高一必修一unit5 Grammar.ppt

Grammar theAttributiveClause II where when why prep which whom 带定语从句的谚语 1 Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves 自助者天助之 2 Hewholaughslastlaughsbest 谁笑到最后 谁笑的最好 3 Hewhodoesn treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman 不到长城非好汉 Iprefertherobot canplaytheguitar which therobot Therobot Howtomakeit Review TheAttributiveClause 简化图示 共有词 主句 从句 共有词 关系词 共有词 关系词 主句从句 Themanisaworker isspeakingatthemeeting who Theman Theman Haveatry Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker 1 Thisisthebesthotelinthecity Iknow A ItB whereC thatD Which2 YourteacherofChineseisayounglady comesfromBeijing A whoB whichC whomD whose3 Isthereanythingelse yourequire A whichB thatC whoD what 1 Thisisourschool weloveverymuch A whoB whomC whichD whose REVISION 2 Westudyinaschool environment 环境 isverybeautiful A thatB whichC whoD whose REVISION 3 Thestudents havebeenadmittedintoourschoolarestudyingveryhard A whoB whomC whichD whose REVISION Para 11 ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife 2 Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice 3 Hewasgenerouswithhistime forwhichIwasgrateful AttributiveClausesinElias Story Para 24 TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway 5 However thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg AttributiveClausesinElias Story Para 36 ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest 7 untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall AttributiveClausesinElias Story Para 48 Theycouldnotgetthejobtheywanted 9 Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople 10 TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica AttributiveClausesinElias Story 11 Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant orfightthegovernment 12 Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful AttributiveClausesinElias Story Eliasshallneverforgettheday HefirstmetMandelaonthatday Eliasshallneverforgetthedaywhen onwhichhefirstmetMandela 关系副词whenwherewhy Theschoolwas3kilometersaway Eliasstudiedintheschoolforonly2years Theschoolwhere inwhichEliasstudiedforonlytwoyearswas3kilometersaway 关系副词whenwherewhy Beijingisthecitywherethe2008OlympicGameswasheld Beijingisthecity The2008OlympicGameswasheldinthecity Beijingisthecityinwhichthe2008OlympicGameswasheld 关系副词whenwherewhy Harvardisaworld famousuniversitywhereWangAngothisDoctor sdegree Harvardisaworld famousuniversity ThereWangAngothisDoctor sdegree 关系副词whenwherewhy Eliaslefthisschoolbecausehisfamilycouldnotpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare ThereasonwhyEliaslefthisschoolwasthathisfamilycouldn tpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare Thereasonwhy wasthat 关系副词whenwherewhy Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear 关系副词 why forthereason 定语从句 先行词 forwhich 时间 时间状语 地点 地点状语 原因 原因状语 关系副词 whenwherewhy at in on duringwhich in atwhich forwhich 1 引导定语从句2 在定语从句中充当状语3 指代先行词when的先行词一般为表示时间的名词where的先行词一般为表示地点的名词why的先行词一般为reason 关系副词引导定语从句中的作用 when where why相当于 介词 关系代词 which when at in on duringwhichwhere in atwhichwhy forwhich I llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague onwhich ontheday 4 Preposition which whom 1 根据介词与先行词的习惯搭配来确定 介词 which whom前介词的选定 Istillremembertheholiday Istayedwithmygrandparentsduringthatholiday IstillremembertheholidaysduringwhichIstayedwithmygrandparents Theshipismadeofsteel Thesteelisofhighquality Theshipismadeofsteelwhichisofhighquality Thesteelwhichtheshipismadeofisofhighquality 介词 which whom前介词的选定 2 根据介词与定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定 Thesteelofwhichtheshipismadeisofhighquality 3 当表示 整体中的部分 或者 所有关系 时 介词选择 of 指人用 ofwhom 指物用 ofwhich 介词 which whom前介词的选定 Ihavetwobrothers Bothofthemaredoctors Ihavetwobrothers andbothofthemaredoctors Ihavetwobrothers bothofwhomaredoctors Thereareforty fivestudentsinourclass Onethirdofthemarefromthenearbyvillages Thereareforty fivestudentsinourclass andonethirdofthemarefromthenearbyvillages 介词 which whom前介词的选定 Thereareforty fivestudentsinourclass onethirdofwhomarefromthenearbyvillages 如果介词与其前面的动词是固定搭配的动词短语 介词不可前置 Tips Bobfoundthedictionary Ihadbeenlookingforit Bobfoundthedictionary that Ihadbeenlookingfor Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof Thisistheboy Shehastakencareofhim 1 Doyoulikethebookshespent 10 2 Doyoulikethebookshepaid 10 3 Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot 4 Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks 5 Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies 6 Thereisatalltreeoutside standsourteacher onwhich forwhich fromwhich aboutwhich throughwhich underwhich 7 Chinahasalotofrivers thesecondlongest istheYellowRiver 8 Thetower peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill 9 Theman Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling 10 Hepaidtheboy 10forwashingtenwindows most hadn tbeencleanedforatleastayear 11 Whoisthegirl youtalkedjustnow ofwhich fromwhich towhom ofwhich towhom 关系代词和关系副词的判断 关系代词和关系副词的选择有其先行词在定语从句中所作的成分来确定 当先行词在定语从句中作状语时 用关系副词 表时间用when 表地点用where 表原因用why 或者相应的介词 which 若先行词在定语从句中作主语或者宾语时 