仁爱版英语七年级下全部知识点总结_.doc

七年级下英语知识点总结Unit 5 Topic1短语总结1. 在学校大门口 at the school gate/在学校 at school2. 来学校 come to school/去学校 go to school3. 放学以后 after school4. 步行 on foot5. 骑自行车 ride a bike/ ride bikes/ by bike / on a bike6. 坐公交 by bus / take a bus7. 坐地铁 by subway / take the subway /by underground8. 坐飞机 by plane/ take the plane / on the plane9. 坐小汽车 by car / in a car/ take a car/ drive a car总结: by 介词1: by 后面直接加表示交通工具的名词，中间不用任何词修饰， 2:by +动词ing形式，表示通过某种方式People show love to their mothers by giving cards./You can be a good student by working hard.10. 坐轮船 by ship 11. 坐小船 by boat 12. 坐火车 by train / on the train13. 在平日 on weekdays14. 在周末 on the weekends / at weekends15. 起床 get up16. 睡觉 go to bed17. 早起 get up early18. 回家 go home/come back home19. 到家 get home总结：go (to) +地点 go后为副词home /there /here时省略toEg：go to Yunnan/go home20. 去动物园 go to the zoo21. 去公园 go to the park在上午/在下午/在中午 in the morning/in the afternoon/at noon22. 看电影 see a movie / film23. 看电视 watch TV24. 在晚上 in the evening / at night25. 做某人的家庭作业do ones ( my/ her/ his/ your/their)homework26. 知道,了解 know about / learn about27. 校园生活 school life28. 一个美国学生 an American studentMany/ a lot of= lots of 许多、大量many修饰可数名词复数、a lot of/lots of 即可修饰可数名词复数也可修饰不可数名词29. 在美国 in America / in the U.S.A.30. 许多学生 many students/ a lot of students/ lots of students31. 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have breakfast/ have lunch/have dinner32. 早饭/午饭/晚饭后 after breakfast/ lunch/ dinner33. 休息一会 have a short rest/ break34. 在某人的业余时间in ones ( my/ his/ her/ their)free time1、Play直接加表示球类运动的名词2、play+the+乐器34.打篮球 play basketball 35. 踢足球play soccer / football36. 弹钢琴 play the piano37. 弹吉他play the guitar38. 拉二胡 play erhu39. 去游泳 go swimming / go for a swim40. 去划船 go boating 41. 去钓鱼 go fishing42. 听音乐 listen to music43. 读书 read books/read a book44. 一周/月/年两次 twice a week/month/year（once一次）45. 一年四次 four times a year表示频率的短语：次数+单位）表示频率的词:always/uaually/veryoften/seldom/never对频率提问时用how often(意为“多久一次”)46. 很高兴和你他话nice talking to you47. 每天 every day48. 在七点半 at half past seven49. 一小会 for a short time50. 见朋友 meet friends重要句型1. I usually come to school by subway.同义句: I usually take the subway to school.对划线部分提问: How do you usually come to school?2. happy new year/merry Christmas 答语the same to you3. Its time for class.=Its time to have class. =Its time for having class.4. （Its time for sth= Its time to do sth 该干某事的时间了 have class 上课）5. What about you? =How about you?（How about /what about+Ving eg: How about/what about eating out?）6. The early bird catches the worm. (谚语) 笨鸟先飞8. Classes begin at eight. =Class begins at eight. 提问： What time does the class begin? / What time do the classes begin?9.look 的用法（1）做不及物动词look like /look after His mother looks very young（2）(感官动词) 看起来，后面加形容词作表语 Her dress looks very nice.（拓展：英语的语言习惯夸赞、称赞语的答语为thank you/thanks）10.over (形容词) School / Class is over. what time is school over？11.begin 现在分词: beginning 过去式: beganbegin to do sth , begin doing sthHe begins to write a letter. =He begins writing a letter.12.always 反义词 never13.