高级英语_Mark_Twain__Mirror_of_America.ppt

DetailedStudyoftheText 1 MostAmericansrememberMarkTwainasthefatherofHuckFinn sidylliccruisethrougheternalboyhoodandTomSawyer sendlesssummeroffreedomandadventure idyllic asimplehappyperiodoflife ofteninthecountry田园诗的 快乐的 美丽的anidyllicsetting holiday marriage cruise n aseavoyageforpleasure巡航 巡游v sailortravelaboutasforpleasureHewasonaworldcruise TheyspentthesummercruisingintheGreekislands ThetaxicruisedoffdowntheChang anAvenue cruisemissile巡航导弹cruiser alargefastwarship巡洋舰 2 Eternal endless hyperbole parallelism structure summer becausealltheadventuresofTomSawyerdescribedinthebookaresupposedtohavetakenplaceinoneparticularsummer paraphrase MarkTwainisfamoustomostAmericansasthecreatorofHackFineandTomSawyer HuckFinn ssimpleandpleasantjourneythroughhisboyhoodwhichseemsinfinitewhereasTom sindependentmindandhisexcitinganddangerousactivitiesmadethesummerseemeverlasting 4 In deed thisnation sbest lovedauthorwaseverybitasadventurous patriotic romantic andhumorousas a adventurous 爱冒险的 MarkTwainwasadventurousineverysenseoftheword Hewasalwaystryingnewthings andalwaysgoingtonewplaces Eveninhisliterarycareer hewasneversatisfiedwithwhatheachieved b patriotic 爱国的 ItreferstoMarkTwain sprofoundloveforhiscountrywithitsrobustpeopleandbeautifulsceneryanditsloftyideals ItmayalsorefertohisprideintheAmericantraditionandtheAmericanlanguage c romantic 浪漫的 inart literatureandmusic markedbyfeelingratherbyintellect preferringgreatness passion informalbeauty toorderandproportion d humorous 幽默的 HisworksaresofullofhumorthatheisconsideredasAmerica sgreatesthumorist everybit altogether entirely完全 从头到尾Everybitas asMybrotheriseverybitaslazyasme ShanghaiiseverybitasprosperousasHongKong 汤姆的聪明丝毫不亚于班上第一名的同学Tomwaseverybitasbrightasthetopstudentinhisclass 5 IfoundanotherTwainaswell onewhogrewcynical bitter saddenedbytheprofoundpersonaltragedieslifedealthim amanwhobecameobsessedwiththefrailtiesofthehumanrace whosawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight Structurecynical愤世嫉俗的cynic n apersonwhobelievesthatpeopledonotdothingsforgood sincereornoblereasons butonlyfortheirownadvantage愤世嫉俗者acynicalremark attitude smileThey vegrownrathercynicalaboutdemocracy ienolongerbelievethatitisanhonestsystem 6 obsess toworrycontinuouslyandunnecessarily attract困扰 迷住 缠绕Sheisobsessedbythedesiretobecomeagreatactress 对贫困的担心使她忧心忡忡 Hewasobsessedwithfearofpoverty 7 frailty aweaknessofcharacterorbehaviour弱点Oneofthefrailtiesofhumannatureislaziness Thatchairlookstoofrailtotakeaman sweight Thereisonlyafrailchancethathewillpasstheexamination 8 Blackwallofnight metaphorn of n 像 像黑墙一样的夜晚 9 tramp apersonwhohasnohomeorpermanentjobandverylittlemoney流浪者10 prospector onewhoexploresandsearchesforvaluableoressuchasgold silver oil etc 勘探者11 starry eyed fullofunreasonableorsillyhopes过分乐观的Wewereallstarry eyedaboutvisitingLondon 12 acid tongued sharp sarcasticinspeech尖刻的13 digest thinkabout understand andremember消化 吸收体验Thereportcontainstoomuchtodigestatonereading Hereadsrapidlybutdoesnotdigestverymuch 