研究生英语综合教程ppt课件.ppt

高等院校研究生英语系列教材 综合教程 上 INTEGRATEDCOURSE 1 2 UNIT2 ARTOFTHETABLE 2 ObjectivesofUnit2 TounderstandculinarydelightsinChina 中国美食 inReadingFocus TointroducesomeChinesedishesandtellthestoriesabouttheirnames TounderstandFrenchcuisines kw zi n 美食andthefactorsthatcausedthedeclineofFrenchcuisineinReadingMore Totranslateattributiveclauses 2 Tograspsomeimportantwordsandphrases includingtheonesofChinesedietaryculture 3 Chinesecuisine 中国美食 originatedfromvariousregionsofChinaandhasbecomewidespreadinmanypartsoftheworld TherearegreatculturaldifferencesamongthedifferentregionsofChina givingrisetothedifferentstylesoffood Traditionally thereareeightmainregionalcuisinesorEightCuisines 八大菜系 comingfromAnhui 徽 Guangdong 粤 Fujian 闽 Hunan 湘 Jiangsu 苏 Shandong 鲁 Sichuan 川 andZhejiang 浙 provinces TakeSichuancuisineasanexample weusemanyspices 调味品 forexample Chinesepricklyashseeds 花椒 andchilipepper powder 辣椒粉 tomakedishesveryspicy 香辣的 andflavorful Startingout 4 Chinesespices调味品 CookingwineVinegarSoysauceChilipepper powderPricklyashseedSesame ses mi oil 料酒醋酱油辣椒粉花椒香油 5 Chinesecookingmethods boilsteamfryfryfrystew 文火炖 braise 炖 焖 simmer 慢慢煮 煨 煮蒸煎炒炸炖 6 Chinesecookingmethods braise stew simmer的区别 braise炖 用于大块食材 液体不完全cover 例如 红烧蹄膀 肘子braisedtendon tend n withbrownsaucestew文火炖 跟braise接近 食材小 液体全cover 例如 红烧肉stewedporkwithbrownsaucesimmer煨1 慢慢地沸腾 使 液体 的温度维持在沸点或稍低于沸点的温度 2 用在熬汤 就是用汤在煮食材 把食材的味道熬进汤里 7 烧饼Clayovenrolls sesameseedcake TraditionalChineseFood 8 油条Friedbreadstick TraditionalChineseFood 9 豆浆Soybeanmilk TraditionalChineseFood 10 臭豆腐Stinky smelly tofu TraditionalChineseFood 11 火锅Hotpot TraditionalChineseFood 12 皮蛋lime preservedegg Chinesepreservedegg preservedduckegg TraditionalChineseFood 13 饺子boileddumpling 包子steameddumpling TraditionalChineseFood 14 Howisitprepared Procedure Thecorrectorder A RolldoughintoroundpiecesofwrappingB Boil steam fry C Kneaddough d 揉面 D WrapfillingsupE Putmeatoreggs vegetablesandspicestogetherOrder C E A D B 15 CulinaryDelightsinChina ReadingFocus 16 ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Paras 2 5 Paras 6 11 Paras 12 15 Introduction Para 1 popularity 17 GroupDiscussionandReport G1 paras 2 3G2 paras 4 5G3 paras 6 7G4 para 8G5 para 9G6 paras 10 11G7 paras 12 14G8 para 15 Task1 summarizethemainideaofeachparagraph Task2 explainatleast2keywordsandexpressionsforeachparagraph Task3 translateorparaphrase2longanddifficultsentences 18 LocalChinesecuisines Sichuancuisine theuseofChinesepricklyashseedsandotherspiceslikechilipepper ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding deliciousyeteconomical famousforitsspicyandhotfood 19 Guangdongcuisine withits B famousfor C ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding owncharacteristicsthathasexertedafar reachinginfluenceonotherpartsofChinaandtheworld itsseafoodaswellasforitsoriginalityandrefinedcookingprocesses offeringvarioussoups LocalChinesecuisines 20 Zhejiangcuisine A B ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding lightandexquisite withtherefreshingflavorsofnature LocalChinesecuisines 21 驴打滚儿GlutinousRiceRollsStuffedwithRedBeanPaste 红豆馅的糯米卷 四喜丸子BraisedPorkBallsinGravy 肉汁焖丸子 麻婆豆腐MapoTofu Stir FriedTofuinHotSauce 用辣酱煸炒的豆腐 驴打滚儿Rollingdonkey 翻滚的毛驴 四喜丸子Fourgladmeatballs 四个高兴的肉团 麻婆豆腐Beancurdmadebyapock markedwoman 麻脸的女人做的豆腐 Right Wrong 22 23 Everydishhasastory ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Goubuli A Goubulisteamedbuns B Theywere DongpoMeat A agreatpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty B firstsoldinTianjinabout150yearsago