本话题涉及的时态为一般现在时，句中常有频率副词(位于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后、实意动词之前)或表示频率的短语，如果主语为三单，动词用三单Unit5 Topic2(一) 重要单词： 1. borrow:指主语借入 borrow sth. from sb. e.g You can borrow this book from the library. May I borrow your eraser?lend: 指主语借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.e.g Can you lend your car to me? They often lend us their ball.2. keepkeep 和 borrow, lend 的意思一样,都是表示借的意思, 区别是borrow和lend是瞬间动词,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间, 后常跟上一段时间 e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.借进borrow 借出 lend 借多久 keep3. find和look forfind :找到,发现,强调结果 look for寻找,强调过程e.g Im looking for my shoese verywhere, but I can not find it.4. returnreturn :归还=give back return sth to sb=give sth back to sbe.g Please return this book to Steve=please give back this book to Steve.e.g He will return from America next month.5. on time: 准时,强调不早不迟到达 in time: 及时,强调在规定的时间以前到达e.g We must go to work on time. The students can get there in time.6. Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同) e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.7. also 与too两个都表是“也”的意思, also用在句中(be动词、情态动词、助动词之后、实意动词之前), too用在肯定句句末e.g Helen is also a student. I have long hair and she has long hair, too.8.see you soon的答语see you9.write a letter写信 write (a letter) to sb给某人写信write (a letter) back to sb给某人回信10. few/a few/little/alittle 用法的不同点few/a few修饰可数名词的复数形式，little/alittle 修饰不可数名词，few/little 表示几乎没有的意思，afew/alittle 表示一些的意思。a few books. a little money. Few people live here now. there is little milk l.11.talk to=talk with +sb 与.谈论 talk about +sth 谈论.(三)重要句型总结1. Whats in+地点 询问某处有什么？ e.g Whats in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?2. Here are some photos of his.名词Of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格-双重所有格e.g a friend of Sams 萨姆的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友3. love/like doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯 e.g She loves reading in bed. Love/like to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事 I love to go swimming today.4.woul you like to do.?=do you want to?你想/愿意做.吗？Eg would you like to play basketball?=Do you want to play basketball？（四）语法：现在进行时(1) . 现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作,可与now, at the moment等时间状语连用e.g Im reading a book now.(2). 现在进行时表示当前一段时间内一直进行的动作e.g Theyre working on a farm this week.(3). 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,到目前我们所学的这类动词有come,go,fly,returne.g They are flying to London this afternoon.We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.(4)现在进行时的构成: 现在进行时主要由be+doing构成肯定句:主语+be+doing+sth否定句:主语+be+not+doing+sth一般疑问句:Be+主语+doing+sth回答:Yes,主(代)+be /No,主(代)+be+not4特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+be+主语+doing?(5). 现在分词的构成：一般在动词末尾加-ingbuy-buying call-calling drink-drinking 以不发音字母e结尾的单词,去e加-ingcome-coming drive-drivinggive-giving末尾只有一个辅音字母,且这个辅音字母前面不是字母组合的词,要双写末尾辅音字母,再加-ingplan-planning swim-swimming stop-stopping sit-sitting以ie结尾的词,变ie为y,再加-ingdie-dying lie-lying考试中常考的现在进行时的应用 (1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打球。 (2)以look, listen ,Its .oclock ,开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。如： Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。 (3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝四、选择填空 1. Who _ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing 2. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class.A. have B. having C. is having D. are having.3. Look. Lucy is_ a new bike today. A. jumping B. running C. riding D taking4. The children _ football. A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a5. They _TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. cant watching C. dont watch D. dont watching6. Listen! She_ in the classroom. A. is singingB. sing C .to sing D. is sing7. _are you eating? Im eating _ meat.A. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,aUnit 5 Topic 3（二）重点短语1.on+星期名词 在星期几 2.outdoor activities 户外活动 3. play with sb 和某人玩耍 Play with sth玩弄某物4.swim in the swimming pool 在游泳池游泳 5.draw pictures 画画6. every Tuesday and Thursday 每周二和周四7.tell sb sth=tell sth to sb 把某事告诉某人 tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事8. schoolnewspaper 校报 9.and so on 等等10. learn sth from 从学到 11. hard work 辛勤工作12. thank sb for sth/ thank sb. for doing sth 因某事而感谢某人13. run on the playground 在操场跑步 14. play soccer at school 在学校踢足球（三）重点句型 1. What day is it today? Its Wednesday. What day ?常用来表示对星期几的提问。 注意：what date is it today? Whats the date? 是对日期的提问。 2. What class are they having? -They are having a music class. What class 用来询问“什么课程”, class与lesson同义。3. What time does the class begin? 什么时间开始上课？ -At ten oclock. begin“开始”同义词是start 反义词是finish或end.4. How many lessons does he have every weekday? 他每天上几节课？5. You must like English very much. 你一定非常喜欢英语。 must在这里表示肯定推测。6. -What do you think of it? -Sometimes its difficult and boring, so I dont like it very much. What do you think of? 相当于How do you like ? 意思是“你认为怎么样？”询问对方对某事或者某人的看法。7. Whats your favorite subject?你最喜欢的科目是什么？ What is ones favorite? = What does/do sb. like best? 某人最喜欢什么？8. -Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它？ -Because its easy and interesting.因为它简单而有趣。 回答Why?用Because 如果表示你为什么不?用 Why not? 或Why dont you?9. My teachers are very friendly to me. be friendly /kind to sb.意思是“对某人很友好”注意： friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”，而不是副词。10. let us go let sb do sth让某人做某事。11.have+a/an+科目+class 上.课 have an English class 上英语课12Sayin English 用英语说.Unit 6 Topic 1（一）重点短语：1. on the second floor 在第二层 （ The building has four floors. I am on the first floor.）2. go upstairs（ adv.）上楼； go downstairs 下楼 3. in front of 和in the front of 区别：加the的词组表示物体内部的前面 4. on the wall 在墙上(在墙体表面) in the wall（部分或全体在墙体里）5. on the tree （本来长在树上的叶子或果实） in the tree （并非树上固有的是外来的东西） 6. a model plane 模型飞机 7. play on the computer 玩电脑 （比较play computer games 玩电脑游戏）8 .in the center of: 在.中央 9 .next to 在隔壁,在旁边10. at the back of ; 在.后面(内部后面) 11. behind 在.后面(外部后面) 12 .on the left of在.左边 13. on the right of.在右边14So There are so many books on the shelf. 书架上有这么多好看的书啊。So many+可数名词复数 so much+不可数名词 这么多的15 .help sb (to)do sth/help sb with sth帮助某人做某事 eg Can you help me with my English?16 have a look 看一看 have a look at.看一看.（其后接宾语时用介词at）17 put away 把.收起来放好(宾语为it/them放中间，为名词时放中间和后面都可以)18 look after 照顾 照看There be 句型 1、定义： There be 结构主要用以表达 “某地/时有某人(某物)”。其基本句型为“There be + 某物或某人(主语) + 某地/时”。 2、be动词的选择： There be 结构中的谓语动词be（is / are）在人称和数上应与其后的主 语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is ；主语是复数时用are。多个主语并列时采用“就进原则”、 Eg:There（ ） some books，two pencils and a pen on the desk. Eg:There （ ）milk and eggs on the table .。 