大学英语 unit 课文讲解.ppt

Para10 Para12 Itisarrogantforthewell offtopraiseworkthatistrulydreadfulanddestructivetoworkers Para 10 Meaning Itisunpleasantlyproudforwealthypeopletopraiseworkthatisreallyverydisgusting harmfulanddangeroustoworkers 对那些令工人生畏且于人有害的劳动 富人们的大肆称颂是一种高高在上的傲慢表现 arrogant a havinganexaggeratedsenseofone sownimportanceorabilities self important pompous 高傲的 自高自大的 自以为是的 eg It sarrogantofyoutoassumethatyouarerightallthetime 如果你认为自己总是对的 那就有点自以为是 dreadful a 1 causinggreatdread fear orterror terrible 可怕的 eg Shedidnotlookasifshemightbedyingofsomedreadfuldisease 她看上去不像是要死于某种可怕的疾病 2 extremelybad unpleasant ugly terrible awful 糟糕的 令人心烦的 eg Allthismarkedthestartofadreadfulyearforthewholecountry 所有这些 预示了整个国家全年形势一片糟糕 destructive a 1 causingmuchdamageorharm destroying 造成破坏的 灾难性的 eg Thedestructivefloodforcedthegovernmenttoinvestlargesumsofcapitalinwaterprojects 这场灾难性的洪水迫使政府投入巨资修建水利工程 2 ofcriticismorattitude negativeandunhelpful asopposedtoconstructive 有害的 无助的 消极的 eg Theseeminglydestructivebehaviorbysmallchildrenshouldnotbediscouragedallthetime 小孩的行为有时显得有破坏性 但不要总是抑制他们这些行为 Butmiseryisalwayscomparative Para 10 Meaning Butmiseryisalwaysrelativetotheexperiencesandsurroundingseachpersonisfamiliarwith 然而劳动带给人们的不幸总是相对而言的 misery n 1 C U greatmentaloremotionaldistress extremeunhappiness 悲惨 痛苦 苦难 eg Themiseriesofthewararenoteasilydemolished 战争所造成的各种苦难难以消除 2 U astateofsufferingandwantthatistheresultofpovertyoraffliction 悲惨的境遇 贫苦 穷困 eg Themiseryoftheslumsastonishedthevisitors 贫民窟的惨状令参观者感到震惊 Irrespectiveoftheromanticideassometimesassociatedwiththeirlives themedievalpeasant 农民 orthemanwholubricatedtheenginesofa19th centurysteam 蒸汽 traindidworkfarmorebrutalthanthatonthemodernassemblyline 流水线 Para 10 中世纪的农民和19世纪为蒸汽列车的车头添加润滑油的工人生活中尽管有些浪漫 但同现代化生产线相比 他们的劳动条件要残酷得多 irrespective a of withoutregardto regardlessof 不考虑 不顾及 eg Childbenefitispaidirrespectiveofincomelevelsoftheirparents 儿童福利的发放同其父母的收入状况无关 eg Inademocraticsociety everybodyhastheopportunitytoachievehispersonalsuccess irrespectiveofhisfamilybackground 在一个民主社会 每一个人都有机会获得成功 不管其出身如何 medieval a 1 oftheMiddleAges 中世纪的 eg ThestudyofthemedievalhistoryofEuropeisofgreatimportancetolearningitstraditionsandcustomstoday 研究欧洲中世纪历史 对于了解其当今传统和习俗具有十分重要的意义 2 fig veryold fashioned archaic 古旧的 过时的 eg Somefarmersinthisareaarestillpractisingmedievalmethodsoffarming 这个地区的一些农民仍然沿用着古老过时的农耕方法 lubricate vt 1 putoilorgreaseinoronamachinerysothatitspartsmoveeasily添加润滑油 剂 eg Thesewingmachinedoesnotrunsmoothlysinceithasnotbeenlubricatedforquitealongtime 因许久没上油 缝纫机运转起来很费劲 2 fig causetorunsmoother ease facilitate减少磨擦 使事情更顺利eg Involvementinsocietyisneededforyoutolubricateyourwayoutofthetroubleyouarein 要走出目前的困境 你须参加一些社会活动 a 1 ofcircumstances harsh severe extremeandunpleasant 严酷的 苛刻的 艰苦的 eg