计算机网络课程设计-交换机、路由器配置

南通大学计算机科学与技术学院计算机网络课程设计报 告 书课 题 名 交换机、路由器配置 班 级_计 091_ 姓 名_ 学 号 指导教师 日 期 2012.1.5 2012.1.9 目录一 设计目的1二 设计内容1三 设计要求1四 实验拓扑2五 设计步骤3六 实验结果12七 设计小结与心得15一、 设计目的1.交换机VLAN划分实验（1） 了解VLAN原理；（2） 熟练掌握二层交换机VLAN的划分方法；（3） 了解如何验证VLAN的划分。2. 跨交换机相同VLAN间通讯（1）了解IEEE802.1q的实现方法，掌握跨二层交换机相同VLAN间通信的调试方法；（2）了解交换机接口的trunk模式和access模式；（3）了解交换机的tagged端口和untagged端口的区别。3. 路由器静态路由的配置（1）掌握静态态路由的配置方法；（2）理解静态路由的工作过程和使用环境4. 单区域OSPF基本配置（1）掌握单区域OSPF的配置（2）理解链路状态路由协议的工作过程（3）掌握实验环境中虚拟接口的配置二、 设计内容 1. 交换机VLAN划分实验2. 跨交换机相同VLAN间通讯3. 路由器静态路由的配置4. 单区域OSPF基本配置三、 设计要求1.交换机VLAN划分实验在交换机上划分两个基于端口的VLAN：VLAN100，VLAN200。VLAN 端口成员 10018200916使得VLAN100的成员能够互相访问，VLAN200的成员能够互相访问；VLAN100和VLAN200成员之间不能互相访问。PC1和PC2的网络设置为：设备IP地址Mask交换机A 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 PC1 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.0 PC2 192.168.1.102 255.255.255.0 PC1、PC2接在VLAN100的成员端口18上，两台PC互相可以ping通；PC1、PC2接在VLAN的成员端口916上，两台PC互相可以ping通；PC1接在VLAN100的成员端口18上，PC2接在VLAN200的成员端口916上，则互相ping不通。若实验结果和理论相符，则本实验完成。2. 跨交换机相同VLAN间通讯在交换机A和交换机B上分别划分两个基于端口的VLAN：VLAN100，VLAN200。1VLAN 端口成员 10018200916Trunk口24使得交换机之间VLAN100的成员能够互相访问，VLAN200的成员能够互相访问；VLAN100和VLAN200成员之间不能互相访问。PC1和PC2的网络设置为：设备IP地址Mask交换机A 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 交换机B192.168.1.12255.255.255.0PC1 192.168.1.101 255.255.255.0 PC2 192.168.1.102 255.255.255.0 PC1、PC2分别接在不同交换机VLAN100的成员端口18上，两台PC互相可以ping通；PC1、PC2分别接在不同交换机VLAN的成员端口916上，两台PC互相可以ping通；PC1和PC2接在不同VLAN的成员端口上则互相ping不通。若实验结果和理论相符，则本实验完成。3. 路由器静态路由的配置配置表Router-ARouter-BRouter-CS1/1(DCE)192.168.1.1S/1/0(DTE)192.168.1.2F0/0192.168.2.2F0/0192.168.0.1F0/0192.168.2.1E1/0192.168.3.14. 单区域OSPF基本配置ROUTER-AROUTER-BS1/1192.168.1.1/24S1/0192.168.1.2/24Loopback010.10.10.1/24Loopback010.10.11.1/24四、 实验拓扑1. 交换机VLAN划分实验2. 跨交换机相同VLAN间通讯23. 路由器静态路由的配置4. 单区域OSPF基本配置五、 设计步骤1. 交换机VLAN划分实验第一步：交换机恢复出厂设置switch#set default switch#write switch#reload 3第二步：给交换机设置IP地址即管理IP。switch#config switch(Config)#interface vlan 1 switch(Config-If-Vlan1)#ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0 switch(Config-If-Vlan1)#no shutdown switch(Config-If-Vlan1)#exit switch(Config)#exit 第三步：创建vlan100和vlan200。switch(Config)#switch(Config)#vlan 100switch(Config-Vlan100)#exitswitch(Config)#vlan 200switch(Config-Vlan200)#exitswitch(Config)#验证配置：switch#show vlanVLAN Name Type Media Ports- - - - -1 default Static ENET Ethernet0/0/1 Ethernet0/0/2 Ethernet0/0/3 Ethernet0/0/4 Ethernet0/0/5 Ethernet0/0/6 Ethernet0/0/7 Ethernet0/0/8 Ethernet0/0/9 Ethernet0/0/10 Ethernet0/0/11 Ethernet0/0/12 Ethernet0/0/13 Ethernet0/0/14 Ethernet0/0/15 Ethernet0/0/16 Ethernet0/0/17 Ethernet0/0/18 Ethernet0/0/19 Ethernet0/0/20 Ethernet0/0/21 Ethernet0/0/22 Ethernet0/0/23 Ethernet0/0/24100 VLAN0100 Static ENET ！