高三一轮复习公开课七选五解题思路及技巧课件.doc

高考英语七选五阅读解题思路及技巧一、命题目的：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。 二、题材：说明文或记叙文3、 考点分布四. 试题基本类型：主旨大意题和细节分析题五. 解题的基本步骤： （一）通读全文及选项，理清文章结构及脉络 文章结构： （1）议论文和说明文基本结构类型 （2）记叙文注意时间和空间顺序（二）先易后难确定选项（三）复读检查，代入核对六、基本解题思路 以信息重现或相关和信息之间的逻辑关系为依据来确定选项。七、七选五阅读主要解题技巧 (一) 信息重现(词语复现/同畴同现)1、 词语复现： 就是空格前、后句中与正确选项中含有相同的一个或几个词，叫原词或同词复现；如果前后句与选项中虽然没有相同的词，但有同义表达，叫同义复现。如： (2017全国卷) Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at work2、同畴同现(2014全国卷)Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?”A. Encourage kids to cook with you.C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.(2) 结构重现(2016全国卷) The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 _A_ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.（二） 逻辑关系1. 主旨大意类（总分 分总 因果） （1）主题句（段首或段末）据“分”“总”。(2017全国卷)A better plan for sleep can help. Here is how to make one. 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Find the right motivation.（2） 结论句（段末或文章最后一段） 常用词语有：in short, in belief, in summary, in a word, on the whole, in conclusion.These steps arent magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, youll help yourself feel better even faster 37 C. Different people feel stress in different ways.DAh, it feels so good when the stress is gone.（3） 小标题（段首，短小精悍）It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 37 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own garden2.细节分析类（1）分述类Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. 5. . Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone youre not.A.You arent like anybody elseE.Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough(2) 顺接关系：如： (2016全国卷) A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.(3) 转折关系：选项或空后句中常有but, however, instead等词。如： (2017全国卷) If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. We have done a lot of it since. everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.B. Things are going to be improved.D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.(4) 因果关系：空格前后可能有so, therefore, since, because，consequently，as a result等词。如： (2017全国卷) When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate (消除) future interruptions.E. Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you(5) 并列关系常用词或短语 ：besides, not only.but also., and, at the same time, also, too, some.other., one.another.(2014全国2卷) Hopefully that gives you a good start. _40_ and dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!E. Cooking is a burden for many people.F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. (6) 解释关系： 用更为明白易懂的话重述或解释前面的信息，常用for example (instance),in fact, in other words, that is to say, 等或冒号(:)、破折号()等标点。如：Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74 D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading.G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.(7) 相对或对立关系常用词或短语：while, on the contrary, in contrast, in comparison. Now, in the past(2017全国卷) Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.(8) 递进关系常用词或短语：further, furthermore, moreover,whats more, even worse, to make matter worse.例：Its heard , and l was hungry . A . Even worse , it was raining B . Whats more , it was sunny(9) 顺序关系：指one / first second (ly) third (ly) (第一第二第三)，first next then (首先接下来然后)等。如： (2013全国卷 )One is the establishment (制定) of broad basic policies with respect to production, sales, the purchase of equipment, materials and supplies, and accounting. 74 The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments. E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments. F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.三、语法提示1、代词提示(2017全国卷)If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 .If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesG. Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not(2) 标点提示(3) (2014全国卷) Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think shes crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.解题顺口溜七选五阅读的基本解法可归纳为以下顺口溜：七选五较容易，重点阅读前后句；前后句和选项，有词重复重点看；弄清指代和逻辑，获得满分没问题。随堂练习【2017全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 _D_ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 _We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38_Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.39 _We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.40_It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.A. This time there was no tent.B. Things are going to be improved.C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.(2017合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)Youre growing up.That means youre probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once.Your body is changing.It might even seem as if your entire self is changing.It can be confusing and even scary._1_ And its good!Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world.In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow.Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling._2_ But its partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions,