unit3_computers.ppt

Computers Unit3 教材内容分析 本单元的听说读写活动围绕中心话题 计算机 展开 内容涉及计算机的发展历史 计算机的应用等 其中还谈到包括计算机在内的几种信息技术的载体 智能机器人的发明等 现在完成被动式 是本单元的句法项目 教学设计说明 根据教学内容可将本单元分为四个课时来进行教学 1 Warmingup与reading整合成一课时 重点在于引导学生了解计算机的发展历史 2 Learningaboutlanguage作为一课时 着重帮助学生分析文章中的语言点和掌握本单元的语法项目 3 Usinglanguage中的listening和speaking作为一课时 引导学生进一步了解和谈论关于IT的知识 4 Usinglanguage中的reading和writing作为一课时 旨在激发学生对于计算机兴趣以及设计机器人 Period1Warmingup reading Iamveryoldnow IwasborninChina Manypeopleusedmeforcalculatinginthepast butnowIamabitlonelybecausetheydon tlikemenow DoyouknowwhoIam abacus Riddles 谜语 Icanbeusedforcalculating Besides IcanalsobeusedforwatchingDVD sendinge mailandcommunicatingthroughtheInternet However IamnotaPC becauseI msmallenoughforyoutotakemewithyou DoyouknowwhoIam laptop PDAPersonalDigitalAssistant IamsosmallinsizethatIcanfitinyourhand Iusuallyhaveasmallscreenusuallybiggerthanadigitalphone howeversmallerthanthesmallestlaptop I magreatwaytostoretelephonenumbers accesstheinternet makecalculations andsoon DoyouknowwhoIam Iamverysmall Icanbeusedforcalculating InChina alotofstudentsusemewhensolvingmathematicalproblems DoyouknowwhoIam calculator Iamverybig Scientistsusemetosolvesomemathematicalproblems hugecomputer DoyouknowwhoIam robot I mamachinethatworksautomatically Icandoawidevarietyoftasks especiallysuitablefordoingjobstooboring difficult ordangerousforhumanbeings DoyouknowwhoIam PCPersonalComputer I masmall relativelyinexpensivecomputerdesignedforanindividualuser I mbasedonthemicroprocessortechnology Athome peopleusemetosurftheInternetandplaygames DoyouknowwhoIam PDA abacus calculator hugecomputer PC laptop What snext Canyoutellthedevelopmentofcomputers robot Doyouknowinwhatwayscomputersareusedtoday Workoutalistandcompareitwithyourpartner searchfor seemovies listentomusic readbooksandmagazines sendemailstofriends downloadmusicandfilms buythingsonline playgamesonthecomputer drawpictures lookatphotographsonthecomputer useacomputerforschoolwork takepartinchatgroups WHOAMI Reading 1 Whoisthespeakerinthisstory 2 What sthemainideaofthispassage A Thedevelopmentofcomputers B Thedevelopmentanduseofcomputers C Amachinewhichissimple minded D Computersmayreplacehumanbeings Acomputer Skimming ReadingComprehensionI Thecomputerbeganasacalculatingmachine 1936 Thecomputergrewrapidlybothinsizeandinbrainpower Finishthetimelinebelow Scanning ReadingComprehensionII 1960s Computerswereusedinofficesandhomes Computersconnectpeopleallovertheworldtogether Thecomputerhadgrownaslargeasaroom Thesechangesonlybecamepossibleasmymemoryimproved Sincethe1970smanynewapplicationshavebeenfoundforme OvertimeIhavebeenchangedquitealot Para1 Para2 Para3 Matchthemainideasandtheparagraphs ReadingComprehensionIII Completethechartbelow Scanning ReadingComprehension Brainstormalistofthingsthatyou yourschoolandyourfamilyusecomputersfor Thinkaboutwhatyouwouldhavetodoifyoucouldnotusecomputersanymore Discussion Period2Learningaboutlanguage Fillthewordorexpressionforeachofthefollowingmeaningsfromthetext 1 completechangeinwaysofthinking working etc2 connectedcomputersystem3 tomakethingseasier revolution network simplify LearningaboutLaguage 4 tofindtheanswerusingnumbers5 canbemovedeasilyfromplacetoplace6 toworkouttheanswertoaproblem7 totravelaroundanareatofindoutaboutit calculate mobile solve explore 8 completely9 anyway10 activityofmanagingmoney totally anyhow finance Completethepassagewiththewordsbelow artificialtechnologyintelligentapplicationsexploreWebrealitylogically Mybrotherwasveryinterestedincomputersandenjoyedwritingprogramsofhisown