电气工程及其自动化-自动化-专业英语重点-考试题.doc

。四川理工的学弟学妹们，特别是自电学院的兄弟伙们，专业英语难过啊，是否需要这个呢？我的淘宝店铺：信诚悦购 包你80分电气自动化、自动化专业英语课堂笔记1 短语互译（10个，每个2分，共20分）1、 DC/AC：direct/alternating current.(直流/交流)2、 a good rule of thumb.（根据经验）3、 step-up/step-down transformer(升压/降压变压器）autotransformer(自耦变压器)4、 gate-turn-off thyristor airist (门极可关断晶闸管）5、 silicon-controlled rectifier(可控硅整流器）6、 forward voltage drop(正向压降)7、 reverse breakdown voltage(反向击穿电压）8、reverse leakage current（反向漏电流）9、peak reverse voltage（反向峰值电压）10、forced commutation(强制换流）11、three-phase ac squirrel cage induction motor（三相交流鼠笼式感应电机）12、AM/FM :amplitude/frequency modulation(调幅/调频)13、active/passive filter（有源/无源滤波器）14、bistable circuit(双稳电路)15、flip-flop（触发器）16、emf：electromotive i,lektrumutiv force(电动势)17、magnetic flux（磁通）18、magnetizing current（磁化电流/励磁电流）19、general-purpose relay（通用继电器）20、solid-state relay(固态继电器)21、time constant（时间常数）22、ADC：analog-to-digital conversion（模数转换器） 二、汉译英（5-6个，共30分，2个课外）1、通过互联网进行商业交易，其便利性和速度是推动电子商品快速发展的主要因素。The ease and speed with which business transactions can be carried out over the web has been a key force in rapid growth of electrical commerce.2、 用户互动，包括在线客户服务和在线调查，提供了新的交流渠道，这在以前是不可能也是非常低效的。Customers interactions including online customer services and online survey,provides a new channel of communications,which were not previously available and very inefficient.3、 并绕式直流电动机的调速性能很好。当负载增加时，由于电枢上电压降的增加，其转速会稍微降低。The DC shunt-wound motor has a good speed regulation. The speed will decrease slightly when the load increase due to the increase in the voltage drop across the armature. 4、 用户用于在建筑内传输电能的配电系统类型取决于各自的安装要求，居民住宅通常使用最简单的类型。The type of distribution system that the consumer uses to transmit power within building depends on the requirements of particular installation, residential buildings generally use the simplest one.5、 控制系统中控制器参数固定时，其性能将在一定程度上总是取决于被控设备或系统的参数。The performance of a control system having a controller with fixed parameters will always depend to some extent on parameters of the equipment or system being controlled.6、 新设备替代老设备将会使产量大大增加。The substitution of new equipment to the old result in increase in production.7、 无论何时，若某元件上电流参考方向与电压参考方向相同时，在任何涉及电压和电流的公式中取正号。Whenever, the reference direction for the circuit in an element is the direction of the reference voltage drop across the element use a position sign in any impression relates to the voltage to the current.8、 运算放大器最初是作为模拟计算机的一个基本构成算元出现的，由于它被用数学运算，所以被称为运算放大器。The operational amplifier circuit existed initially came into existence firstly as a basic building block of analog computers. It was referred as operational because it was used to complement mathematical operations.9、 电感是在一个磁性或非磁性材料的磁芯上绕制一卷线圈构成。An inductor is composed of a coil of wires wounded around a core whose material maybe magnetic or nonmagnetic.10、 变压器由两个线圈恰当安放而成的，一个线圈所产生的变化磁通将连接至另一个线圈。A transformer is constructed of two coils placed so that charging flux developed by one will link the other. 3、 英译汉（5-6个，共30分，1个课外）1、 Electrical personnel use many different types of measuring instruments.Some jobs require very accurate measurements while other jobs need only rough estimates. Some instruments are used solely to determine whether or not a circuit is complete.电子技术人员使用许多不同类型的测量仪器。一些工作需要精确的测量而另一些工作只需粗略估计。有些仪器仅仅被用来确定确定电路是否完整。2、 The importance of never allowing the actual value to exceed the maximum value indicated on the meter can not be overemphasized.不允许被测的实际数值超过仪表最大允许值的要求再强调也不过分。3、 Since the heat sinks for both stud-mounted and hockey puck devices can also carry the electric current，they must be electrically isolated from their mechanical mountings.由于栓接式和冰球式器件的散热器都能传递电流，它们必须与机械托电气绝缘。4、 If the entire system is good, every acoustic variation of the air will be recorded on the disk and,when the record is played back through a similar system and the signal reradiated as sound energy by a loudspeaker,the resulting sound should faithfully reproduce the original music.如果整个系统正常，每一次声波振动都会记录在圆盘上，并且当该记录通过类似的系统重放，信号以声能的形式从扬声器辐射出来，所产生的声音能如实地重现原始音乐。 5、 Information can be communicate in digital from if the message is capable of being defined by a series of yes/no statements.There can be only two states of each variable used in conveying the information.如果信息能被一系列的YES/NO所定义，信息就能以数字形式确定。每个变量只可能有两种状态在传送信息方面使用。6、 Most early discoveries related to electrical machinery operation dealt with direct-current systems.Alternating-current(AC)power generation and distribution became widespread a short time later.大多数早期的发明都与处理直流电系统的电机操作有关。交流电（AC）发电机和传输后来才变得广泛。 7、 Some starters control a motor by being connected directly across the power input lines.Other starters reduce the level of input voltage that is applied to the motor when it is started so as to reduce the value of the starting current.一些起动器通过直接连接电源线的方式控制电机，另一些起动器降低起动时施加到电机上的电压水平，从而降低了起动电流。8、 For example, piezoelectric accelerometer with built-in microelectronic integrated circuitry are marketed as piezoelectric velocity transducers. 例如，带有内嵌的微电子积分电路的压电式加速度计可以作为压电式速度传感器上市销售。9、 We might question the need for separate transducers to measure the four kinematic variables-displacement, velocity ,acceleration,and jerk-because any one variable is related to any other through simple integration or differentiation.我们或许会质疑是否需要单独的传感器去测量这四个运动变量位移、速度、加速度和冲击因为任何一个变量是通过简单积分或微分与其它变量相关联的。四、阅读理解（20分，自由发挥）*信诚悦购* 诚信为本、愉悦网购 * 品