Module3doc.doc

Module3 My First Ride on a Train Pre-reading1、Background knowledge of Australia .According to these pictures，ask the students to answer some questions： Do you know how many people live there? Do you know the name of the capital city? Where do you think most of people live，in the central part of the country or on the coast? What do you think the central part of the country is like? What Australian animals do you know about?2、 VocabularyFirst，ask the students to read some new words, pay attention to their pronunciation.Second，match some of the words with these definitions.Abandoned camels cassette clouds colourful desert diamonds distance experts famous farms fields food government law meal midnight passengers products recently sand scenery shine shoot soil supply weather An area of land where it is always dry Valuable stones People who travel on a train，bus or plane You find this on beaches White or grey things made of water in the sky Where plants growMy First Ride on a Train My name is Alice Thompson. I come from Sydney, Australia and Im 18 years old. Recently I had my first ride进行了首次坐车旅行 on a long-distance长途的 train. And what a ride真是一次美妙的旅行!What+a(an)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语! A friend and I travelled on the famous Ghan train. We got on上车；上船等 in Sydney and we got off 下车；下船等in Alice Springs, right恰好，刚好 in the middle of Australia, more than fourthousand kilometres away.(用在名词后)隔开.远;尚有.时间. We spent two days and nights on the train.The train was wonderful美妙的，精彩的 and the food was greatdelicious. We ate great meals cooked by experts专家，烹饪大师! For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey旅程，旅行, the scenery 风景was very colourful. There were fields and the soil土壤 was dark red深红色. After that, it was desert沙漠. The sun shone, there was no wind and there were no clouds in the sky天空. Suddenly, it looked like a place from another time. We saw abandoned 被遗弃的farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.The train was comfortable and the people were nice. During the day, I sat and looked out of the window, and sometimes talked to other passengers. I read books and listened to my Chinese cassettes 录音带(Im studying Chinese at school). One night, at about midnight午夜, I watched the night sky夜空 for about an hour. The stars shone like diamonds钻石.Why is the train called the Ghan阿富汗号。在本文中指火车的名称? A long time ago, Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country. They tried riding horsestry doing sth 试着做, but the horses didnt like the hot weather and sand. A hundred and fifty years ago, they brought some camels骆驼 from Afghanistan. Ghan is short for 为的缩写，是的简称Afghanistan.Camels were much better than horses for travelling a long distance. For many years, trained camels受过训练的骆驼。ed分词作定语修饰名词。 carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and other products产品.The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s. Then the government built a new railway line, so they didnt need the camels any morenot.any more=no more不再. In 1925, they passed a law通过一项法律 which allowed people to shootallow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 the animals if they were a problem问题，麻烦的事. In 1935, the police in a town shot 153 camels in one day.词汇及短语distancedistnsn.距离,远处abandonedbndndadj.被抛弃的，被遗弃的camelkmln.骆驼cassettekset n.盒式录音带,盒子desertdezt n.沙漠 vt.离弃,擅离diamonddaimndn.钻石,菱形experteksp:tn.专家 a.熟练的midnightmidnaitn.午夜productprdktn.产品；成果；作品scenerysi:nri n.舞台布景;风景shootu:tvt.射杀soil siln.土壤;土地journeyd:nin.旅行,旅程traintreinvt.训练n.