Itisdifficultforthemtoadaptthemselvestothebrutalweatherthere 他们很难适应那里的恶劣气候 2 savage cruel inhuman merciless 残酷的 野蛮的 残忍的 eg Thousandsofliveswerelostinthebrutalterroristattack 这次血腥的恐怖袭击中 有数千人丧生 3 ofmannerorspeech crude coarse 粗野的 粗暴的 不讲理的 eg Hisbrutallanguageoftenrevealshishumblebackgroundandholdshimback 他言语粗俗 既暴露了他出身卑微 也阻止了他个人发展 brutal ThepoorsoulwhorecyclesrefuseinthestreetsofanycityinIndiawouldreactwithdisbeliefatthediscontentofa l7 an hourworkeronanAmericanautomobileassemblyline InSouthAmerica theaverage19 year oldpeasanthasworkedlongerandharderthanmostAmericansofmiddleage recyclevt 1 convertwasteintoreusablematerial废物回收Denmarkrecyclesnearly85 ofitspaper 丹麦的纸张回收率达到了85 2 useagainintheoriginalformorwithminimalchanges稍加改造而重新利用Hehasrecycledhisspeechovertentimes 这篇讲话他讲了十多次了 都大同小异 Herecycledallhisoldjokes 他把那些老掉牙的笑话又讲了一遍 refusen rubbish trashhouseholdrefuse生活垃圾Thetownmadeaweeklycollectionofrefuse 该镇每周收一次垃圾 ThepoorpersonwhopicksupgarbagefromthestreetsofanycityinIndiawouldbesurprisedtohearthataworkeronanAmericanautomobileassemblylinewouldbedissatisfiedwithawageof 17 an hour Americanspronetodepressionoverthespiritualshortcomingsofworkshouldconsultunemployedyoungmenandwomenintheirowncommunities theyknowwithpainfulclaritytheimportanceofthepersonaldignitythatajobbrings pronea 1 to liableorlikelytobeaffectedby vulnerable倾向于 易受影响的Workingwithoutabreakmakesyoumorepronetoerror 连续工作不停歇使人更容易出错 Tireddriverswerefoundtobeparticularlypronetoignorewarningsigns 据调查 疲劳驾车特别容易忽视警示标志2 fml lyingfacedownorflat俯卧 趴伏Thevictimlaypronewithoutmoving 受害人趴在地上一动不动 clarityn U thestateorqualityofbeingclear certainordefinite清楚 清晰clarityofthought purpose vision sound思路清晰 目的明确 视野清楚 声音清澈 Americanswhobecomeeasilydepressedbecauseofthespiritualdisordersfromtheirworkshouldjusttalktounemployedyoungmenandwomenintheirowncommunities theypainfullyknowhowimportanthavingajobistotheirownsenseofdignity Workisstillthecoreofmostlives theoccupationmergedwiththeidentity Theeleventhparagraph sociology U thestudyoftheorigin development structure andfunctioningofhumansociety社会学AlthoughsociologyhasdevelopedfastinChinainrecentyears itstilllagsfarbehindWesterncountries gossiptalkidly chat esp aboutpersonsorsocialincidents 闲聊Thosepresentatthemeetingarenowgossipingawayinthelobbyduringthecoffeebreak hangoutassociateincasualcompanionship spendtimerelaxingorenjoyingoneself与某人待在一起 消磨时间Whoisshehangingoutwiththesedays Languagepoints Workisstillthecomplicatedandcrucialcoreofmostlives theoccupationmergedwiththeidentity Freudsaidthatthesuccessfulmindisonecapableofloveandofwork movementtonewplaceshasweakenedoldtiesofblood ourco workersoftenformournewfamily ourtribe oursocialworld Oneexpertinsociologybelievesthatpeoplelikejobsmainlybecausetheyneedotherpeople theyneedtogossipwiththem hang