已经创建了vlan100，vlan100中没有端口；200 VLAN0200 Static ENET ！已经创建了vlan200，vlan200中没有端口；第四步：给vlan100和vlan200添加端口。switch(Config)#vlan 100 ！进入vlan 100switch(Config-Vlan100)#switchport interface ethernet 0/0/1-8 ！给vlan100加入端口1-8Set the port Ethernet0/0/1 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/2 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/3 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/4 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/5 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/6 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/7 access vlan 100 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/8 access vlan 100 successfullyswitch(Config-Vlan100)#exitswitch(Config)#vlan 200 ！进入vlan 200switch(Config-Vlan200)#switchport interface ethernet 0/0/9-16！给vlan200加入端口9-16Set the port Ethernet0/0/9 access vlan 200 successfully4Set the port Ethernet0/0/10 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/11 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/12 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/13 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/14 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/15 access vlan 200 successfullySet the port Ethernet0/0/16 access vlan 200 successfullyswitch(Config-Vlan200)#exit验证配置：switch#show vlanVLAN Name Type Media Ports- - - - -1 default Static ENET Ethernet0/0/17 Ethernet0/0/18 Ethernet0/0/19 Ethernet0/0/20 Ethernet0/0/21 Ethernet0/0/22 Ethernet0/0/23 Ethernet0/0/24100 VLAN0100 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/1 Ethernet0/0/2 Ethernet0/0/3 Ethernet0/0/4 Ethernet0/0/5 Ethernet0/0/6 Ethernet0/0/7 Ethernet0/0/8200 VLAN0200 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/9 Ethernet0/0/10 Ethernet0/0/11 Ethernet0/0/12 Ethernet0/0/13 Ethernet0/0/14 Ethernet0/0/15 Ethernet0/0/16第五步：验证实验。PC1位置PC2位置动作结果1-8端口PC1 ping 192.168.1.11不通9-16端口PC1 ping 192.168.1.11不通17-24端口PC1 ping 192.168.1.11通1-8端口1-8端口PC1 ping PC2通1-8端口9-16端口PC1 ping PC2不通1-8端口17-24端口PC1 ping PC2不通2. 跨交换机相同VLAN间通讯第一步：交换机恢复出厂设置switch#set default switch#write switch#reload 第二步：给交换机设置标示符和管理IP。交换机A：switch(Config)#hostname switchAswitchA(Config)#interface vlan 1switchA(Config-If-Vlan1)#ip address 192.168.1.11 255.255.255.0switchA(Config-If-Vlan1)#no shutdownswitchA(Config-If-Vlan1)#exitswitchA(Config)#5交换机B：switch(Config)#hostname switchBswitchB(Config)#interface vlan 1switchB(Config-If-Vlan1)#ip address 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.0switchB(Config-If-Vlan1)#no shutdownswitchB(Config-If-Vlan1)#exitswitchB(Config)#第三步：在交换机中创建vlan100和vlan200，并添加端口。