eNSP：配置单区域OSPF网络.docx

eNSP实验：配置单区域的OSPF网络一、实验目的1、理解Route-id的意义2、掌握配置单区域的OSPF网络的方法3、理解OSPFhello-interval与dead-interval的意义二、实验拓扑三、实验步骤1、基本的配置与OSPF配置AR1：sysysnameAR1intGi 0/0/0ipadd192.168.12.130intloop 0ipadd1.1.1.132qospf1router-id1.1.1.1area0network192.168.12.00.0.0.3network1.1.1.10.0.0.0qqsaveAR1AR2：sysysnameAR2intGi 0/0/0ipadd192.168.12.230intGi 0/0/1ipadd192.168.23.130intloop 0ipadd2.2.2.232qospf1router-id2.2.2.2area0network192.168.12.00.0.0.3network192.168.23.00.0.0.3network1.1.1.10.0.0.0qqsave AR2AR3：sysysnameAR3intGi 0/0/0ipadd192.168.23.230intloop 0ipadd3.3.3.332qospf1router-id3.3.3.3area0network192.168.23.00.0.0.3network3.3.3.30.0.0.0qqsaveAR3说明：一台路由器如果要运行OSPF协议，必须存在RouterID。路由器的ID是一个32比特无符号整数，是一台路由器在自治系统中的唯一标识。路由器的ID可以手工配置，如果没有通过命令指定ID号，系统会从当前接口的IP地址中自动选取一个作为路由器的ID号。其选择顺序是：优先从Loopback地址中选择最大的IP地址作为路由器的ID号，如果没有配置Loopback接口，则在接口地址中选取最大的IP地址作为路由器的ID号。只有重新配置系统的RouterID或OSPF的RouterID，并且重新启动OSPF进程后，才会进行RouterID的重新选取。（在用户视图下用“resetospfprocess”来重启进程）2、查看ospf路由表AR1display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.12.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 AR2disp ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.12.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.23.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.23.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0AR2AR3display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 10 Routes : 10 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.23.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 3.3.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.12.0/30 OSPF 10 2 D 192.168.23.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.23.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0AR33、查看它们的邻居关系AR1display ospf peer OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.12.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)s neighbors/区域0e0/0/0接口从邻居接口收到的ID是2.2.2.2 Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.12.2 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1 DR: 192.168.12.1 BDR: 192.168.12.2 MTU: 0 Dead timer due in 40 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:09:07 Authentication Sequence: 0 AR2disp ospf peer OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.12.2(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)s neighbors/区域0e0/0/0接口从邻居接口收到的ID是1.1.1.1 Router ID: 1.1.1.1 Address: 192.168.12.1 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 1 DR: 192.168.12.1 BDR: 192.168.12.2 MTU: 0 Dead timer due in 36 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:10:45 Authentication Sequence: 0 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.23.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)s neighbors/区域0e0/0/1接口从邻居接口收到的ID是3.3.3.3 Router ID: 3.3.3.3 Address: 192.168.23.2 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Master Priority: 1 DR: 192.168.23.1 BDR: 192.168.23.2 MTU: 0 Dead timer due in 40 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:09:47 Authentication Sequence: 0 AR2AR3display ospf peer OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3 Neighbors Area 0.0.0.0 interface 192.168.23.2(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)s neighbors/区域0e0/0/0接口从邻居接口收到的ID是2.2.2.2 Router ID: 2.2.2.2 Address: 192.168.23.1 State: Full Mode:Nbr is Slave Priority: 1 DR: 192.168.23.1 BDR: 192.168.23.2 MTU: 0 Dead timer due in 37 sec Retrans timer interval: 5 Neighbor is up for 00:10:49 Authentication Sequence: 0 AR3备注：从上面它们的邻居可以看出各接口之间谁是DR(指定路由)与BDR(备份指定路由)。DR与BDR不是人为指定的，而是由本网段中所有的路由器共同选举出来的。路由器接口的DR优先级决定了该接口在选举DR、BDR时所具有的资格。选举中使用的“选票”就是Hello报文。每台路由器将自己选出的DR写入Hello报文中，发给网段上的其他路由器。当处于同一网段的两台路由器同时宣布自己是DR时，DR优先级高者胜出。如果优先级相等，则RouterID大者胜出。如果一台路由器的优先级为0，则它不会被选举为DR或BDR4、查看OSPFhello-interval与dead-intervalAR1display ospf interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Interfaces Interface: 192.168.12.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0) Cost: 1 State: BDR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.12.2 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.12.1 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 AR1AR2display ospf interface gi 0/0/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Interfaces Interface: 192.168.12.2 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0) Cost: 1 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.12.2 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.12.1 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 AR2display ospf interface gi 0/0/1 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Interfaces Interface: 192.168.23.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/1) Cost: 1 State: BDR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.23.2 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.23.1 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 AR2AR3disp ospf int gi 0/0/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3 Interfaces Interface: 192.168.23.2 (GigabitEthernet0/0/0) Cost: 1 State: DR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.23.2 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.23.1 Timers: Hello 10 , Dead 40 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 AR3说明：从上面的信息可以看出hello-interval缺省间隔为10秒与dead-interval缺省间隔为40秒（1）修改AR2上的e0/0/1接口的Hello时间间隔为20s，查看路由表AR2inter gi 0/0/1 AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1ospf timer hello 20 AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1display ospf interface gi 0/0/1 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 2.2.2.2 Interfaces Interface: 192.168.23.1 (GigabitEthernet0/0/1) Cost: 1 State: BDR Type: Broadcast MTU: 1500 Priority: 1 Designated Router: 192.168.23.2 Backup Designated Router: 192.168.23.1 Timers: Hello 20 , Dead 80 , Poll 120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1（2）重启AR2上与AR3相连的e0/0/1口，查看路由表AR2inter gi 0/0/1AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1shut AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1un shutAR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1 qAR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1dis ip routRoute Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib-Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 12 Routes : 12 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1 D 192.168.12.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 2.2.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 192.168.12.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.12.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0 192.168.23.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.23.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.23.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 192.168.23.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1说明：查看路由表AR2没有AR3的路由条目，只有与AR1的e0/0/0接口相连的口学到路由条目 AR3disp ip routingRoute Flag