列车;队列get on 上（车、船等）get off 下（车、船等）get into 上（车）get out of 下（车）take off （飞机）起飞be short for 是的缩写/简称not any more 不再our of date 过时refer to 指的是While-reading1、ScanningRead My First Ride on a Train. Whats the passage about?2、Careful readingAsk the students to read the passage again carefully and answer the questions. Did Alice travel on the train along time ago? Was her destination on the coast of Australia? Was the scenery the same during the whole journey? Did she study while she was on the train? Did the Australia use horses to travel to the central part of the country? Do they still use camels to deliver goods?After-readingReading Comprehendsion 1. Match the main ideas of each paragraph Paragraph 1. what happened to the camels Paragraph 2. the advantages of camels Paragraph 3. what I saw on the train Paragraph 4.the reason why the train is called the Ghan Paragraph 5. Introduction of my first experience on a train Paragraph 6.what I did on the train. 2. The central part of Australia can be described as . A. hot and dry B. warm and damp(潮湿) C. a place suitable for living D. a land for farming 3. The last paragraph mainly tells us . A. it was since the 1920s that the Afghans began to use camels B. people had no rights to kill the camels C. there were few camels left at that timeD. camels had been a very serious problem 4. On the whole, . A. the writer enjoyed his first ride on a long-distance train B. the writer showed no interest in the trip at all C. the writer didnt tell the readers anything about the trip D. the writer didnt want to travel at all 5. From the passage we can know . A. the scenery along the railway was unchangeable B. Australians used camels from Afghanistan for meant C. horses were better for traveling a long distance D. the conditions for transport were very hard for Australians in the past 6. The main idea of the passage is A. a train ride to Sydney B. taking the train to Australia C. traveling to the central part of AustraliaD.a child visiting her grandmother 7. Translate the following sentences (1) For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and other products. (2)In 1925, they passed a law which allowed people to shout the animals if they were a problem. 课文译文我的首次火车之旅我是爱丽丝汤普森。我来自澳大利亚的悉尼,今年18岁。近来我进行了首次远程火车之旅。真是太棒了! 我和一位朋友乘坐的是有名的阿富汗火车。我们在悉尼上车, 在澳大利亚中部的艾丽普林斯下车,行程四千多公里。整个旅程花费了我们两天两夜。坐火车很舒服而且车上的食物也很可口。我们吃的美味饭菜是烹饪大师们做的。在旅程开始的几百公里, 风景优美。有成片的田野,那里的土壤是深红色。接着是沙漠。艳阳高照,没有风而且晴空万里。可是接着,时空像是突然发生了转变。映入眼帘的是建造于一百多年前一些废弃的农庄。火车很舒服而且车上的人也都很友好。白天,我坐着看窗外,有时和别的旅客说说话。我看书, 听着汉语录音带(我在学校学汉语)。一天晚上, 大约是在半夜,差不多有整整一个小时我都在注视着夜晚的天空。星星像钻石一样眨着眼。为什么火车叫阿富汗号？很久以前,澳大利亚人到国家中部地区有很长一段路程。他们试着骑马,但那些马不喜欢炎热的天气和沙漠。一百五十年前, 他们从阿富汗带入了一些骆驼。是阿富汗的缩写。作长途旅行,骆驼比马匹强多了。多年来, 经过训练的骆驼驮运食物及其他用品, 返回时还带着羊毛和其他产品。直到二十世纪二十年代,阿富汗人和他们的骆驼还在做着这样的工作。那时政府建了一条新的铁路线,所以阿富汗人不再需要骆驼了。在1925年, 他们通过了法律,如果它们引发问题，允许人们射杀骆驼。在1935年,一个城镇的警察仅一天就射杀153头骆驼。课文知识点讲解及练习1. My first ride on the train. ride n. 骑马或乘车等旅行 v. rideroderidden give sb. a ride 让某人搭车 1) Lets go for a ride in a car. 2) Can I have/take a ride on your bike? 3) What a (wonderful) ride (it is) ! =How wonderful the ride is! ride a bicycle / horse / motorbike2. Recently I had my first ride on along-distance train. recently 常用于过去时或现在完成时1) He has been ill until recently. 2) The accident happened quite recently.3) I havent seen her recently. recent a. 近来的（不指未来） the recent period in Chinese history The way of life has changed greatly in recent years.3. We ate great meals cooked by experts! （过去分词短语做后置定语） 方面的专家 be expert in/at/on adj. be an expert on/in n. 比尔盖茨是个电脑高手。Bill Gates is an expert in computer.Have you finished the exercises givenby Ms Li? The boy standing there is my brother.1)Do you know the woman (who is) talking to Tom?2)Who are those people waiting outside?3)There were some children (who were) swimming in the river.4)I didnt talk to the man (who is) sitting next to me.5)The boy injured (=who was injured) in the accident was taken to hospital.6)Some of the people invited (=who was invited) to the party cant come.7)Most of the goods made (=which are made) in the factory are exported.8)The window broken in the storm has now been repaired. 9) Have you finished the exercises given by Mr. Li? 10)The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Mrs. Shen.例：1.我妈做的饭很好吃。 The food _ is very nice.2.我们住在去年建的楼里。 We live in a building _.3.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited4. For the first hundred kilometers of the journey, the scenery was very colorful. scenery un. （自然风景/景色） 1) Have you seen the scenery of the Alps? 2) The scenery is beautiful around here. scene cn.