河北省石家庄市2018届二模英语试题.docx

河北省石家庄2018届高三教学质量检测（二）英语试题ABest Science Books of 2017At its heart, science is about curiosity. So it stands to reason these books about science should make you examine your world more closely, and in doing so, give you a sense of wonder.BigChicken, byMarynMcKennaInvestigativejournalistMaryn McKenna usesthemodern industrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics(抗生素) transformed modern agriculturefor good and ill. She traces how animal antibiotics endanger human health, causingseriousproblemsfromantibiotic resistant stomachinfectionstoUTIs. Recognizing that Americansaregoingtocontinuetoeatchicken nomatterwhat, Mckernna suggests a way in which factory farming ridsitselfofitsdependenceon antibiotics. WhyTimeFlies, byAlanBurdickNewYorkerstaffwriterAlanBurdickexaminesthegreatestgifthumanityhasever known:time. Time, he writes, appears toexistintwodistinctforms. Oneisthestandardized, objective kind found in clocks and watches; the other isourinternal, biologicalsenseoftime, theonewemeasureinourcells, bodiesandminds. But the closer he looks, thelessclearer thisdistinctionappears. Paleoart, byZoeLescazeDinosaurshavelongcapturedtheimaginationsofscientistsandartistsalike, andPaleoart brings thosevisionstogetherinablendofhumanknowledgeandcreativity. Theseimagesnotonlyshowourchangingunderstandingofdinosaurs, butalsoreflectthe distinct artistic sensibilitiesoftheirtime. Bothartisticandeducational, thesepicturesare certainlyinfluential. WhatItsLiketoBeaDog, byGregoryBernsBerns, aneuroscientist, traineddogstositinamachineinordertolookintothebrainsof conscious dogs for the first time. Thatpioneeringworkinspiredhimtodigdeeperintotheminds ofotheranimals, from sea lions to theextinctthylacine(袋狼). Berns. says, “Withtheir abilitytothink, chooseandfeel, dogs and other animals do not deservethecrueltreatment humans so often do to them.”21. Whichbookhassomethingtodowithpublichealth?A. WhyTimeFlies. B. Paleoart. C. WhatItsLiketoBeaDog. D. BigChicken. 22. Whowritesabouttime?A. AlanBurdick. B. Zoe Lescaze. C. GregoryBerns. D. MarynMckenna. 23. WhatwasBerns pioneeringwork?A. Studyingextinctanimals. B. Observingdogbrains. C. Fightingforanimalrights. D. Trainingdogs. BI wasinthemiddleofasweetdreamwhenanoisestartledme. Bam!Bam!Itsoundedlike a hammer pounding on a tough nail. Bam!Bam!BAM!Whocouldbehammeringatthreein themorning?ItmustbeCharlieagain, makinganotherinvention. Justas Iwasputtingonmyslippersandclothes, thenoisechanged. Isatattheedgeof mybedandlistened. Tick!Tick!Tick!Itremindedmeofmyfirstwristwatch. Itsregularpace hadalwayshelpedmefallasleep. I starteddozingoff，dangerouslyleaningtotheleft, whenthetickingstopped. Itwasnow replaced by a buzz, similar to thenoisecomingfromabeehiveinmidsummer, onlylouder. I shivered. Im allergic to bees ! Even just tthinkingaboutitorhearingabee likesoundmakes meswell. “Thatsit!”I shouted, nowwideawake, “ Icant takeitanymore!” Imarchedtothe next apartment and knocked. My neighbor immediately opened the door. His curly brown hair was sticking up every which way. He wore baggy striped pants and a loose raspberry shirt.“Hi, there, Lucy! Whats up ?” he asked.I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know what time it is?”He grabbed my arm and glanced at my timepiece. “Oh, my! I didnt realize it was that late. Im busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠). Its almost finished. You want to see it?”I should have known. His last invention was supposed to annihilate bad smells, but it was powered by rotten eggs.24. What made the author sleepy again?A. The ticking sound. B. The coming of the bees.C. The smell of the rotten eggs. D. His neighbors silence.25. What was Charlie doing?A. He was inventing a wristwatch. B. He was working with the bees.C. He was making a new machine. D. He was fixing a broken clock.26. How did Charlie feel when he saw the author?A. Scared. B. Surprised. C. Annoyed. D. Disappointed.27. What doses the underlined word “annihilate” in the last paragraph mean?A. Make use of. B. Give off. C. Tell apart. D. Get rid of.CAftershoppingfordealsinstoreson“BlackFriday”, oronlineon “CyberMonday”, Americans and people worldwide arepreparingfornewlypopular “GivingTuesday”. Starting in2012, now the global event that is celebrated annuallyontheTuesdayafterThanksgivingisthe brainchildof92ndStreetY，a cultural center in New York City andtheUnitedNationsFoundation. Asthenameindicates, GivingTuesdayismeanttorestartthecharitableseasonand therefore observed by raising fundsforlocalnonprofitsandschools, organizingfoodand clothingdrives, and conducting random acts of kindness. In2015, 700,000peoplefrom71 countries came together to donate $116.7millionincash. Anadditional$1.08millionwas spentongifts. Whiletheeasiestwaytoparticipateisbydonatingtoyour favoritecharity, thisdaycan be celebrated in many other waystoo. Youcangivebackby