英语四级总结(听力高频词及作文句型范文).doc

1acceleratevt. (使)加速，增速 【例】accelerate the rate of economic growth 加速经济增长 【派】acceleration n. 加速 accelerating a.加速的2accountn. 账户、考虑 【考】take sth. into account 把考虑在内3accustomvt.使习惯 【考】be accustomed to4adaptvi. 适应 【考】adapt to适应5adjustvi.适应 【考】adjust to.适应6advocatevt. 宣扬7affluenta.富裕的 【派】affluence n.富裕8annoyvt.使烦恼, 使恼怒 【派】annoying a. 令人恼人的; annoyance n. 烦恼;?annoyed a.颇为生气的9ascribevt.把归咎于 【考】ascribe.to 归因于10assessvt.评估 【派】assessment n. 评估11assignvt.指派，选派；分配，布置（作业） 【派】assignment 作业12assumevt.假象、假定13attainvt.获得 【考】attain ones ideal 达到理想14attributevt. 把归因于 【考】attribute sth.? to 把.归咎于15attributevt.归咎于 【考】be attributed to? attribute sth. to 16automaticallyad. 自动地17boostvt.提高，推动，使增长 n. 推动，增长 【例】boost the economy 推动经济增长 【派】booster n.支持者，推动器18brillianta.光辉的、辉煌的 【派】brilliance n.19collaboratevi.合作 【考】collaborate with. sb.20comprehensivea. 综合的 【考】综合性大学21consciousa. 有意识的 【考】be conscious of sth. 对 有意识22conservevt.保存、节省 【考】conserve energy 保护能源23consideratea. 考虑周到的24contributevt.贡献 【考】contribute to 导致、带来、为贡献25convenienta.方便的 n.convenience 方便26conveyvt.传达27cooperatevt.合作 【考】cooperative a.合作的28coordinatevt.合作29cultivatevt.培养30derivevt. 出自、源于 【考】derive from 31despairvi.绝望; n. 绝望 【考】despair of 绝望; sb. be in despair 某人处于绝望中32disapprovevt. 不批准、不赞同 【派】disapproval n. 不赞同【考】express strong disapproval33dismissvt.撤销、免职 【考】be dismissed by ones company 被公司解雇34distinguishvt.辨别 【派】distinguished a.? 突出的35distributevt.分配、分发 【考】distribution n.分配、分发36dominatevt. 支配、统治 【考】male-dominated society 男性主导社会37embarrassvt.使窘迫, 使尴尬; 【派】embarrassed a.(某人)尴尬的; embarrassment n. 沮丧 embarrassing a. (某事)令人尴尬的38employvt. 雇佣；使用 【考】in the employ of 受雇于 【派】employer n. 雇主；employee n.雇员 employment n. 雇佣, 工作 unemployment n. 失业39engagevt. 从事、订婚 【考】be engaged in sth. 从事40enhancevt.加强41enrollvt.注册、使入会 【派】enrollment42evacuatevt. 撤走、疏散43evaluatevt.评价、估计 【派】evaluation n.44evaluatevt.评价、估计45excessivea.过度的46frustratevt.使沮丧, 使灰心 【派】frustration n. 挫折; frustrating a. 令人沮丧的47genetica.遗传的48guaranteevt. 保证49identifyvt.鉴别、验明 【考】idenfity theft 辨别偷窃50immigratevt. 移民 【派】immigrant n.移民immigration51implementvt.实施 【派】implementation n.52inclinevi.倾向 【考】be inclined to do sth. 倾向于做某事53inferiora.下级的、下等的 【考】be inferior to 比低级54injurevt. 受伤 【派】injured a.受伤的; injury n. 受伤55inquirevi. 询问56instinctn.本能、直觉 【考】human instinct 人类本能57integratevt. 使结合、使一体化 【派】integral a.一体的；integration n.一体 【考】as an integral whole 作为一个整体global economic integration 全球经济一体化58internshipn.实习59inversea.倒转的、反转的60justifyvt.证明是正当的61launchvt. 发射、开展 【考】launch the spacecraft 发射飞船launch a movement 发起一项运动62negativea.消极的63notifyvt.通知、告诉 【派】notification n.64obligationn.? 责任、义务 【考】legal obligation? 法律责任65obstaclen.障碍66optimistica. 乐观的 【考】be optimistic about sth.对很乐观67originatevt.由产生 【考】originate from 由产生68overcomevt.战胜, 克服 【例】overcome difficulties 克服困难69phenomenonn.现象70positivea.积极的71potentiala.潜在的 【考】potential customer 潜在客户72preferablea. 更好的73prevailvt.压倒、胜过 【派】prevailling a. 流行的74priorityn. 优先 【考】sth. is the top priority 优先考虑75proceedvi.进行、着手76promptvt.刺激、推动 【考】prompt sb. to do sth.77proportionn.比例 【派】proportional a.相应的、成比例的78pursuevt. 追求 【派】pursuit n. 追求 【考】pursue ones dream79qualifyvt. (使)胜任，（使）具有资格 【考】qualify for sth. 使具有的资格 【派】qualification n.资格，条件；qualified a.有资格的80recommendvt.推荐81referencen.参考82remindvt.提醒某人注意 【考】be reminded of sth.83relevanta.有关的，切题的【考】be relevant to 与有关 【派】relevance n. 有关，相关；irrelevant a. 不相关的；不切题的84restorevt. 恢复、修复 【考】restore reputation 恢复名誉85restrainvt.遏制 【考】be restrained to do sth.86resumen.简历87reversevt.颠倒、反转88sacrificevt.牺牲89starvationn.饿死90submitvt. 提交 【考】submit sth. to sb. 把提交给某人91subsidyn.津贴、补助 【考】provide subsidy for sb. 为提供津贴92superiora.高级的、高等的 【考】be superior to 比高级93survivevt.幸免于【考】survive sth. 从中幸免94transmitvt. 传播95tropicala.热带的96undertakevt. 承担，着手做；保证，同意 【考】undertake sth. 从事 【派】undertaking n.事业，任务97vanishvi. 消失98victimn. 受害者99visiablea.可看见的100visionvt. 视力、眼光Campus life 校园生活（短对话重点）1作业词汇：assignment/assigned book 必读书目paper essays book/research report composition 作文 textbook教科书/reference book参考书copy 副本 due到期搭配词汇还有：be through with sth 结束，完成have sbs hands full with sth 忙于做某事2课程形式词汇：Seminar研讨会原句： do you have the seminar schedule with you?optional course/elective 选修课evening/day course 晚间/白天课程 compulsory course/requirement （必修课） presentation （展示或演示课）搭配词汇: hardly/barely stay awake （无法保持清醒)advanced physics (高级物理) data processing (数据处理) computer programming (计算机程序) biology 生物3名称：freshman大一 sophomore大二 junior大三 senior大四graduate毕业生 undergraduate本科生 postgraduate 研究生 tutor导师 graduate school 研究生院 减肥：gym 健身房 overweight=out of shape 胖 dieting 节食 lose weight 减肥 slim苗条 larger waist 腰有些肥（可以指人也可以指服装） physical training 身体锻练 weight-lifting 举重Job hunting 求职 (长对话重点)：short list 候选人名单job vacancy 职位空缺job applicant candidate 候选人 apply for applicationPosition/post （职位）resume (简历，注意发音) recruit （招聘）reputationresign （辞职） benefit (package) （福利） paid vacation（带薪假期）social security （美国的社会保险） relocation expenses （异地补偿费用）phased retirement (阶段性退休) be laid off (解雇) hotel consultant (酒店咨询) sales manager（销售经理）Administrative work （行政工作）the job will involve much train travel (工作中会经常有火车旅行的机会)There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales managers job. And finally it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified（合格）20个候选人竞争销售经理的职位。最后就剩我们三个了，不过那两个人看起来胜算更大。I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled.(我听说你升职了，你开心死了吧)not really, the new office is huge,but the work load has doubled.也不见得，新办公室挺大的，但是工作量也翻倍了enables him to apply theory to practice 能够让他把理论应用于实际Getting along well with colleagues与同事和睦相处Send in a written applicaon as soon as possible 尽快发来书面申请机场（飞机上） 1地点：Security check（安检处） Gate（登机口） Terminal （航站楼）Check-in counter （换票柜台） Customs （海关）2人物：Airhostess/stewardess （空姐） steward （空少） flight attendant （飞机乘务员）3状态：Take off/land （起飞、降落） ascend/descend（上升、下降）postpone/delay/cancel （推迟、延迟、取消）I hope you are packed and ready to leave. （我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了）I have packed my passport in one of my bags. （我把护照装在一个包里了）餐厅1点菜：Order menu wine list （酒单） alcohol steak French Fries （薯条）2埋单：Check the bill please!（埋单） Treat （请客） split the bill （分开付）酒店：washing-up 洗碗工作 Reservation预定 honeymoon suite蜜月套间hotel clerk等于receptionist discount折扣free continental breakfast免费欧式早餐图书馆 1书籍：journal 学术类刊物 原句：did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed for the library the other day?你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么？volume 卷 current/back issue 现/过刊 periodical 期刊2人物：librarian 图书管理员同义词recruit征募v.=enroll,enlistunsure不确定的a.=uncertain,doubtful,yet to be proved,possible communicate交流v.=convey,transmit,informcompletely完全彻底地ad.=entirely,utterly,fully,altogether,thoroughly,absolutely,perfectly,totallyaspect方面外观n.=appearance,look,view character性格品质n.=quality,personality,nature total总体a.n.v.=entire,overall,sum up（反义词partial部分的a.） unconscious无意识的a.=unaware,absent-minded,unintentionalanalyze分析研究v.=evaluate,study contribute贡献v.=donate,provide,give describe描述v.=portray,represent,picture establish建立v.=construct,found,erect,build,set up profession职业,行业n.=occupation,career,trademission任务,使团n.=assignment,duty,taskperformance表演,业绩，执行n.=act,achievement,accomplishment especially尤其,专门ad.=particularly,primarily,chiefly remarkably显著非凡地ad.=extraordinarily,unusually,surprisinglyenhance提高,增强v.=increase,improve,raisehinder阻碍v.=prevent,restrain,stoprequire需要,规定v.=command,demand,askurge催促,主张v.=push,drive,insist enormous巨大的a.=huge,vast,greatsensitive敏感的a.=delicate展现问题 常用词：question, problem, issue1.Recently the problem of has been brought into focus.近来，的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。2.With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为）3.Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4.Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化观点：1.Peoples views onvary from person to person. Some hold thatHowever, others believe that（人们对的观点因人而异，有些人认为然而其他人却认为）2.From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理3.There is a good side and a bad side to everything万事万物都有其两面性原因、建议：1. The reasons are chiefly as follows.其主要原因如下。2. The best way to solve the troubles is解决这些麻烦的最好办法是3. It has the following advantages.它有如下优势It is beneficial/harmful to us. It has more disadvantages than advantage.有很多不足之处4. We should try our best to overcome the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做结尾：1.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论）2.All in all, we cannot live without,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）连接词：强调:still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all,significantly,interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.比较:like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.对比:by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.列举:for example, for instance, such as, take .for example. Except (for), to illustrate.时间:later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.顺序:first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.可能:presumably, probably, perhaps.解释:in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.递进:What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.让步:although, after all, in spite of., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.转折:however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on theother hand, unfortunately. whereas原因:for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.结果:as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.总结:on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他:Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,生活时间角度1Sth will make our life more enjoyable, that is to say, sth can add color to the dull routine of every day life. Sth可以使我们的生活更加有乐趣，也就是说，sth为我们每天枯燥的生活增添了一些色彩。