（某一特定环境呈现的）景色 （也指具体的/人活动的）情景/实况 1) The old man running after the dog made a very amusing scene. 2) There were distressing scenes when the earthquake occurred.5. Camels were much better than horses for travelling a long distance. 下列几种可用来修饰形容/副词的比较级 1) much, even, far, some, any, still, a lot, a little, a great deal 2) a head taller three years older 3) one more chair two more weeksIf there were no exams, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time6. supply v. 提供，供给supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb1)They supplied the homeless children with food and clothing.2) They supplied food and clothing to the homeless children.例：All the rooms are _ with electric light. A. supplied B. given C. offered D. burnt (99上海)7. The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s/1920s. (20世纪20年代) 在世纪年代（必须加the） in the 2000s/2000s 在21世纪 in the 1960s/1960s 在20世纪60年代在某人十几/二十几/三十几九十几岁in ones teens/twenties/thirtiesnineties例：当马克思五十几岁时，他发现研究俄国形势很重要。When Marx was in his fifties, he found it important to study the situation in Russia.It is not rare in _ that people in _ sixties are going to university for further education. A. 90s; the B. the 90s; / C. 90s; their D. the 90s; their8. Then the government built a new railway line, so they didnt need the camels any more.（不再） no more = not any more 表示动作不再重复出现，与短暂动词连用 no longer = not any longer 表示动作不再延续，和延续性动词连用 Ever since then, such accident has no more appeared. They will not talk with each other any longer.例：Excuse me, is this Mr. Browns office?Im sorry, but he _ work here _. He left about 3 weeks ago. A. not, now B. didnt, no more C. doesnt, any more D. doesnt, any longer9. allow/permit/forbid doing sth allow/permit/forbid sb to do sth Look at the following: Which is wrong?1) They dont allow smoking in the room.2) They dont allow people to smoke in the reading room.3) People are not allowed to smoke in.4) Smoking is not allowed in the room.5) They dont allow to smoke in the room.Grammar 1 1. Observation & Discussion Recall the sentences from My First Ride on a Train, and fill in the blanks with one proper word, then discuss the questions below._ camels carried food and other supplies.We saw _ farms which were more than a hundred years ago.We ate great meals _ by experts.Are these words past participles of verbs?What part of speech are these words used in the sentences above?What is difference between the first two and the third sentence as to the word order? Why is it like that?Trained ,abandoned ,cooked .The ed form used as attributivesThe -ed form used as attributives（-ed分词定语）-ed分词既可以作前置定语,也可以作后置定语。单个的过去分词作定语作前置定语。过去分词短语通常作后置定语。无论过去分词充当前置定语还是后置定语都相当于一个定语从句。A. 及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成意义。 如:a broken cup 一个破杯子a wounded soldier一名伤员B. 不及物动词的具有主动和完成意义。a grown woman一位成年妇女an escaped prisoner一名逃犯如:the color TV set produced last year =the color TV set that were produced last year去年生产的彩色电视机a letter written to me by my daughter =a letter that was written to me by my daughter 一封我女儿写给我的信C.还可表示无时间被动：只表被动的动作不表示过去的时间。如：e.g:The TVs made in China(=the TVs which/that are made in China) is popular with the people in Russia.D.表示与句中谓语动词相应的经常性的动作。如：如：He was then a professor respected (that was respected) by all the teachers and students of the college.当时他是一个受这所大学里全体师生尊敬的教授。3.个别单个的过去分词作前置定语或后置定语时,表达的含义不同。如：4.某些动词的过去分词已转化成了形容词，表示某人的内心感受，有时还可以修饰voiceexpression,look等名词，表示透过某人的声音和表情而显示出某人的内心感受。e.g: His amazed expression showed thatHe was amazed at the news.5.某些动词的过去分词在长期使用中的已转化成了形容词，没有被动和完成的意义，只表状态。如：well-informed, well-known,experienced, married, used, given,Concerned.e.g: The experienced teacher is respectedby all the students.6.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：（1）过去分词作定语表示被动且完成；而现在分词作定语表示主动或正在进行,动词不定时表示将来的动作。boiling water: 沸腾的水boiled water: 烧开过的水（白开水）falling leaves: 正在下落的叶子fallen leaves: 已经下落的叶子Do you have something important to do?