volunteeringatyourlocalshelter orfoodbank, or even by donating blood. If all else fails, a purchase from the growing number of organizations that give a portion of their sales to charity will do the trick. Butperhapsthebestwaytocelebratethedayis thosenearestanddearestto you. Assist a family member with a simple chorelikefolding laundry, cookingdinner, oreven reading to a younger sibling. No matter what you do, be sure to share your good deed on social media and inspire others to celebrate Giving Tuesday as well!28. Which ofthefollowinghastheshortest history?A. GivingTuesday. B. BlackFriday. C. Thanksgiving Day. D. Cyber Monday.29. Whatsthemainpurposeof “GivingTuesday”?A. TomakeThanksgivingDayenjoyable. B. To encourage more people to do charities.C. Togetvoluntaryworkbetterknown. D. To persuade more people to shop online.30. Whydoestheauthoradvisesharinggooddeedsonsocial?A. Tokeeparecordofonesexperience. B. To help people make new friends.C. TomakeGivingTuesdaymorepopular. D. To donate money to local schools.31. WhichsectionofawebsitedoesthetextprobablycomeA. Lifestyle. B. Education. C. Culture. D. Business. DNospacecraftwilleverland onthesun. Thesunis aflaming ballofgasthatreachesthousands of degrees Fahrenheit. Butnextyear, ashipfromEarthwillflycloser toit thananyman-made crafthasflownbefore. The mission (任务)isabigdevelopmentforscientistsand, maybe, for everyoneelse. InSeptember2018, NASAplanstolaunchtheParkerSolarProbe. Afterajourneyof nearly90millionmiles, itwillflywithin3.8millionmilesofthesun. Withintwomonthsof launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns corona(日冕). Thatsthesunsouter atmosphereofgases. Gettingtherewont beeasy. Designingaspacecrafttoughenoughtoholduptothesuns heat has proved difficult. Butthathasntstoppedengineersfromtrying. Temperaturesinthe coronacanreachmillionsofdegrees. Theprobewilllimititselftoregionswherethingsgetno hotterthan2,500. Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. Buta4.5-inch-thickheat shield（罩）will protect the probes camera andscientificinstruments. NASAsaysthedatatheprobecollectscouldprovideknowledgeintothephysicsofstars. Our sun is special to us. Butasastar, itsrathercommon. Sothebetterweunderstandhowit works, the better we understand all stars of its massandcolor. Perhapsthemostimportantiswhattheprobemayshowusaboutsolarstorms.During solarstorms,charged particles streamthroughthesolarsystem.Theycandisablecommunications satellites and shut down power systemsOnestudyhasfoundthataveryintensesolarstorm couldcauseupto$2trillionindamageintheUSalone.It could also black outtheEastCoast forayear.Understandingsolarstormsmightallowustopredictthem ourselves.That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASAs great bargains.32.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprobe?A.Itsthefirstman-madeinstrumenttoflytothesun.B.Itllgettothecoreofthesuninnearlytwomonths.C.Itllflyabout3.8millionmilestoreachthe corona,D.Itllflyclosertothesunthanthepreviousones. 33. Whatisthechallengefortheengineers?A. Reducingthetemperatureoftheprobe. B. Building a shield against the heat.C. Limitingtheprobetoproperregions. D. Directing the probe to collect data.34. Whatmightbethebesttitle?A. Gettingclosetothesun. B. Designing a spaceship.C. Protectingtheearth, D. Exploring the start.35. Wheredoesthevalueofthemissionlie?A.Exploringsolarenergy. B. Developing scientific instruments.C. Forecastingsolarstorms. D. Monitoring satellites.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Adailymultivitaminmaygiveyourwell-beinganextrabenefit, butifyouveever swallowed one and felt sick right after, youknowitshardlyapleasantexperience. 36Youretakingvitaminsonanemptystomach. Vitaminsthataremoreacidinnature, likevitaminC, maycausenausea(恶心)iftheyre consumed on an empty stomach. VitaminsA, D, EandK, unlikesomeothers, maybebetter absorbed when not taken with food. 37Vitaminsarelikemedicinesinthattheycanactoneachotherandothermedicinesyoure taking. 38 Some research suggests thatmultivitaminscouldcausesideeffectswhentaken atthesametimeestrogen(雌激素)levels are raised.Theresalotofironinyourpill. Multivitaminsthatcontainalotofironorironsupplementsthemselvescancausenausea. This is especially true if youretakingthemoutsideofameal. Ironisinterestinginthatits bestabsorbedonanemptystomach, butitshardesttotakeonanemptystomachbecauseof the nausea. 39 It might decrease the absorption a little but its betterthannothing. AllergicReactionSideEffectsSincemultivitaminscontainsomanyvitaminsandminerals, allergicreactionsarecertainly possible. Mild allergic reactionscanincludeitchiness(痒)andafewhives(荨麻疹).40 Should you experience more advanced signs of an allergic reaction,such as trouble breathing, chest pain, widespread hives or a swollen facial region,visit the closest emergency room immediately.The label on your vitamins should provide directions for taking them Check the information before taking it to see what else you should know.A. Youre taking vitamins with other medicines.B. Below are a few reasons why they may be making you ill.C. Its important to discuss with an expert the timing of these vitamins.D. These stomach issues can be extremely disturbing.E. Its better to take it with food than trying to take it on an empty stomach.F. If you experience these side effects,stop use and contact your doctor.G. Please review the combinations to make sure there are no harmful interactions.