2.For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment .对大多数人来讲，阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源 。3.Sth does not occupy students too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Sth不会占据学生太多的时间，实际上让他们把所有的时间都花在学习上也是不健康的，就如一句俗话所说：劳逸结合。4. They would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。知识经验角度1.Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened.逐渐的，我们的知识会得到增加，我们的视野将会大大的拓宽。2.The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。3.Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点，通过学习，他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识，当他们长大后，这些对他们就业是大有好处的。环保On Water ShortageNo one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted. Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected peoples daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones. First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed. Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage. Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem. Whats worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources. Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.大学生就业 College Graduates Work as Village OfficialsThere is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today how college graduates should choose their careers. Some time ago, it was reported that some college graduates chose to work as village officials. To this, peoples attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view while others are against it. As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is a wise choice.On the one hand, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside. First, they can apply their professional knowledge there. Secondly, they can introduce new concepts to the countryside and speed the development of rural culture. As a result, the gap between the city and the countryside can well be bridged.On the other hand, these graduates can benefit a lot from working as village officials. While too many college graduates are fighting for the handful of positions in big cities, these graduates can find themselves a wider stage of development and realize their value.Therefore, college graduates working as village officials is a win-win choice and more graduates should be encouraged to work in the countryside.大学生不健康生活习惯It can be noticed that there are some unhealthy living habits among young people, especially college students. Typical examples include staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming in an inappropriate way. Thus, due attention should be paid to students daily habits. Apparently, these bad habits may generate negative impacts. To begin with, they may impair students physical health and psychological fitness. In addition, what worries many teachers is that they may also exert negative influences on students academic performance. To conclude, never can we turn a blind eye to these phenomena. In view of the seriousness of this issue, it is time that we took effective measure. Firstly, it is suggested that universities or colleges should cultivate students awareness of healthy living. Secondly, students themselves are well-advised to learn to regulate and control their own life appropriately. Only by doing so, can we hope to see the ideal scenes in which students enjoy their colorful and healthy life in Ivory Tower.养宠物Pet RaisingNowadays, with the improvement of the peoples living standard, some people form a habit of raising small or domestic animals as pets. Some raise small dogs or cats as their pets while others raise various birds or fishes as their pets.（阐述现象段）However, some people object to the idea of raising animals as pets. To them, animals have their own right to live a natural life like human beings. On the other hand, the way people raise animals as pets have a negative influence on the surroundings, for example, dogs chasing people on the street and so on. Whats more, some animals will transmit some diseases.（对比论证段）In my opinion, I do not like the idea to raise animals as pets. We should not deprive them of their natural right. In this way, we will live in a peaceful world in harmony with the other living creatures.（总结观点段）电子辞典Machine Translation and Human TranslationIn recent years, all kinds of electronic dictionaries and translation software have been developed. With the development of technology, these electronic dictionaries and software can help us translate not only words and phrases but even sentences and paragraphs. So some people come to the conclusion that machine translation will replace traditional human translation. However, I couldnt agree with this argument. Admittedly, translation machines and software bring much convenience for our study an