（2）某些动词的现在分词表示“令人感到的”,过去分词表示 “感到的”，表示某人的内心感受。exciting:令人感到兴奋的excited: 感到兴奋的语法练习(一)1: We lived in the house A. told by an old woman2: We bought a camel B. written by Lu Xun.3: I saw a film C. abandoned by grandpa 5years ago.4: I ate an excellent meal D. trained by an Afghan man.5:I listened to a story E. directed by Steve Spielberg6:I read two books F. cooked by my brother.1. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. Known2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. formed D. having formed3. there was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excitement C. exciting D. excitedly4. Its wrong for the _ countries to control the world.A. development B. Developing C. developed D. develop5. I have collected the money _. A. needing B. Need C. to need D. needed6. The bridge _ next year will be very long.A. being built B. to be built C. built D. building7.The book can be used in _ countries. A. English-speaking B. English-spoken C. speaking-English D. spoken-English8. From his _ voice, I have to say that you are really_. A.disappointed; disappointed B. disappointing; disappointing C. disappointed; disappointing D. disappointing; disappointed9. This is the problem_ at the meeting yesterday. A. being discussed; B. having discussed C. to be discussed D. discussed10. The _ look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. A. surprised B. surprising C. excited D. ExcitingGrammar IIScanning readingFind the past tense time expressions:Recentlyalong time agoduring the dayA hundred and fifty years agoOne nightUntil the 1920sAt (about) midnightIn 1925Past Tense Time Expressions1. 常用的表示过去的时间状语有:recently, during the day, one night, a long time ago, until the 1920s, in 1925, for many years, just now, at that time, during his middle school years, then, last night/year/week /month, a week /month/ year ago , in the old days 2. 表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动作,常用一定的时间状语或频度状语, 如：I played football every week when I was young.I used to go shopping during weekdays.3. 在时间，条件，让步状语从句中，如果主从句都表过去将来，从句用一般过去时表将来，主句用过去将来时。He said he would tell the news to her if he saw her.语法练习(二)翻译句子1.上周末,简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。2.昨天晚上,她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。3.前几天, Robert 去北京出差了。4.过去玛丽一周来拜访我一次。文化角落 The Maglev-the Fastest Train in the WorldThe fastest train in the world，the Transrapid Maglev，runs between Shanghais Pudong Airport and Longyang Station in downtown Shanghai. Travelling at a speed of over 400 kilometres per hour，the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.Maglec means “magnetically levitated”. The Transrapid Maglev is the worlds first high-speed train using magnetic levitation technology. Magnetically levitated trains travel in a vacuum between two magnets. There are no rails and no noise. They travel very fast and they use less energy.On December 31,2002，Premier Zhu Rongji and the German chancellor attended the opening ceremony of the train to Pudong Airport.On November 12,2003，the Maglev reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track be tween Longyang Station and Pudong，a new world record speed for a train.New wordsmaglev n.& adj.磁力悬浮火车(的)magnetically adv.有磁力地, 有魅力地levitate v. (使)轻轻浮起, (使)飘浮空中magnet n. 磁体, 磁铁premier n.总理chancellor n. 长官, 大臣Do you want to know the fastest train in the world? Read the passage and answer the questions.1 What are the main differences between a magnetically levitated train and an ordinary train?2 What are the advantages of travelling on a Maglev train?课文译文世界上最快的火车，在磁浮列车，运行至上海浦东机场和上海市中心龙阳路站。时速超过每小时400公里，火车可以完成30公里车程在八分钟。maglec“磁悬浮”。磁悬浮列车磁悬浮列车是世界上第一个高速铁路采用磁悬浮技术。磁悬浮列车在真空中传播的两国之间的磁铁。有无轨和无噪音。它们运行得很快，而且使用更少的能源。2002年12月31日，朱镕基总理与德国总理出席了开幕典礼的火车到浦东机场。2003年11月12日，磁悬浮列车的时速达到了每小时501公里的轨道之间龙阳路站和浦东，一个新的世界记录速度的列车。课文解析1. The fastest train in the world , the Transrapid Maglev, runs between Shanghais Pudong Airport and Longyang Station in downtown Shanghai.世界上最快的列车，超速磁悬浮列车奔