第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45 分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项除黑。One of the greatest concerts I ever attended never took place at all.Not quite,anyway.Instead,a violent 41，which came pretty much out of nowhere on a summer night, left the Saratoga Performing Arts Center without electrical power. The 42 storm hit just minutes before the Philadelphia Orchestra (交响乐团) was about to take the 43 along with a guest soloist, the violinist Sarah Chang.Forty-five minutes later,the audience were still 44，hoping power would be restored and the 45 would get under way.Thats when Chang 46 onto the stage, alone except for her 47 and a couple of stagehands equipped with flashlights to 48 her and her music.The orchestra 49 backstage. But Chang began playing Fritz Kreislers Recitativo and Scherzo-Caprice. Maybe the rain was still pounding on the roof and 50 the grass. Maybe the thunder hadnt died away 51 by distance. Chances are, though, no one 52 that night could tell you there was anything at all in the air except the 53.The performance was 54, but it was delivered with both skill and gracea sort of “ 55” card for the audiences presence and patience.The applause was 56. then, several thousand music lovers 57 through pooling rainwater and 58 to their cars.Maybe the story ends right there.But the then-twenty-year-old musicians 59 for the people coming to hear her music says something about the essential relationship between artist and audience.Maybe Sarah Chang understood that when she offered her music as a 60 that night, without powered loudspeaker and in the near-darkness of a summer evening storm.41. A. earthquakeB. thunderstormC. fireD. flood42. A. unexpectedB. regularC. uncertainD. global43. A .actionB. troubleC. stageD. chance44. A. strugglingB. waitingC. gatheringD. shouting45. A. rainB. danceC. sunlightD. concert46. A. steppedB. jumpedC. heldD. climbed47. A. conductorB. violinC. bandD. piano48. A. broadcastB. circleC. lightD. admire49. A. occupiedB. hitC. workedD. remained50. A. cleaningB. irrigatingC. destroyingD. flooding51. A. yetB. everC. justD. either52. A. complainingB. performingC. listeningD. screaming53. A. lightningB. musicC. cheeringD. violinist54. A. successfulB. boringC. embarrassingD. brief55. A. never mindB. dont worryC. thank youD. all right56. A. enthusiasticB. frequentC. permanentD. weak57. A. traveledB. made their wayC. lookedD. lost their control58. A. downB. outC. backD. away59. A. analysisB. generosityC. toleranceD. respect60. A. giftB. reliefC. mercyD. trick第三部分 英语知识运用( 共两节, 满分45 分)第二节(共10 小题;每小题1. 5 分, 满分15 分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the west, 61 everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes 62 (place) on the table and everybody shares. If youre being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.While eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests 63(show)his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you dont like it, you can just say a police “thank you”, with the food 64(leave)there. But dont stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, its very impolite 65 the host and seniors who are present at the table. At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldnt turn the fish over by saying “ fan”, which is 66 Chinese word for “turn over”, which is considered bad luck for 67 (fisherman)and their boats. The 68(separate)of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true is South China.These tips above will be 69(extreme)useful when you visit China, an 70 (east)country with a long history.第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）第一节:短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/),并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词: 2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。When I was in high school,I wanted to get a scholarship to a university. I liked singing, so I try out for a scholarship for music. But I failed to get one. I was real upset. I felt like failure. I just kept feeling sorry for me.However, after a few day, I decided not to let one single loss to keep me from doing what I love But I cheered up and devoted myself to sing again.I think that accepting failure is that we need to do first before we success eventually.第二节 书面表达(满分25 分)假定你是李华，目前在美国你校的友好学校Wilson High School 学习交流，将于下周一回国。请通过电子邮件给该校校长Mr.Smith写一封感谢信。注意.1: 词数1