sopopularthattheownerhadnotimetoanswerhiscustomers ThisdishwasnamedafterSuDongpo Herewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce 24 Everydishhasastory ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding BuddhaJumpingovertheWall Thisdishwascreatedinthe B Itisprepared C GatheringSpringGardeninFuzhou Fujian duringthereignofQingEmperorGuangxu withmorethan20mainingredients Apoetwroteapoemforthedish 25 Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Eatinghabitshavenotchanged A Theoldandyoung B Elders C Thehostessorhost D Everyone sitinorderofseniority selectfoodfortheyoungandtheyoungmaketoaststotheelders apportionsthedishestotreatguests takesintoconsiderationtheneedsofthegroup 26 ReadingFocus GlobalUnderstanding Specialfoodforsocialfestivals A B C JiaozifortheSpringFestival YuanxiaofortheLanternFestival ZongziforDuanwuFestival Warmthandhospitalityexpressedbyfood 27 Assignment 1 Learntheimportantwordsandphrasesbyheart 2 FinishtheexercisesafterReadingFocus 3 ReadthepassageofReadingMorebyyourself 4 Groupwork GetreadyfortheRole playonP62 28 AR UsefulExpressions1 UsefulExpressions 2 以 而闻名 驰名 3 区分 befamousfor distinguish from exertaninfluenceon betypicalof 6 可以得到 haveaccessto 7 闹笑话 出丑 makeafoolofoneself 4 对 产生影响 1 被誉为 5 是 的代表 beknownas 29 AR UsefulExpressions1 UsefulExpressions 9 老字号 10 以 的名字命名 time cherishedbrandname benamedafter inchargeof intheeyesof 13 向 敬酒 maketoaststo 14 告别 bidfarewellto 11 负责 8 跟上 12 在 看来 keepupwith 30 Task2 Choosethesentencethatbestexpressesthemeaningofthesentencefromthetext P43 ReadingFocus DetailedInformation Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C D A B D B B D A B 31 FinalProject Role playSupposeyouarenewtothecitywhereyouwillbepursuingyourmaster sdegree Yougotoaveryfamouslocalrestaurantandaskthewaiterorwaitresstorecommendsomelocalspecialtiesforyou Yourpartnerwillplaytheroleofawaiterorwaitresswhotriestopresentasmanydetailsofthespecialtytoyouaspossible rangingfromtheingredientstotheflavor 32 WordsandExpressionsyoumayuse clear light crisp fresh tender soft smooth sweet heavy greasy油腻的 spicy thickroast stir fry saut s utei 用少量油煎 或炒 deep fry油炸 braise stew steam simmer fry boilchoiceseafood carefulselectionofingredients sauceandseasoning naturalflavor artisticpresentation delicatecarvingtechniqueWhatspecialtywouldyourecommend Iwaswonderingif I minterestedinknowingabouttheingredients Howisitprepared FinalProject 33 ModelRolePlay A Iamwonderingwhetherthereareanylocalspecialtiesinyourrestaurantornot B OurrestaurantspecializesinlocalspecialtiesandI dliketorecommendyouoneofthemostpopularspecialtieshere A Whatisit B DongpoMeat A Howisitprepared Doesittastedifferent B Itispreparedoveraslowfirewherethebigchunksofporkarebraisedwithgreenonion大葱 ginger cookingwine soysauce andsugar Thefinisheddishisbrightredincolorandthemeatistenderandjuicyandnotatallgreasy 34 A Soundsgorgeous IsitnamedafterSuDongpo agreatpoetoftheNorthernSongDynasty B Right WhenhewasinchargeofthedrainageworkfortheWestLake herewardedworkerswithstewedporkinsoysauce andpeoplelaternameditDongpoMeattocommemoratehim A OK I llhaveone Whatotherspecialtieswouldyouliketorecommendme ModelRolePlay 35 Task1Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentence P46 ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A B B C B A B C A C 36 Task2 1 budA Ablossomdevelopsfroma B Inthispoem the flowermeansyouth 2 accessA Theonly tothatancientcastleisalongamuddytrack B Userscan theirvoicemailremotely 3 tasteA Themedicinehadaslightlybitter B Therewasalotofhardworkbeforewefirst success Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainitsmeaning P47 ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction bud n budding adj access n access v taste n taste v 37 4 foolA Katherinewasnobody s whenitcametomoney B It snogood yourself He snotcomingback 5 produceA Thefactory anincredible100carsperhour B Weselltinnedgoodsandlocal 6 garnishA They theroomwithmodernpaintings B Thechickenwasservedwith ofparsleyandgreenonion 7 reignA TheQueen butdoesnotrule B Theking s lastedfor30years ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction fool n fooling n produces v produces n garnish v garnishes n reigns v reign n 38 8 concernA Environmentalprotectionisagrowing inChina B Helovedhiswife and forherhappiness 9 nameA Thebuildingis afterasuccessfulentrepreneur B CouldIcallyoubyyourfirst 10 practiceA I ve playingthepianoforfiveyears B Itishis totakeawalkafterdinnereveryevening ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction concern n concerned v named v name n practiced v practice n 39 Task3 Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox Changetheformifnecessary ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand CuisineinChinaisaharmonious1 ofcolor taste shapeandfragrance Forthecookingprocess chefspick2 andvariedingredientsandseasoningsandemploytheunparalleledandcomplicatedskills3 downfromtheirfathers always4 totheiridealofperfectionforallthesenses Amongthemanycookingmethodstheyuseareboiling stewing braising frying 5 crisping baking simmering integration choice handed aspiring steaming 40 Whentheyfinishtheir6 theyarearrangedonavarietyofplatesanddishessothattheyareareal7 toview tosmellandultimatelytosavor Thefacilityto8 ofthesedelightsisalsodistinctive chopsticks Toseeeventhesmallestchildeatwithsuchdexterityisquite9 formanyforeigners TheuseoftwosimplesticksinthiswayisanartinitselfandchopstickshavedeterminedthewayinwhichChinesefoodis10 atthetable ReadingFocus VocabularyinAction masterpieces pleasure partake amazing presented masterpieceintegratepartakesteamchoiceamazepleasurepresentaspirehand 41 ACuisineCrisis ReadingMore 42 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding CriticalThinking LanguagePoints VocabularyinAction 1 2 3 4 43 Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding piledhighingreengrocers creativegeometrics oyster hare venison boar smellandsavor 44 Discussingroupstoidentifythemissinginformation ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding differentandmarketable nutty fruityimpudent Francehaschefswhoareinterestedingoodproducts Francestillhaspeasantagricultureaswellasfactoryfarms 45 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding Manyfruitsandvegetablesontheoutdoormarketareimportedfromforeigncountries Gallictalent tasteandtechniquehavebeenexportedallovertheworldandatthesametime whatismediocre cheapandpopularhasbeenimported 46 ReadingMore GlobalUnderstanding Moreandmorerestaurateurshavetocopewithredtape nottomentionedictsfromBrusselsthataffecteverythingfromsalestaxestothebacteriaintheBrie The harmonized value addedtaxesbenefitfast foodchainswhilepenalizingsit downrestaurants Strictlaborlawsrestricthiring firingandtemp work Governmentregulations forexample CAP favorquantityoverquality 47 CriticalThinking ReadingMore 48 ReadingMore CriticalThinking Readthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhetheryouagreewiththeauthorornot Workingroupstoprovideexamplestosupportorargueagainsttheauthor spoints 1 GlobalizationispartlyresponsibleforthedeclineofFrenchcuisine 2 Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster 49 1 Meanwhile whatwasmediocreelsewhere albeitcheapandpopular hasbeenimported Para 4 mediocre adj notverygoode g 1 Ithoughtthebookwasprettymediocre 2 He sapersonofmediocreabilities albeit conj although evenif eventhough尽管 即使 纵然e g apeaceful albeitbriefretirement虽然短暂但却很平静的退休生活 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 50 2 FromtheNapaValleytotheThamesandTokyo non FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine Para 4 Paraphrase CooksfromotherpartsoftheworldhavelearnedthehighlightsoftheFrenchcuisine crack v tosolveacomplicatedproblem ortofindtheanswertoamystery解决 难题 解开 秘密 e g Detectivesbelievetheycancrackthecase 侦探们相信他们可以破这个案子 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 51 3 TheyhavebecomeensnaredintheredtapeforwhichFranceisinfamous Para 5 ensnare v toentangleorcatchin orasifin ameshnete g Parkrangersfoundthreedeerthathadbecomeensnaredintraps 公园管理员找到了3只被困在陷阱里的鹿 ensnaredintoalovelessrelationship受骗而陷入一种没有爱的关系之中infamous wellknownforsomethingbade g aninfamouscriminal臭名昭著的罪犯 ReadingMore LanguagePoint 52 4 ButtherealparadoxofFrenchcooking inFrance atleast isthatartisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster Para 7 paradox situationorideathatisstrangebecauseithasfeaturesorqualitiesthatyouwouldnotexpecttoexisttogether自相矛盾的情况 似非而是的说法 悖论e g theparadoxofpeoplewiththebestqualificationsnotbeingabletogetjobs高学历的人无法找到工作的怪事spelltrouble disaster dangeretc ifasituationoractionspellstroubleetc itmakesyouexpecttroubleetc e g 1 Thelackofraincouldspelldisasterforfarmers 2 Thesechangesspellruinforthecompany ReadingMore LanguagePoint 53 5 IftheFrenchwereunderthesamefiscalregimeastheUnitedStates we dbeabletocreatetwiceasmanyjobs Para 8 regime n 1 aparticularsystemofgovernmentormanagement especiallyoneyoudisapproveofe g military totalitarian fascistregime brutal oppressive corruptregime2 aparticularsystem usedespeciallywhentalkingaboutaprevioussystem oronethathasjustbeenintroducede g Underthenewregime allsheepandcattlewillberegularlytestedfordisease ReadingMore LanguagePoint 54 6 Manysmallfarmersandrestaurateursseemtobefightingarearguardactionjusttosurvive Para 11 fightingarearguardaction tomakeadeterminedefforttopreventachangethatyouthinkisbad althoughitseemstoolatetostopite g 1 Theyhavebeenfightingarearguardactiontostopasupermarketbeingbuiltontheland 2 Hefoughtastubbornrearguardactionagainstpoliticalreform ReadingMore LanguagePoint 55 7 TheproblemsafflictingFrenchcuisineareemblematicofthosethatplaguetheeconomyasawhole Para 12 plague v tocausecontinualdiscomfort suffering ortroubletosomeonee g 1 Hehasbeenplaguingmewithsillyquestions 2 Financialproblemscontinuedtoplaguethecompany ReadingMore LanguagePoint 56 Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence P56 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction Key1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A A D B A B C A A B Task1 57 Task2 e g Artisticsuccessoftenspellsbusinessdisaster Spell meansindicate signifyinthesentence Englishwordsassumedifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthecontext P57 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 58 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 1 Thecongenialquaintnessofthestreetmarket infact drawsdirectlyonglobalization congenial means inthesentence 2 Non FrenchcookshavecrackedthecodesofthebestFrenchcuisine crack means inthesentence pleasant understand 59 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 3 