14 thenewAmericanexperience Twainlivedinthestirring 动荡的 yearsinAmericanhistory theAmerican MexicanWar TheCivilWar theGoldRush thewesternexpansion theAmericanSpanishWar therapiddevelopmentofcapitalismandlatertheemergenceofimperialismalongwiththefirsteconomicdepressions etc 15 adopt totakeanduseasone sown采取 收养TheUSgovernmentdecidedtoadoptahardlinetowardsterrorism Havingnochildrenoftheirowntheydecidedtoadoptanorphan dog adoptaname acustom anidea astyleofdress adept skilled insth at indoingsth 擅长于He sanadeptincarpentry 木工手艺 adapt makesthsuitableforanewuse situation etc 适应 改编ThisnovelhasbeenadaptedforTVfromtheRussianoriginal Oureyesslowlyadaptedtothedark 16 Signaln v 标志 用信号通知 发信号asignalmadewitharedflagSheflashedthetorchasasignal 信号 Theysignaledtheirdiscontentbyrefusingtovote Thisisaneventsignalingachangeinpublicopinion 发信号navigable可航行的 可驾驶的attest证明 作证 P3core center中心artery 动脉 干道 主流commerce trade business贸易 商务lumber 木材drain 喝干 耗尽 排水17 theclimaxofwesternexpansion WhenAmericabecameindependent therewereonly13statesalongtheAtlanticOcean By1850 theU S hadexpandedtothePacificcoast 18 drainedthree quartersofthesettledU S Drain receivethewatersofthisareaandcarrythemtotheocean排水Herethemeaningisthattheriverdrainedavastbasin 盆地 andthebasinmadeup ofthepopulatedareaoftheU S ofthattime 辽阔的密西西比河流域占当时已经居住领土面积的四分之三 P4 acubpilot aninexperiencedpilot 见习航海员cosmos universe宇宙participatein joininpilothouse 操舵室feud bitterquarrelbetweenpersons familiesorcountriesoveralongperiodoftime不和 争执beatfeudwith与 不和piracy robberyofshipsonthehighseaorinlandwaterways盗窃lynching 处以私刑medicineshow 19世纪末流行于美国 旨在兜售成药 秘方 万能药的 药品宣传巡回展出savageslums slumsthatarecrude lackpolishorareviolentlylawless贫民区phonographic 留声机 19 Thecastofcharacterssetbeforehiminhisnewprofessionwasrichandvaried acosmos alliteration k k kInhisnewprofessionaspilot hecouldmeetallkindsofpeople 20 Savagewatersideslum河边野蛮贫民窟 P5 20 Steamboatdecksteemednotonlywith teemwith befullof haveingreatnumbers etc 富于 充满1 Hisheadteemswithcleverideas 2 Fishteemsinthisriver 3 Themarshes 沼泽 teemwithmosquitoesinsummer 4 被污染前 洞庭湖盛产鱼虾 Beforebeingpolluted DongtingLaketeemedwithfishandshrimps Steamboatdeckswerefilledwithpeopleofpioneeringspiritorpeoplewhoexploredandpreparedthewayforothers andalsolawlesspeopleorsocialoutcasts 放逐者 suchashustlers 妓女 gamblers 赌徒 andthugs 恶棍 violentcriminals 21 perception naturalunderstanding洞察力 知觉extrasensoryperception第六感Justasagoodartistmusthavegoodperceptionofcolour agoodmusicianmusthavegoodperceptionofsound perceive realize notice seeorhearsth esp whenitisnotobvioustootherpeople察觉 认知 22 thedifferencebetweenwhatpeopleclaimtobeandwhattheyreallyare Thisisagoodexampleofantithesis Thatisthedifferencebetweenwordsanddeeds orbetweenwhattheypreachandwhattheypractice Peopleoftenclaimtobekind generous honest etc whereasinreality theyareseldomwhattheysaytheyare translation 从他们身上 马克吐温洞察了人类的本性 同时也认识了人们的言行不一 23 trade job esp oneneedingspecialskillwiththehands行业 职业Iamafishermanbytrade 就职业而言Theyworkinthecotton tourist shoemaking jewellerytrade 24 