3、具体结构：(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 状语. E.g. There is a desk in the classroom. 在教室里有一张桌子。 (2) There are + 复数名词+ 状语. E.g. There are 5 apples in the box. 盒子里有五个苹果。 口诀：“有”字放前面，有“啥”放中间；时间地点放后面；单数is, 复数are；注意be的两变化。 4句型变化：(1)、否定句：there be的否定式通常在be后加not。 E.g. There is not a bike under the tree. 树下有一辆自行车。 (2)、一般疑问句及其答语： 1、一般疑问句：把be动词提前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。 2、回答时，“用什么问，就用什么答”，用Is / Are there来提问，就用there is / are 来回答。 肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isnt / arent. E.g. Are there two cats in the tree? Yes, there are. No, there arent. . ( 3)、特殊疑问句 There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用Whos+介词短语?；当主语是物时，用Whats + 介词短语?。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用Where is / are+主语?例如： There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语 5、some和any在“there be”句型中的用法： some 一些（some用于肯定句） any 一些（any用于否定句和一般疑问句） 注意：There be句型在变成否定句或一般疑问句时，要注意把句中的some变成any 6、“there be” 和“have”的区别 There be表示“存在有”强调存在 ；have（has）表示“所属有”强调所有。他们都翻译为“有”，但具体用法不相同， E.g.I have a book .我有一本书。 （注：书归我所有，我是书的主人。 所属有） There is a book on the desk .在桌子上有一本书。（注：书只是存在于桌子上，但书不属桌子所有。 存在有）二）单选2Look at the picture of my bedroom. There _ a ball and some shoes under the bed. A. are B. is C. have D. be3. _ there a pair of pants on the bed? No, but there is a coat. A. Do B. Does C. Is D. Are4. The house is behind the tree, so the tree is _ the house. A. in the front of B. in front of C. behind D. back5. There will _ a class meeting _ the morning of May 4th A. have, at B. have on C. be, at D. be, on 6. What _ on the desk? There are some flowers A. be B. am C. are D. is7. Im glad _ a letter from you. A. get B. getting C. to get D. gets8. Are there _flowers in your room? No, there arent. A. a B. some C. the D. any9. Jane is looking _ her little sister, because her mother isnt at home. A. at B. after C. for D. up三)句子1. There are many apples on the table.(改为一般疑问句) _ _ _ apples on the table?1. My bedroom is next to my study. (对划线部分进行提问) _ _ _ bedroom ?2. Why not go to the study? (同意句转换)_ _ _ go to the study?3. There are seven days in a week. （对划线部分提问）_?4. Whose bike is this? Its not _ (my). Its _ (Jack).5. There are five rooms on the _ (two) floor.6. My cousin is playing games on the playground. (对划线部分提问)_ is your cousin _ on the playground?Unit 6Topic 2（一）重点短语1. 在农村 in the country 在城市 in the city2.一套三居室的房子 house with three bedrooms 3. call sb. at +电话号码 ,拨打.与某人联系 4. a quiet double room under /for300yuan a month 一间安静的双人间，月租低于/300元6. rent sth. to sb. 把某物租给某人 rent sth. from sb. 从某人那租某物 7. on the street corner 在街角 8. keep money 存钱 9. 寄信 post letters 11. month 的复数 months 12 at the end of 在.的尽头 see a doctor 看医生13 community service center in our area 在我们这带的服务中心14. 靠近 close (adv.) to / near / next to (紧靠) 【反义词是 far from】Eg There are many shops and restaurants close to my home.15. right now=right away = at once 马上，立刻16. Childrens Day 儿童节 ； Teachers Day 教师节 ；Womens Day 妇女节17 a/each/every month/year/week 每月 /年/周18 on the street corner（二）重点句型：1 -Its an apartment building. 它是一栋公寓楼。2. They live in a big farmhouse in the country. 他们住在农村的农舍里。Live in+地点 住在.live with +人 和.住在一起3. There are no houses on the right. = There arent any houses.