凤凰国际英语托福独立写作强化提分PPT课件.ppt

LessonTwo 托福独立写作强化提分 今日内容 如何提升独立写作分数 1 开头段 其他引言段写作方法2 正文 其他论证结构3 活用素材4 语句润色5 观点创新6 限时写作与讲解 开头段 传统方法 背景 观点 常用词汇 事件 issue problem question热门 棘手 hot heated urgent burning pressing pervasive rampant争论 debate controversy argument dispute一致 同意 consensus引起注意 inthelimelight broughtintoattention focus concern带来问题 impose cause出现问题 loomup cropus面临问题 confront encounter facequestion紧急的 acute困扰 beplagued embarrassed upsetby见证 witness see惊人的 alarming startling surprising使恶化 worsen deteriorate讨厌的 undesirable广泛的 pervasive rampant prevalent存在 underway 常用句型 Withtherapid amazingdevelopmentof Accordingtorecentsurvey poll study therehaveoccurred Thereisaheated focuseddebateatpresentabouttheissueof Allreliableevidencejustifiesthefact viewthat isarampantissueintoday ssociety Recently nowadays atpresent thephenomenonof hasloomedupwidepublicconcern Thealarmabouttheissueof hascausedconsiderable generalattention Thequestionof hasbeeninthelimelight broughtintofocus Nowadays oursocietyiswitnessingmoreandmore 其他方法 论题 各方观点 观点是指在文章开头首先给出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法和观点 然后提出作者对此问题的态度 适用于有争议性的主题 语料 常用词汇 反对 object challenge认为 acknowledge accept maintain hold conceive争议 controversy辩论 contend容忍 让步 concede主张 setforth advocate endorse同意 consent招致反对 provokecriticism不可避免的 inevitable可行性 feasibility歪曲事实 slant distort退一步说 conceding假想 assumption适度的 适量的 moderate怀疑的 skeptic 套用句型 Thereismuchdiscussionastotheproblemof Thosewhoobjectto arguethat Butthosewhoadvocate ontheotherhand arguethat Thereisnoagreementamongpeopleastotheissueof Somepeoplesaythat Otherssaythat Astome Iamonthefirstsideoftheargument Thefollowingexamplescanprovemystandpoint Thereisapublicdebateastotheissueof Nowadays itiscommonlybelieved widelyheldthat butIdoubtwhetherNowadays itisgenerallyacknowledgedthat butIdoubtwhether Whenaskedabout thevastmajorityofpeoplesaythat Butotherpeopleregard as Whenfacedwith quiteafewpeopleclaimthat Butotherpeoplethink 套用句型 Whenitcomesto mostpeoplebelievethat butotherpeopleviewitas Thereisapubliccontroversynowadaysovertheissueof Thosewhoobjecttotheideaarguethat Butpeoplewhofavor arguethat Thereisaheateddebatetodayabouttheproblemof Inthefaceof somepeopletakethepositionthat towhichIcan tattachmyconsent Althoughpeoplearriveathecommonunderstandingof theirviewsareatoppositepoleswhentalkabouttheissueof seemstoprovokewidecriticismintoday ssociety Thevalueofthisformof isnowbeingquestionedby Thereisagrowingskepticismtoward 例子1 话题 经济应该缓慢发展还是迅速发展Nowadays thereismuchdiscussionaboutwhetherfasteconomicgrowthisdesirable Thosewhocriticizeeconomicgrowtharguethatwemustslowdown Theybelievethatsocietyisapproachingcertainlimitsongrowth Theseincludethefixedsupplyofnaturalresources andthepossiblenegativeeffectsofindustryonthenaturalenvironment Peoplewhowantmoreeconomicgrowth ontheotherhand arguethatevenatthepresentgrowthratetherearestillmanypoorpeople Personally Ithinkthesecondideawillholdwater 例子2 话题 社会成功标准Thereisnoagreementamongpeopleastothebestmeasureofacountry ssuccess Somepeoplefocusonricheconomywhileothersmaythinkitisthequalityoflifethathasnothingtodowithmoney Frommypointofview bothviewsgotoextremesandweneedafurtheranalysisontheirviews 开头段 观点 简单事例例子 Peoplearedrivenbypersonalsatisfactionormonetarygains Agreeordisagree Eventhoughweliveinacapitalistsociety Istillcannothelpbutbelieve despitemyowncynicism thatpeoplearemoremotivatedtoachievesomethingforpersonalsatisfactionratherthanmonetarygains LookatChekov sshortstory TheBet Amanagreestosacrificefifteenyearsofhislifeinprisoninexchangeforamilliondollars Obviouslyhismotivationforsuchanextremebetiswealth butbytheendoftheprisonsentence themancouldcarelessaboutthemoney Afteryearsofintrospection ofreadingShakespeare TheBible andtextbooks themanactuallycomestodespisethemoneyheoncesought themoneyhesignedawayfifteenyearsofhislifefor Hedoesnotcollecthismoneyfromthebanker herunsawaytobeonhisownandcontinuetolivethelifeofsolitudehehaslearnedtolove freeofmoneyandpossessions 正文 心理学理论 内因外因 我姐姐的例子 心理学理论 快乐理论 