HeusedtodownloadinformationfromtheInternetandmade gooduseofit Helikedto theWorldWide andusedtheInternettocommunicatewithcomputerprogrammersallovertheworld WhenhewenttouniversityhestudiedIT information anddevelopedaspecialin explore Web technology artificial intelligence Afterdevelopingspecial ofthecomputer hehopestodesignan robotwhichcanthink andlooklikehumanbeing butin hewasalongwaytogo logically applications intelligent reality calculatevt work sth outbyusingnumbers计算 e g calculatethecostofsth calculatorn 计算器 Languagepoints 2 universaladj existingeverywhereorinvolvingeveryone普遍的 通用的 宇宙的universalrules一般的原则universen 宇宙 万有 世界 全人类Ourworldisbutasmallpartoftheuniverse 我们的世界只是宇宙的一小部分 3 simplifyvttomakesomethinglesscomplicatedandthereforeeasiertodoorunderstand简化TheEnglishinthisstoryhasbeensimplifiedtomakeiteasiertounderstand 这个故事里的英语被简写了 可更容易理解 4 logicaladj 合逻辑的 合清理的alogicalthinker思想有逻辑性的人alogicalprocess合理的程序logicallyadv 逻辑上 有条理地Heactedlogicallyunderthecircumstances 在这种情况下他做事仍然很理智 Logically thedecisionisobvious 从逻辑上 这项决定是明显的 5 technology technique n technologist person technical adj technological adj 1 Thiscompanyisingreatneedofmany 2 Tobuildthismachine youmusthave ability 3 Doyouknowtheknowledgeofagricultural technologists technical technique 6 artificialadj 人造的 假的artificialflowers limbs pearls假花 假肢 假珍珠artificialintelligence人工智能 7 intelligencenoun U theabilitytolearn understandandmakejudgmentsorhaveopinionsthatarebasedonreason 智力 聪明intelligencequotient智商anintelligencetest智力测验anintelligenceagent情报员 谍报员 intelligentadj 智能的 聪明的anintelligentreader理解力强的读者anintelligentbeing有智力的动物intelligentreply巧妙的答复Heisanintelligentperson 他是一位有才智的人 8 solvevt 解决 解答1 Ican tsolvetheproblem 我解答不了这个难题 2 Helpmetosolvemyfinancialtroubles 请帮我解决经济困难 3 Thegreatestscholarcannotsolvethisdifficultproblem 再伟大的学者也没有办法解答这个难题吧 9 from on从 时起Fromthenon theprinceandprincesslivedhappily 从那时起 王子与公主就幸福地生活在一起 10 asaresult结果1 Hedidn tworkhard asaresulthefailedhisexam 他不用功 结果考试不及格 2 Fivehundredjobswereaxedasaresultofgovernmentspendingcuts 由于政府缩减经费的缘故 有五百人被突然解雇了 3 Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow 由于大雪他迟到了 11 so that 如此 以致于 与too to 句型的相互转换 e g Heissooldthathecan tcarrythebox Heistoooldtocarrythebox 此结构中的that从句表示结果 Thestoneissoheavythatnoonecanliftit 比较 sothat既能表结果 也能表目的 so that 结构的so 形容词 副词位于句首时 句子用倒装结构 Soharddoesheworkthatheseldomgoeshome 12 explorevt vi 探索 探测 探究1 Theexpertsareexploringeverypartoftheisland 专家们正在勘查这个岛的各个部分 2 Hehadanitchtogetawayandexplore 他等不及要动身去探险 3 Canyouexplorethemarketpossibilityforus 您能为我们考察一下市场前景吗 13 anyhowadv 无论如何 即使如此 至少1 Icouldn tthinkofthenameofthatmananyhow 我怎么也想不出那人的名字来了 2 Anyhow youcantry 至少你可以试试 3 AnyhowImusttellthetruth 无论如何 我必须说出真相 14 goaln 目标 目的 球门one sgoalinlife生活的目标acommongoal一个共同的目标keepgoal守球门winbytwogoals以两球获胜Heachievedhisgoal 他达到了他的目标 Hekickedagoal 他踢进一球 15 humanrace人类1 Isthehumanracethreatenedwithcompleteextinction 人类是否会受到完全灭绝的威胁呢 2 Everythingyousayseemstobepervadedwithamistrustofthehumanrace 你说的一切似乎都渗透了对人类的不信任 Difficultsentencesanalysis IamnowtrulyfilledwithhappinessthatIamadevotedfriendandhelperofthehumanrace S P 我现在充满了幸福感 成了人类的好朋友好帮手 同位语从句 O Adv ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响 现在完成时的被动语态 UnderstandingthestructureofthepresentperfectpassivevoiceThestructureofthepresentperfectpassivevoiceis have has been ed 主动语态即主语为动作的执行者 被动语态即主语为动作的承受者 现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 但主语为动作的承受者 表示 已经被 Thenewschoolhasbeensetup 新学校已经建成了 2 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为 have has been doneTheexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully 这个实验做得很成功 现在完成时被动语态的否定式为 have has not been doneTom snovelhasnotbeenpublished 汤姆的小说还没有被出版 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have has提到主语的前面 Hashisbikebeenrepaired 他的自行车修好了吗 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为 疑问词 have has been doneWhohasbeeninvited 谁受到了邀请 现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个概念 1 说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果 2 主语是行为动作的承受者 现在完成时的被动语态由have hasbeen v ed构成 其中v ed为过去分词 表示被动 Ihavebeentoldaboutitmanytimes Thebridgehasjustbeenbuilt 在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要注意以下两点 1 过去分词前有两个助动词 have has和been 2 必须表示被动 注意 副词的位置often usually always never hardly seldom等副词置于have has和been中间 如 误 Suchamanhasbeenhardlybelieved 正 Suchamanhashardlybeenbelieved 2 并不是所有动词都有被动语态happen takeplace breakout belongto cost last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态 如 误 GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978 正 GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978 2 open break drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态 3 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词 如 Thepatientshavebeentakengoodcareof 4 一些特殊动词 如borrow finish begin buy start return marry open join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 若要表达相应的意思 则需改换动词或时态 如 Mybrotherhashad 不能用hasbought thisbikeforalmostfouryears Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought Howlongagowasthisbookbought 1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2 把谓语变成被动结构 be 过去分词 根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数 以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式 主动语态变被动语态的方法 3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语 将主格改为宾格 Allthepeoplelaughedathim Hewaslaughedatbyallthepeople Theymakethebikesinthefactory Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory 4 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语 另一个保留不动 主动 Ihavegivenhimthekey 被动 Hehasbeengiventhekey 被动 Thekeyhasbeengiven to him 5 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时 只能将宾语变为主语 原来的宾补保留不动 改称主语补足语 主动 Ihaveaskedhertohelpyou 被动 Shehasbeenaskedtohelpyou 1 Whenandwheretogofortheon salaryholiday yet A arenotdecidedB havenotbeendecidedC isnotbeingdecidedD hasnotbeendecided 单选 2 Everypossiblemeans topreventtheairpollution buttheskyisstillnotclear A isusedB areusedC hasbeenusedD havebeenused 3 Allthepreparationsforthetask andwe rereadytostart A completedB completeC hadbeencompletedD havebeencompleted 4 Somenewoilfields since1976 A wereopenedupB hasopenedupC havebeenopenedupD hadbeenopenedup 5 Thesilenceofthelibrary onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover A hasbeenbrokenB breaksC brokeD wasbroken 6 thesportsmeetmightbeputoff Yes italldependsontheweather A I vebeentoldB I vetoldC I mtoldD Itold TurnthefollowingintothePassiveVoice 1 Wehaveplantedsometreesaroundthelake 2 Myfatherhaslockedthedoor 3 Someonehasturnedoffthelight Sometreeshavebeenplantedaroundthelake Thelighthasbeenturnedoff Thedoorhasbeenlocked 4 TheywillholdtheOlympicGamesinLondonintheyear2012 5 Theyhaverebuiltthebridge Thebridgehasbeenrebuilt TheOlympicGameswillbeheldinLondonintheyear2012 1 误 Manynewbuildingsbeenbuiltsince1980 正 Manynewbuildingshavebeenbuiltsince1980 分析 谓语部分结构不全 时态部分不完整 试分析 2 误 Somethingbadhasbeenhappenedtohim 正 Somethingbadhashappenedtohim 分析 被动语态误用 happen为不及物动词 不及物动词没有被动语态 3 误 IhaveintroducedtoMrSmith 正 IhavebeenintroducedtoMrSmith byMrWang 分析 introduce为及物动词 I是introduce的承受者 4 误 Thedoorhasbeenopenedofitself 正 Thedoorhasopenedofitself 