acknowledgeThisisafactevenourenemiesabroadhavetoacknowledge Heisanacknowledgedexpertonexamination 25 acquaint causetoknowpersonally makefamiliarwith 使熟悉Youmustacquaintedyourselfwithyournewduties beacquaintedwithIhaveheardaboutyourfriendbutIamnotacquaintedwithhim makeacquaintanceofsb makesb sacquaintanceWheredidyoumakehisacquaintance Verypleasedtohavemadeyouracquaintance noddingacquaintance bowingacquaintance泛泛之交 点头之交我认识他 但说不上是朋友Heisanacquaintanceofmine butnotafriend P626 soldier 当兵27 motley havingorcomposedofmanydifferentorclashingelements杂乱的amotleycrowd crew ieagroupofmanydifferenttypesofpeople三教九流T Hetriedsoldiering diligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy 他在南方联邦游击队的一支千方百计避免与敌军交战的杂牌军里待了2个星期 euphemism 翻译练习 Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemandforsteam boatpilotsandtheCivilWarhaltedcommerce MarkTwainlefttherivercountry 随着铁路运输的发展 社会上对汽船领航员的需求日渐减少 而内战的爆发又阻碍了商业贸易的发展 P727 succumbedtotheepidemicofgoldandsilverfever gavewayoryieldedorsubmittedtotheprevailinggoldandsilverfever 屈服 不再抵抗metaphor Theauthordescribesthegoldandsilverrushasafeverandanepidemic thatisadiseasespreadingrapidlyamongmanypeopleinthesameareaatthesametime 1 Intheendhesuccumbedtothetemptation 2 Thepresidentsuccumbedtothepressureofhisopponents 3 Mrs ClemenssuccumbedtoaheartattackinFlorence dieof 28 heflirtedwiththecolossalwealth andwasrebuffed Hetriedbutnotveryhardorpersistentlyenoughtogettheenormouswealthavailabletothoseluckyandpersistent 坚持的 ones andhefailed metaphor colossal large tremendousrebuff refuseunkindlyandcontemptuously默然拒绝cf refuseHerefused rebuffedthesuggestion Hecan trefuse vi rebuff vt ifyouaskpolitely Pleasepayattentionthatwordslikeflirt lucky persistentandrebuffareoftenassociatedwithlove 把黄金比作他所追求的女人 flirta Tobehavetowardssbasifyoufindthemsexuallyattrctive withoutseriouslywantingtohavearelationshipwiththem Sheflirtswitheverymanintheoffice b Ifyouflirtwiththeideaofdoingorhavingsth youconsiderdoingorhavingit withoutmakinganydefiniteplans Weflirtedwiththeideaofgoingabroadbutdecidedagainstit 不认真考虑 玩儿似地想做某事 29 toliterature senduringgratitude toone ssurprise satisfaction disappointment delightIfMarkTwainhadnotacceptedthatjobofferedtohimbyTerritorialEnterprise literaturemighthavelostthatliteralgiant Therefore worldliteratureisforevergratefultothisturnofevents endure continuetoexistwithoutanylossinqualityorimportance容忍 持续Hisfamewillendureeternally enduringmemories peaceBroke brokenBrokenheart brokenhome 他乘驿站马车来到西部 在内华达州的华苏地区受到当时正流行的淘金热的诱惑 同那只有既幸运而又锲而不舍的追求者才能取得的巨大财富三心二意地打了八个月交道之后 他遭到了失败 在破产和灰心之余 他接受了为弗吉尼亚市 领土开发报 当记者的工作 这一行动将获得文学界永久的感激 30 Theinstantrichesofaminingstrikewouldnotbehisinthereportingtrade butformakingmoney hispenwouldprovemightierthanhispickax Hedidnotsucceedinhisreportingtradeandbecomerichovernightasagoldminermighthavedoneatthattimebydiscoveringaveinofgold Yethisreportingbroughthimmoremoneythanhisunsuccessfulminingorprospectingmighthave figureofspeech metonymy 转喻 Afigureofspeechthathastodowiththesubstitutionoftheonethingforthatofanother