则用关系代词 Thereason hegaveuswashardtoaccept Thereason hewaslateisthathemissedthefirstbus Thisistheplace Ispentmychildhood Thisistheplace wevisitedlastsummer Iwillneverforgetthedays Ispentinthecountryside Iwillneverforgetthedays Iworkedinthecountryside 关系代词和关系副词的判断 which why that which when where that which 判断关系代词与关系副词方法一 用关系代词 还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词 及物动词后面无宾语 就必须要求用关系代词 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词 例如 ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear I llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou 方法二 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分 主 谓 宾 定 状 也能正确选择出关系代词 关系副词 1 Isthismuseum youvisitedafewdaysago A whereB thatC onwhichD theone2 Isthisthemuseum theexhibitionwasheld A whereB thatC onwhichD theone D A 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分 先行词在从句中做主 定 宾语时 选择关系代词 who whom that which whose 先行词在从句中做状语时 应选择关系副词 where地点状语 when时间状语 why原因状语 Ican tforgetthedays Ispentinthearmy Ican tforgetthedays Istayedwiththesoldiers Thisisthefactory employsalotofforeigners Thisisthefactory myfatherusedtowork Thereason hegavetomeisonlyanexcuse Thereason hewasabsentfromthemeetingisthathismotherwasbadlyill which that when inwhich which that where inwhich which that why forwhich NOTES 当表示时间 地点 原因的名词如day time place factory reason等作先行词 在定语从句中作状语时 用when where why 在从句中作主语或宾语时 就用that或which Ex 1 Atthetopofthemountainthereisasmallhouse wecanseethebeautifulscenery 2 Who stheman youshookhandsjustnow 3 Iwillrememberthetime Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent 4 Hedidn tgivethereason hewaslate inwhich withwhom atwhich forwhich Prep which whom a Thisistheplacewhereheworks Thisistheplacewhich that wevisitedlastyear b Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat which wespenttogether c Thisisthereasonwhy forwhichhewent Thereasonthat which hegaveuswasquitereasonable Makecomparison 先行词在定语从句中的成分不同 引导词不同 Thisisthereason hegaveme Thisisthereason hewaslate that which why Thisisthefactory myfatherworked Thisisthefactory myfathervisited that which where October1stisaday wewillneverforget October1stisaday ournewChinawasfounded that which when EX 1 Theperson youshouldwritetoisMr Ball 2 Thepersonto youshouldwriteisMr Ball 3 Thegames hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting 4 Thegamesin hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting who that whom whom which that which 5 October1st 1949istheday wewillneverforget 6 Isthistheshop sellschildren sclothing 7 Hisparentswouldn tlethimmarryanyone familywaspoor 8 Thepen heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday withwhich that which which that whose 9 Heistheman youcanturnforhelp 10 Thisisthetreeunder weusedtoplaygames 11 Thefarm weworkedtenyearsagoisn twhatisusedtobe 12 Abiologistisaman hasagreatknowledgeofbiology towhom which onwhich who that 13 Thepoorboy lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather 14 Thisisthefactory heworkedtenyearsago 15 Thisisthefactory maketoys 16 Heistheboy familywaspoor who that where inwhich whose which that 1 Isthisthefactory heworkedtenyearsago A thatB whereC whichD theone2 Isthisfactory someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday A thatB whereC whichD theone 3 Ishallneverforgetthoseyears Iliveonthefarm youvisitedlastweek A when whereB which whichC when whichD which where4 Doyouknowthereason hewaslate A forwhichB forwhatC whichD that 5 Maythefourthistheday weChinesepeoplewillneverforget A whichB whenC onwhichD aboutwhich6 Isthatthereason youareinfavoroftheproposal A whichB whatC whyD forthat 7 Ilikethesecondfootballmatch washeldlastweek A whichB whoC thatD 8 Iwillneverforgettheday westudiedtogether A atwhichB onthatC atthatD onwhich 9 Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers shehadwipedherhands A whereB whichC whenD that10 TheSecondWorldWar millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945 A onwhichB whereC inthatD duringwhich 1 Today we lldiscussanumberofcases beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly 2007陕西 A whichB asC whyD where QuizI Multiplechoice 2 Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity sightmattersmorethanhearing 2007天津 A whenB whoseC whichD where3 Wheredidyougettoknowher Itwasonthefarm weworked 2007山东 A thatB thereC whichD where 4 Occasionsarequiterare Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids 2008山东 A whoB whichC whyD when5 Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintroducedtoreaders consumercomplaintshaveresultedinchangesinthelaw 2008江西 A whereB whenC whoD which 6 Whatdoyouthinkofteaching Bob Ifinditfunandchallenging Itisajob youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting 2009北京 A whereB whichC whenD that7 She llneverforgetherstaythere shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore 2009四川 A thatB whichC whereD when 8 StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanets lifehasdevelopedgradually 2010福建 A thatB whereC whichD whose 9 Abankistheplace theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain 2011浙江 A whenB tha