（no后可以加可数和不可数名词= not any后加不可数名词或者可数名词复数 / not a 后加可数名词单数）。4.The parking lot and the train station are not far from here 停车场和火车站离这不远。（near/close to 反义词far from）5. We can call it for help. (call sb for sth/ doing sth.) 我们可以打电话向它求救。6. Are there many peoplePeople 没有复数， 表示人们，做主语是be动词用are living near your home? 有许多人住在你家附近吗？（there be +sb/ sth.+doing sth表示某地有某人/物正在做什么）7.There is something wrong with my kitchen fan. （.出了毛病/问题）= Something is wrong with my kitchen fan. 我家厨房的排气扇坏了。 8. Many people are moving from cities to countryside. 许多人正从城市搬迁到农村。（move to ., move from .to .从.搬到、移动到.） 9. The traffictraffic 不可数名词，be动词用单数，交通量的大小用heavy/busy和little/ a little 修饰。 is heavy and the cost of living is high. 交通拥挤，生活开销高。 （cost 在这做名词，做动词时，主语是物，句型 sth. cost sb some money ） e.g. The rose costs me 10 yuan. 10. There are many houses with big yards in the country农村有许多带着大院子的房子。With带有 具有 many families with young children 许多有孩子的家庭 11. What kind of home do you live in? 你住在什么样的房子？ It is an apartment/a townhouse 12 It is very nice/kind of you你真好Uint 6Topic 3（一）重点短语1. turn left at the first street 在第二个街口向左转 = take the second street(turning) on the left along on the left/right 左/右前方2. go/walk across (prep.) the bridge = cross (v.)the bridge 过桥 3. across from 在.的对面 at the first/second crossing 在第一/二个十字路口4. on the road 在路上 on/ in the street 在街上5. on the corner of the street 在街角 （比较in the corner of 和on the corner of） 6. between.and .在和.之间 7. walk on 继续走 8 public phone 公用电话 9. at the traffic lights 在红绿灯处 10. No right/left turn 禁止右/左转 turn left/right 向左/右转 No parking 禁止停车 Go straight 直走 11. be in danger 处于危险之中 be carefull 小心12. get hurt 受伤（get 系动词，hurt 是形容词） 13. lose ones life 失去了某人的生命14. obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 15. a ticket for speeding/ drunk-driving/parking in the wrong place/ making a wrong turn 超速/酒后驾车/乱停车/转错弯罚单 16. make a wrong turn 转错弯17. keep quiet in class. 上课时要安静。 18 It is on your right/left 在你的右边/左边19 I live in Apartment 309,Building 8 （先说小地点再说大地点）我住在8号楼309公寓20 thank you/thanks thank you very much/thank a lot 谢谢You are welcome that is ok that is all right Not at all 不客气（二）重点句型1.-Excuse me, is there a bank near here? - Go up （Go along）this street to the end ,and you will find it on your left.一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或状态 构成：Will +动词原形-打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？-沿着这条街一直走到尽头，你就会发下银行在你左边。2. How can I get to the bookstore? = Could you tell me the way to the bookstore?= Could you tell me how to get to the bookstore? = Which is the way to the bookstore? 问路的句型get to 到达。到 the way to 去的路3. Its about five hundred meters确切的表示几百，hundred不用复数，但是在表示“成百上千”的时候用hundreds of ，这种用法thousand 也同样适用 along on the right. 顺着右边走大约500米就到了。4. Go along this road until you get to Beisihuan Road.沿着这条路一直走，直到你到达北四环路。（特指某个道路前面不加the，大写这条路的名字）5. You cant miss it. 你不会错过它的。（miss 除了表示错过，还可以表示“想念”e.g. She misses her mother. ）6. You need to take Bus No. 718, then you should change to the No. 108 bus at Liyuan Bridge.你需要乘坐718路车，然后你应该在安梨园桥换乘108路车。【注意：】（1）need to do sth, 需要去做某事 ; need sth / sb 需要某物，某人（2）should 在这是情态动词，后加动词原形。（3）change to 转乘。 change from A to B 从A变成B （change 作名词还可以表示“零钱”，不可数）（4）几路车有两种表示方法： Bus NO.718 或者th