Therelationbetweenthesetwothingsissuchthatthementionofonesuggeststheother 转喻 Metonymy 是指当甲事物同乙事物不相类似 但有密切关系时 可以利用这种关系 以乙事物的名称来取代甲事物 这样的一种修辞手段 转喻的重点不是在 相似 而是在 联想 转喻又称换喻 或借代 1 Heistheblacksheepinthefamily 害群败类 败家子2 Shedidn twanttobelookeduponasabluestocking 才女 女学者3 Greyhairsshouldberespected 4 Heisfondofthebottle 自从他因淘金失败而感到心灰意冷之后 马克 吐温便开始努力博取作为一名报社记者和幽默作家的地区性声望 从事新闻报道工作当然不能使他像淘金成功者一样立成巨富 但在挣钱方面他的笔杆却比他的锄镐要有效得多 1864年春季 在他加盟 领土开发报 还不足两年之时 他又乘驿站马车前往旧金山 那儿在当时和现在都是有前途的年轻作家成长的摇篮 31 hone n astoneusedtosharpenknivesandtoolsv tosharpenwithhone用磨刀石磨e g tohoneone swit磨练意志32 scathingcolumns severeandharsharticles文笔尖锐的专栏Acolumn 专栏 isoneofaseriesoffeaturearticlesappearingregularlyunderafixedtitleinanewspaperormagazine writtenbyaspecialwriterordevotedtoacertainsubject cf columnist 专栏作家 mistreat 错误地对待 待人不好treat aperson animal badly cruelly unfairly Manymorepatientsdiefrombeingmistreatedforconsumptionthanfromconsumptionitself maltreat 虐待 粗暴残酷地对待treat aperson animal cruellyorwithviolence Childrendiefromneglectoraremaltreatedbytheircarers ill treat 多指残酷地对待Wedon till treatourcaptives 33 beaccustomedto beinthehabitof beusedto befamiliarwith doing do 习惯于Heisaccustomedtoworkinghard Youwillsoongetaccustomedtothatkindofthing Heisnotaccustomedtoworkingundersuchnoisycondition accustomoneselfHehastoaccustomhimselftothecoldweather 34 trend fashion tendencyToday strendistowardlessformalclothing Youngwomenarealwaysinterestedinthetrendsoffashion Trendsetting源于习语 seta thetrend 意思是 开风气之先 带领新潮流 35 foralltheslow sleepy sluggish brainedsloths Becausealltheslow dullandlazypeoplestayedathome henceimplyingthatallthosewhocamepioneeringoutwestwereenergetic courageousandreckless 不计后果的 people 36 getup arrange organizeorstartWhoisgoingtogetuptheconcert Thestudentsgotupacountrywidecampaigninsupportofthenucleardisarmament 37 Astound 使震惊38 Enterprise 企业 事业39 rushthrough tocomplete ajob hastily快速通过 仓促完成WewilltrytorushyourorderthroughbeforeSaturday 40 Reckless Showingacompletelackofcareaboutdangerorabouttheresultsoftheiractions 鲁莽的 粗心的Manyyoungmotorcyclistsareveryreckless Recklessnessof 不顾Thestructure ItwasthesepioneersthatbroughtCaliforniaareputation Californiawasmadefamousfororganizingsurprisingbusinessesanddevelopingthemwithgreatbraveryandcourage withoutcaringcostorresult AndCaliforniakeepsthisfameuntilnow Whenshemakesplansforanewsurprise thedull solemn dignifiedpeopleinotherpartsoftheStatessmileasusualandsay Well that stypicalofCalifornia that sjustCaliforniastyle 马克 吐温磨炼并试验了他的新笔力 但他却因写了一些尖锐的评论文章而被迫暂时离开这座城市 他围绕着虐待华人等一类问题对市政府提出的尖锐批评惹得一些官员大为恼火 因之他只好逃到萨克拉门托山谷的金矿区暂避风头 他对那儿的拓荒者们的描写使西海岸地区富有创新精神的现代人倍感亲切 这儿的人们真是了不起 因为那些笨手笨脚 无精打彩 呆头呆脑的懒汉都呆在家里 正是那些人们为加利福尼亚赢得了这样的声誉 当他们着手进行一项宏伟的事业时 他们会不计代价或风险而以一种豪迈的气概和闯劲勇往直前 一千到底 加利福尼亚人至今仍保持着这样的声誉 因而 每当他们发起一项新的惊天动地的壮举时 那些素来稳重的人便会像往常一样微笑着说 看吧 这完全是加利福尼亚的风格 P 10 Scattered 分散 amongnotationsabouttheweatherandthetedious 沉闷的 mining campmealsliesanentry 记录 notingastoryhehadheardthatday anentrythatwoulddeterminehiscourseforever Inhisnotebook amongmanynotesabouttheweatherandboringmealsintheminingcamptherewasanitemaboutastorythathehadheardthatday