分析 有些动词如open break drop等既可以作及物动词 又可以作不及物动词 若不强调谁是动作的发出者 我们通常用主动语态 ofitself意思是 自动地 因此 此句不可用被动语态 PuttheChineseintoEnglishtocompletethesentences 1 Youcanseethehouse 未油漆 foryears 2 Howmanyworkers 已派遣 tobuildtherailway 3 WhydoesMarylooksounhappy She 被嘲笑 byherclassmates hasnotbeen painted havebeensent hasbeenlaughedat 4 Itissaidthatthehouse 闯进了 bytwothieves 5 hisviews 受到批判 bythem 6 Thetwopens 未被拿走 byhim 7 Where thetelevision 已经修理了 Have beencriticized havenotbeentakenaway has been repaired brokeninto hasbeen 8 ThepriceofacolorTVset 降价了 again 9 What 已被译成 intomanyforeignlanguages beenbroughtdown has hasbeentranslated Period3Listening reading Listening Listentothewholetextandwritedownthemainideainonesentence Twostudentsaretalkingaboutinformationtechnology ListentoPartAandfillinthechartbelow ThendothesamewithPartB books radioandTV books computers TV Listeningtext PartAD Hi Laura It sgoodtoseeyoubecauseI msobored MyhomeworkisaboutInformationTechnologybutIknoweverythingthereistoknowaboutit L LauraD Dave WHATISINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY L Comeoffit Dave IthinkImightknowmorethanyou D OK Letmetestyou Here sthefirstquestion What sinformationtechnology L Gosh that seasy It scomputer ofcourse D Ah That sjustwhereyou rewrong Itincludesbooks radioandTVaswell L Really Well Inever D Questionnumber2 WhichisthemostpopularformofITintheworld L Well thatmustbecomputersthistime D No it sbooks Thinkofallthosepeopleindevelopingcountrieswithoutcomputers TheironlyformofITisbooks L Ohdear I mnotdoingverywell PartBD Here sthethirdquestion WhichformofITisthebestfordescribingtheskillsofasport L Itmustbetheradio D Actually it snot ThebestdescriptionsareontheTVbecauseyoucannotonly hearthetechnicallanguage butalsoseehowithappens L Goodness Wrongagain D Here sthelastquestion WhichformofIThasthemostfunctions L ThistimeImustberight It sthecomputer ofcourse D Yes Youcanwatchafilm replayamatch communicatewithfriendsthroughtheInternet getinformationandfindoutwhat sgoingonintheworld L Ohdear Threequestionswrongoutoffour PerhapsIdon tknowasmuchaboutITasIthoughtIdid WhataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofeachformofIT Insmallgroupsdiscussthisquestionandputyourideasontothechart ThendecidewheneachkindofITismostuseful Theadvantage disadvantageis Ithink don tthinkthat Givemeyourreasons Whatmakesyouthinkso Ithink because of Usethesereasoningexpressionsinyourdiscussion Let sdecide As Since Ithink Iagree don tagree because First Second I vedecidedthat Ibelievethat Let smakeadecision Period4Reading writing ANDY THEANDROID Reading WhoisAndy Andyispartofanandroidfootballteam Andyisasbigasahuman Infact Andylookslikeonetoo Andyisastrikeronthefootballteam Andycanrunveryfast Andy scomputerchipshelphimtomoveandthinklikeahuman 1ReadthepassagecarefullyandfillinthefileforAndy Name Appearance Size Character Andy smallwomanwithfourarms sameheightasaten year old patientandkind Ability Job canfinishreadingsomebooksinafewminutesandprintouttheinformationwhenneeded homeworkhelper 2 Createyourownandroid Fillinthefile andcomparewithyourpartner Name Appearance Size Character Ability 1 signalvi vt 发信号n 信号1 Aredlampisoftenadangersignal 红灯常常是危险的信号 2 Thepolicesignaledthetraffictomoveforwardslowly 警察向来往车辆打信号 示意缓慢前行 Languagepoints 3 Herspeechyesterdaywasasignalthatherviewshavechanged 她昨天的讲话标志着她的观点已经转变 4 Heseemstobesignaling 他似乎正在发送信号 2 goaln 球门 进球 得分 目标 目的1 You dbettersetagoalbeforeyoustartthedrill 练习开始前 你最好设定一个目标 2 Hehasachievedhisgoal 他已经实现了他的目标 3 Whoiskeepinggoal isingoal ieisgoalkeeper forArsenal 谁给阿森纳