AttheannualagriculturalfairinParisthisspring visitorsnotonlyenjoyedsippingwines butoliveoils fair means inthesentence 4 Oliveoils onealittlenutty anotherquitefruity someofthem oneistemptedtosay justalittleimpudent impudent means inthesentence aneventinwhichpeopleorbusinessesshoworselltheirproducts cheeky 60 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 5 Considerthevalue addedtaxesthatwere harmonized alloverEuropeduringthe1990s harmonized means inthesentence 6 Theypenalizesit downrestaurants whetherhumblebistrosorhautecuisine humble means inthesentence unified modestorunpretentious 61 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 7 TheCAPissupposedtobenefitsmallfarmers keepthemonthelandandthusnurturetheterroirthatgivesFrenchcookingitssoul nurture means inthesentence 8 TheproblemsafflictingFrenchcuisineareemblematicofthosethatplaguetheeconomyasawhole afflict means inthesentence plague means inthesentence cherish causepainorsuffer annoy trouble 62 ReadingMore VocabularyinAction 9 LikeFrenchcuisine theFrencheconomystillholdstheoccasionalsurprise hold means inthesentence 10 Butthebasicproblemsofbureaucracy taxesandsocialreluctancetochangeremainaburdenforeveryone reluctance means inthesentence have unwillingness 63 PracticalTranslation 64 定语从句在句中充当定语 修饰某一名词或代词 引导定语从句的关联词可以是关系代词 如who which that 和关系副词 如when where as 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种 定语从句的翻译 在英译汉中 定语从句的处理办法一般用前置法 后置法 融合法和转换法等 1 前置法把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带 的 的定语词组 放置于被修饰的词之前 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句 2 后置法有时定语从句可视上下文将其译成独立的句子或与主句并列的分句 放在被修饰词的后面 定语从句的翻译 1 65 1 Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps 我们往往可以从一个人所阅读的书以及所交往的朋友去看他的为人 2 Butifyouputdownabookyoudon tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou andthenrelaxwithit youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime 但是如果你把自己觉得没劲的书放下另换别的 直到发现一本你认为有意思的书 然后轻松地读下去 那么几乎可以肯定你会感到很快活的 定语从句 hereads hekeeps 分别被译成带 的 的短语 所阅读的 所交往的 放在中心词前面 这又是一个定语从句译成带 的 的短语放在中心词前面的例子 66 3 Peoplearestilltalkingaboutthehistoriceventsofseveralyearsago whenmantookhisfirstwalkinspace 人们仍然在谈论几年前的历史性事件 那时人类首次进行了太空行走 4 Theyarelookingforacitywherethestandardoflivingishighandthecostoflivingislow 他们要寻找一座城市 在那里生活水准高 但是生活成本低 5 Theyactmostlyonsuggestionsfrompresentmembers ofwhomfourarewomen 他们大多听从现在成员的建议行事 这些成员中有4人是女性 非限制性定语从句译成短句放在被修饰词 几年前 后面 译文表达清晰流畅 这里 where引导的定语从句较长 放在中心词 city 后面 符合汉语表达习惯 非限制性定语从句处理成单句放在中心词后面 使译文顺畅 67 1 融合法融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句 其中的定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分 由于限制性定语从句与主句关系较紧密 所以 融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句 尤其是therebe结构带有定语从句的句型 定语从句的翻译 2 原句中的主句部分thereisaman翻译成 有人 然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分 1 Thereisamandownstairswhowantstoseeyou 楼下有人要见你 68 2 Inourfactory therearemanypeoplewhoaremuchinterestedinthenewinvention 在我们工厂里 许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣 3 BeingOKwithriskissomethingthatindustrydemands 企业要求员工能承受风险 原句中的主句部分therearemanypeople翻译成 许多人 作译文的主语 然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分 与其将从句处理成带 的 的前置定语 接受风险是企业要求的东西 或是后置的分句 承受风险 那是企业要求的 都没有将主从句相融合译得更简洁紧凑 69 2 转换法有些定语从句从形式上看是定语从句 但从意义上分析却具有状语从句的性质和功能 翻译时应分析原文主句和从句之间的逻辑关系 然后译成相应的分句 70 1 Hewouldbearashmanwhoshouldventuretodefyworldpublicopinionandactarbitrarily 如果有人公然反抗世界公众舆论而一意孤行 他定是个鲁莽之徒 2 Imetyourmother whowasdoingshoppingatthesupermarket 你母亲在超市买东西时 我遇见了她 上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的条件状语从句 这里 将英语定语从句译成汉语的时间状语从句 71 3 Heinsistedonbui