whichwouldchangehislifepathforever 在零零散散的有关天气和乏味单调的矿区饭菜的记录中 有一条叙述了他当天听到的一则故事 一条决定了他一生事业的记录 1864年与1865年之交的那个冬天 马克 吐温是在安吉尔斯矿区度过的 在这段沉闷的日子里 他记了一本笔记 在杂乱无章的有关天气情况和乏味无趣的有关矿区饭食情况的记录条目中夹着一条叙述当天听到的一则故事的记录 这条记录决定了他一生事业的发展方向 科尔曼用他的跳蛙 与陌生人赌50美元 陌生人没有跳蛙 科尔曼去给他弄来一只 陌生人利用这段时间将科的跳蛙肚子塞满铅弹 这样 科的跳蛙跳不起来 陌生人的跳蛙便得以获胜 P 11celebrated famous famed renownedacelebratedactress writer pianist etc celebrity famouspersoncelebritiesofstageandscreen舞台和银幕名人establish build 经过马克 吐温的生花妙笔改写之后 这个故事登在美国各地的报纸上 成了家喻户晓的 卡拉韦拉斯县有名的跳蛙 至此 马克 吐温作为 太平洋海岸狂放的幽默大师 的声望已在全国范围内牢固地确立起来了 P12 TwoyearslatertheopportunitycameforhertotakeadistinctlyAmericanlookattheOldWorld 1 distinct easilyheard seen orunderstood明显的 清楚的 独特的Thefootprintsarequitedistinct theymustbefresh 2 TheOldWorld theEasternHemisphere oftenusedtoreferspecificallytoEurope TheNewWorld TheWesternHemisphere firstusedbytheItalianhistorianPeterMartyr 1457 1526 whochronicledthediscoveryofAmerica sizable ofconsiderablesize fairlylargeasizableman大个子asizablebattle一场大仗asizableenterprise大型企业 milestone astonemarkersetuponaroadsidetoindicatethedistanceinmilesfromagivenpoint animportantevent aturningpointinaperson scareer thehistoryofanation ortheadvancementofknowledgeinafieldE g Theinventionofthecomputerwasamilestoneinhumanhistory Theinventionofthewheelwasamilestoneinthehistoryoftheworld assign 分配 指派travelogue 旅行见闻讲演 两年之后 他得到了一个以美国人特有的眼光去观察欧洲旧大陆的机会 在纽约市 费城号 蒸汽船准备进行一次到欧洲和圣地的观光航行 这是美国人第一次组织较大规模的团体观光旅行 也可以看作是一个国家发展史上的某种里程碑 马克 吐温作为加利福尼亚一家报纸的记者被委派随同观光团采访 如果读者们期望能读到有关这次旅行见闻的神采飞扬的描写的话 那他们是要倍感意外的 P13 one couldsetatrap andtookunholyverbalshotsattheHolyland 1 debunk expose uncoverRevere respectholy 圣洁的 神圣的2 figureofspeech onecouldsetatrapanywhereandcatchadozenablermeninanight hyperbole exaggerationholy unholyantithesisManproposes Goddisposes Theoldthinkbeforetheydowhiletheyoungthinkaftertheydo P15 1 Notuntil1874didthestorybegindevelopinginearnest Inversionclause Inearnest 认真地 诚挚地2 classic havingthehighestquality ofthefirstorhighestclassorrank adj 经典的 名著的 n 经典 名著 ChineseClassic Tom smischievousdaring ingenuity andsweetinnocenceofaffectionforBeckyThatcherarealmostassuretobestudiedinAmericanschoolstodayasisthedeclarationofindependence 1 mischievous playful淘气的2 daring boldness胆量 勇气3 ingenuity cleverness精巧 独创性4 asthedeclarationofindependenceissuretobestudied 早在1870年 马克 吐温就试着写了一篇关于一个他名之为比利 罗杰斯的男孩子的童年历险故事 两年后 他又将主人公的名字改为汤姆 并着手将故事改编成剧本 直到1874年他才开始认真地扩展故事情节 汤姆 索亚 于1876年出版后 很快成为美国儿童故事的经典之作 这部描写汤姆的顽皮 勇敢 机智以及他对贝琪 莎切尔的天真纯洁的感情的故事几乎像 独立宣言 一样成了今天美国学校里的必读书本 P16 Fleeingfrom 逃离 arespectablelife Towardstheendofthebook Huckwasadoptedbythekind heartedwidowDouglaswhowasdeterminedtohavehimandturnhimintoa respectable boy ButHuckcouldnotstandit Eventuallyheranawaytoseekhisfreedom 1 puritanical extremelyorexcessivelystrictinmattersofmoralsandreligion 清教徒的 极端拘谨的 2 protestto 抗议 马克 吐温本人的独立宣言却是由另一个人物表达出来的 在 汤姆 索亚 第六章里 他引出了 村里的流浪少年 镇上酒鬼的儿子哈克贝利 费恩 哈克不愿在清教徒道格拉斯寡妇家过上等人的体面生活 从那里逃出来后对他的朋友汤姆 索亚发牢骚说 我试过了 还是不行 不行啊 汤姆 那不是我过的日子 那寡妇家吃饭要听钟声 睡觉要听钟声 起床也要听钟声 什么事情都得规规矩矩 简直叫人受不了 P 17 Sweepthenation 