我邻居的例子 Anotherexample Somepeoplethinkthattruthisnotobjective butratherisdeterminedbyeachindividual Doyouagreeordisagree Greatconfidenceisoftenputintowhatpeopleseeorhear Inacourt ajudgewilllistentowitnessesandregardtheirwordsasevidence Isitpossiblethatwhatweseeandhear orwhatweregardasthe truth isnotobjective 正文 其他论证结构 正文 其他论证结构 引言 提出观点 正文一 论据1 结论 总结观点 正文二 论据2 正文三 让步 正文 其他论证结构 引言 提出观点 正文一 论据1 结论 总结观点 正文二 论据2 正文三 举例 句型Ofcourse thereisnodenyingthat Admittedly TakeXasatypicalexample 活用素材 Forexample GalileoChallengetheauthorityDiligencePersistenceEtc 语句润色 复杂句分词独立结构定语从句等等 亮点词汇资源 1 高频写作词汇2 高阶写作词汇3 亮点动词4 其他 论点创新 1 分类2 替代 分类法 宽泛 抽象细化 分类 2 1方法 增加 2 2目的 入题点 讨论内容 Somehigh Schoolgraduatesgototravelorworkforaperiodoftimebeforetheygotostudyinuniversities Whichonedoyouthinkisbetter andwhy 例题1 Somehigh Schoolgraduatesgototravelorworkforaperiodoftimebeforetheygotostudyinuniversities Whichonedoyouthinkisbetter andwhy 例题1 思路1 high schoolgraduates文科生 liberalartsstudents理科生 sciencestudents艺术类 artstudents gotowork1 liberalartsstudentslibraries newspaper reporter clerk bettergraspofhigh levellanguage2 sciencestudentscorporation laboratory businesstransaction applyatheorytoactualpractice3 artstudentsartgalleries museums getaclosecontactwithrealartisticvalue Somehigh Schoolgraduatesgototravelorworkforaperiodoftimebeforetheygotostudyinuniversities Whichonedoyouthinkisbetter andwhy 例题1 思路2 universitiesComprehensiveuniversityLanguageSchoolEngineeringschoolCollegeofarts Shouldacitytrytopreserveitsoldbuildingsordestroythemandreplacethemwithmodernbuildings Practice Shouldacitytrytopreserveitsoldbuildingsordestroythemandreplacethemwithmodernbuildings Practice Oldbuildings不该拆1 buildingsofhistoricvalues2 gorgeoushistoricbuildings3 specialethnicarchitecture要拆1 unsafe2 spoilthecityscape 1 buildingsofhistoricvaluescourtyardhouse hutong TheForbiddenCitypartofChinesetraditionalculturerevealstheconceptof thesyncretismofnatureandhuman 2 gorgeoushistoricbuildingsRussianstreetinDalianenjoythesplendidhouses goshopping travel3 buildingswithdistinctiveethnicflavorPotalaPalaceagrandpalacetoaccommodatePrincessWenchengrepresentsnationalunity Peoplerememberspecialgiftsorpresentsthattheyhavereceived Why Practice1 gifts presents1 birthday2 highscore3 Valentine sDay4 bribe 替代法 程度词 est only ban stop 3 1方法 推翻绝对化逻辑 3 2目的 2020 1 7 41 1 出绝对词2 翻绝对词3 出词 3 3步骤 找 推 找 替代 Somepeoplethinkflightwasthegreatestinventioninthe20thcenturyandithasthebiggestimpactonourlives Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree 例题1 Somepeoplethinkflightwasthegreatestinventioninthe20thcenturyandithasthebiggestimpactonourlives Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree 例题1 找替代computersinternetautomobilescellphones Somepeoplethinkstricterpunishmentfordrivingoffendersistheonlyeffectivewaytoimprovesafetyontheroads Doyouagreeordisagree 例题2 Somepeoplethinkstricterpunishmentfordrivingoffendersistheonlyeffectivewaytoimprovesafetyontheroads Doyouagreeordisagree 例题2 Othereffectiveways1 pedestrians cyclist2 policeman3 road beprofessionalanddedicated wide clearandsmooth keepthetrafficinorder donotjumpthestoplight Peopleshouldreadonlythosebooksthatareaboutrealevents realpeople andestablishedfacts 例题3 Peopleshouldreadonlythosebooksthatareaboutrealevents realpeople andestablishedfacts 例题3 notforreal1 sciencefictionenrichknowledgeabouttheuniverseandscienceintelligent knowledgeable2 romanticfiction sentimentalnovelfeellikeawarmflowsinsideapositivevisionofthefuture3 cartoons fairytalesstayyoung ifyoucarryyourchildhoodwithyou you llneverbecomeolder 4 horrorstoriessensestimulationexercisemyguts Playingagameisfunonlywhenyouwin Practice Playingagameisfunonlywhenyouwin Practice 1 losefailurecontributestosuccess1st learnwhatdoesnotwork2nd anopportunitytotryanewapproach 2 beonatieplayer noonegetshurtanddepressedspectator chancetoenjoymore3 gameitselfisfunmakefriendsandeaseourselvesfromstress Aperson schildhoodyears thetimefrombirthto12yearsofage arethemostimportantyearsofaperson slife Practice2 Aperson sch