与南汇接壤） 在大范围内部的用in，不接壤的用to， 接壤的用on.2. 比较句型： Its cheaper and more interesting. (坐火车）更便宜，而且更有趣。Step 5 Grammar现在完成时先来看看我们课文中出现的两个句子：Ive got a letter from Uncle Weiming. 我收到了一封卫明叔叔的来信。He has invited us to stay with his family in August. 他邀请我们八月去和他家人一起住。这两个句子都使用了现在完成时。在这两个句子中，现在完成时用于表示动作已经发生（但并不追究动作发生的具体时间），并对现在产生一定的影响。现在完成时的基本结构是：have/has+动词的过去分词。下面详细介绍现在完成时的一些知识。The Perfect Tense 现在完成时（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果依然存在。常与副词already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, three times ,before等连用。Eg: We have already known each other. I have just washed my face. He has been to this island before.（2）也表示过去发生的动作或状态一直持续到现在，且有可能继续下去，常与for, since, so far等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：We havent got any thing to drink since last night.Mr Zhang has been in Beijing for over thirty years.He has read three books so far.注：这种用法中的动词用延续性动词。非延续性动词要用延续性动次代替。常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换： buyhave borrowkeep comebe here leave/gobe away begin/startbe on diebe dead joinbe in 如：I I have kept(borrow) the book for two weeks. She has had(buy) this bike for a year. The old man has been dead(die) since last year. They have been away (leave)for two hours.2 现在完成时的构成： 助动词have/ has +动词过去分词 。 主语是第三人称单数时,助动词用has, 其他人称用have. 过去分词：规则动词过去分词同过去式，不规则动词需要记忆。(1)AAA型costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurtletletlet putputput readreadread setsetsetshutshutshut (2） AAB型 beatbeatbeaten （3）ABA型becomebecamebecome comecamecome runranrun（4）ABB型bringbroughtbrought buyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught buildbuiltbuilt lendlentlent sendsentsent pendspentspent loselostlost smellsmeltsmelt burnburntburnt feelfeltfelt learnlearntlearnt hearheardheardmeanmeantmeant keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweepsweptswept telltoldtold standstoodstood understandunderstood-understood saysaidsaid paypaidpaid meetmetmet leaveleftleft holdheldheld digdugdug findfoundfound getgotgot hanghunghung havehadhadmakemademade shineshoneshone sitsatsat winwonwon （5）ABC型 blowblew-blown drawdrewdrawn flyflewflown growgrewgrown throwthrewthrown knowknewknown choosechosechosen eatateeaten fallfellfallen rideroderidden riseroserisen hidehidhidden seesawseen shakeshookshaken taketooktaken mistakemistook-mistaken wakewokewaken writewrotewritten bewas/werebeen dodiddone breakbrokebroken forgetforgotforgotten givegavegiven freezefrozefrozen beginbeganbegun ringgangrung drinkdrankdrunk gowentgone lielaylain singsangsung swimswamswum wearworeworn showshowedshown sinksanksunk 3否定句: 助动词 have/ has+not + 动词过去分词 如：I have read this book. I havent read this book.He has had his breakfast. He hasnt had his breakfast. 4.一般疑问句：助动词提前。 如：She has been to Beijing. Has she been to Beijing?They have already learned three English songs. Have they learned three English songs yet?注： have/has been to 表示“去过某地” have /has gone to表示“去某地了”人不在说话处。主语常用第三人称。5. 怎样区分过去时和现在完成时： 一般过去时的定义在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般所在的句子有很明确的过去时间状语，如yesterday，last week，two years ago现在进行时的定义是指动作从过去某时候开始，持续到现在，也有可能会继续持续下去，强调对现在的影响。常用时间状语，recently，in the past years，since，yet等。两者的区别具体包括，（1） 现在完成强调过去的动作对现在的影响，一般过去只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作，与现在没联系。 She left here five minutes ago.（就说明走了） She has left.（强调现在不在这了）（2）现在完成表示动作从过去开始，可能还要延续下去。一般过去说明动作已结束。He worked in the hospital for 5 years.(现在不在那工作了)He has worked in the hospital for 5 years.（现在仍在）Step 6 Exercises:1 选择题( ) 1. Hainan Province is the south of Guangdong Province. A. in B. to C. on D. from( ) 2. Jingan District is not so as Pudong New District. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest( ) 3. There are more swans on Kunming Lake than on Daoxiang Lake. A. very B. a lot C. great D. So( ) 4. The other day Mary her cousins around the Summer Palace. A. show B. shows C. showed D. has shown( ) 5. On my way to school, I saw a street sweeper the rubbish carefully. A. collects B. collected C collecting D. to collect( ) 6. - Have you been to the Ocean Park, Peter? - Yes, I there last Sunday. A. have gone B. have been C. went D go( ) 7. My uncle enjoys pop music. A. listen B. hearing C. listening to D. to listen( ) 8. The Summer Palace is a place a lot of old buildings and temples. A. in B. out of C. with D. AtKeys: 1.B A B C C 6. C C C2 用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子：1. The journey was long and difficult and seemed .(end)2. You look than before in this skirt. (love)3. Food, clothing, light and heating are necessary .(expensive)4. I am whether he will come to the get-together party. (wonderful)5. Do you know his (nation)?6. Kitty is an honest girl.(real)Keys: 1. endless 2. lovelier 3. expenses 4. wondering 5. nationality 6. really3 根据要求，改写句子1. You cannot travel to Australia by land. (保持句子意思不变） You cannot a to Australia.2. This ferry has space for more than 400 people. (保持句子意思不变） This ferry more than 400 people.3. Susan would like to visit Thailand. (保持句子意思不变） Susan visit Thailand.Keys: 1. take, bus/train 2. can hold 3. wants to 4 首字母填空 Vacation has arrived! Youve worked hard all year and now youre entitled (有资格）To a few w to relax （休闲）. By the sea, far from the city, you can enjoy your free time. A brochure says you can walk along the coastline or surf, if you love waves. For the laziest of holiday-makers there is always the beach, deckchair and ice cream. B take special care so you dont get sunburned! Certainly, vacation is an opportunity for the family to get together. Nothing b than a walk along the shore! The waves break at your feet. But watch out! Waves like to have fun and you could find yourself soaked to skin . Watch them or you will have the surprise of f a fish in your pocket. And mind those angry crabs who might pinch your toes! During a vacation youre supposed to rest, but in fact, you come home even more t .Keys: weeks, But, better, finding, tired现在完成时练习一、 单项选择。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know 2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? . already .never .ever . still 3、Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .before . a moment ago 4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 5、Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see 9、These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 13、How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been 17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、 句型转换。 1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空） 4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) _ 三、 汉译英。 1、 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。2、 他昨天收到一封信。 3、 我父亲以前到过长城。 4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。 6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？ 参考答案： 一、单项选择。 1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。 2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。 4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述