席卷全国Panorama全景 全景图 53 Huckwasgivenalifeofhisown inabook HuckleberryFinnwaspublishedin1884 ThisbookisMarkTwain sfinestcreation asymbolofsimplehonestyandconscience HuckfirstappearedinTheAdventuresofTomSawyer ComparedwithTom HucklacksTom simagination Heisasimpleboywithlittleeducation Thesonofthetowndrunkard ahomelessriverrat cheerfulinhisrags suspiciousofeveryattempttocivilizehim Huckhasnoneoftheunimportantvirtuesbutalltheessentialones Theschoolofhardknocks 痛苦经历 hastaughthimskepticism horsescenehasgivenhimanunyieldingorfirmgrasponreality Butithasnottoughedhimintocynicismorcrime Naturegavehimastaunch 坚定的 andfaithfulheart friendlytoallunderdogsandinstantlyhostiletowardsbulliesandallshapesofovermasteringpower Heisobviouslyauniversalcharacter thefreesoulthateveryboywouldwishtobebeforetheworldbreakshim Thebookisaloosely strungseriesofadventures andcanbeviewedasthestoryofaquestforfreedomandanescapefromwhatsocietyrequiresinexchangeforsuccess JoinedinflightbyaNegrocompanion Jim whoseeksfreedomfromslavery HuckdiscoversthattheMississippiRiverispeaceful buttheworldalongitsshoresismarredbydeceitandcrueltyandmurder Ajoyforever thisbookisgenerallyacknowledgedtobeamongthebestofAmericanandworldliterature Hemingwayoncesaid AllAmericanliteraturebeginswithonebook HuckleberryFinn 汤姆 索亚 风靡美国九年之后 哈克被赋予独立的生命 成为一本被许多人认为是最成功的描写美国人的作品的书中的主人公 他同一个逃跑出来的奴隶一起乘坐木筏沿着密西西比河顺流而下的漂流航程展现了一幅幅揭示美国社会生活全貌的生动画面 sthfindsexpressionin Thehumanityspiritfindscompleteexpressioninhisnewnovel 人文精神在他的新出版的小说中得到完全的体现 Thedauntlessrevolutionspiritfoundfull ultimateexpressioninthenewplay 大无畏的革命精神在新上演剧中得到了充分的体现 54 energy sappingsap graduallyweakensb sthbytakingawayIwassappedbymonthsofhospitaltreatment She sbeensappedofheroptimism Stopsappingherconfidence 55 clamour acontinuousstrongdemandorcomplaint吵闹 大声的要求Thepublicareclamouringforachangeofgovernment Thebabyclamouredtobefed 通过对密西西比河 尤其是对哈克 费恩这一人物的描写 马克 吐温将自己想从那束缚着自己并常常令自己苦恼的生活步调中摆脱出来 从生活中的各种清规戒律以及为了事业成功而进行的艰苦挣扎中解放出来的愿望表达得淋漓尽致 56 layourselvesontheshelfoccasionallyandrenewouredges Torelax rest orstayawayfromallthiscrazystruggleforsuccessoccasionallyandkeepouredgessharp MarkTwainthinkstheAmericansshouldkeeptheirdaringandenterprisingspirit Butweareworkingtoohardonmoney Weshouldhalttorenewourenergy sothatwecanthinkmore useourbrain Thereissomethingmissinginourlife e g individualfreedom 马克 吐温认为 美国人的理想中缺少了一种成分 他说 我们只消偶尔地躺下来好好放松休息一下 保持锋棱利角 我们将有可能成为一个多么朝气蓬勃的民族 一个多么富有思想的民族啊 57 haunt tovisit appearinginastrangeformTheoldhouseissaidtobehauntedbyaheadlessghost Aspirithauntsthecastle Thesadmemorystillhauntsher Shewashauntedbysadmemories Povertyandpoorhealthhauntedthefamousmusician 58 meningitis itis diseasesinvolvinginflamationbronchitis 支气管炎 tonsillitis 扁桃体炎 appendicitis 阑尾炎 hepatitis 肝炎 arthritis 关节炎 马克 吐温的一生都笼罩在悲剧的阴影之中 自己的亲人一个接一个地去世 他的父亲在他十二岁那年死于肺炎 他的兄弟亨利在一次汽船爆炸事故中遇难 他的儿子朗顿才满十九个月即离开人世 他的大女儿苏茜死于脊膜炎 克莱门斯夫人在佛罗伦萨死于心脏病 而他的小女儿也因癫痫病的发作淹死在楼上的浴盆里 59 TheMysteriousStranger Publishedposthumouslyin1916 thisbookisthegreateststoryofMarkTwain slaterperiod toooftenneglectedintheappraisalofhiswork The