交换机A：switchA(Config)#vlan 100switchA(Config-Vlan100)#switchA(Config-Vlan100)#switchport interface ethernet 0/0/1-8switchA(Config-Vlan100)#exitswitchA(Config)#vlan 200switchA(Config-Vlan200)#switchport interface ethernet 0/0/9-16switchA(Config-Vlan200)#exitswitchA(Config)#验证配置：switchA#show vlanVLAN Name Type Media Ports- - - - -1 default Static ENET Ethernet0/0/17 Ethernet0/0/18 Ethernet0/0/19 Ethernet0/0/20 Ethernet0/0/21 Ethernet0/0/22 Ethernet0/0/23 Ethernet0/0/24100 VLAN0100 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/1 Ethernet0/0/2 Ethernet0/0/3 Ethernet0/0/4 Ethernet0/0/5 Ethernet0/0/6 Ethernet0/0/7 Ethernet0/0/8200 VLAN0200 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/9 Ethernet0/0/10 Ethernet0/0/11 Ethernet0/0/12 Ethernet0/0/13 Ethernet0/0/14 Ethernet0/0/15 Ethernet0/0/16switchA#交换机B：配置与交换机A一样。第四步：设置交换机trunk端口交换机A：switchA(Config)#interface ethernet 0/0/24switchA(Config-Ethernet0/0/24)#switchport mode trunkSet the port Ethernet0/0/24 mode TRUNK successfullyswitchA(Config-Ethernet0/0/24)#switchport trunk allowed vlan allset the port Ethernet0/0/24 allowed vlan successfullyswitchA(Config-Ethernet0/0/24)#exitswitchA(Config)#6验证配置：switchA#show vlanVLAN Name Type Media Ports- - - - -1 default Static ENET Ethernet0/0/17 Ethernet0/0/18 Ethernet0/0/19 Ethernet0/0/20 Ethernet0/0/21 Ethernet0/0/22 Ethernet0/0/23 Ethernet0/0/24(T)100 VLAN0100 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/1 Ethernet0/0/2 Ethernet0/0/3 Ethernet0/0/4 Ethernet0/0/5 Ethernet0/0/6 Ethernet0/0/7 Ethernet0/0/8 Ethernet0/0/24(T)200 VLAN0200 Static ENET Ethernet0/0/9 Ethernet0/0/10 Ethernet0/0/11 Ethernet0/0/12 Ethernet0/0/13 Ethernet0/0/14 Ethernet0/0/15 Ethernet0/0/16 Ethernet0/0/24(T)switchA#24口已经出现在vlan1、vlan100和vlan200中，并且24口不是一个普通端口，是tagged端口。交换机B：配置同交换机A第五步：验证实验。交换机Aping交换机B：switchA#ping 192.168.1.12Type c to abort.Sending 5 56-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.12, timeout is 2 seconds.!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/1/1 msswitchA#表明交换机之前的trunk链路已经成功建立。按下表验证，PC1插在交换机A上，PC2插在交换机B上：PC1位置PC2位置动作结果1-8端口PC1 ping 交换机B不通9-16端口PC1 ping交换机B不通17-24端口PC1 ping交换机B通1-8端口1-8端口PC1 ping PC2通1-8端口9-16端口PC1 ping PC2不通3.路由器静态路由的配置第一步：参照实验三，按照上表配置所有接口的IP地址，保证所有接口全部是up状态，测试连通性第二步：查看ROUTER-A的路由表Router-A#show ip route7Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0！直连的路由C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1！直连的路由第三步：查看ROUTER-B的路由表Router-B#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0第四步：查看ROUTER-C的路由表Router-B#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0第五步：在ROUTER-A上PING 路由器CRouter-A#ping 192.168.2.2PING 192.168.2.2 (192.168.2.2): 56 data bytes.- 192.168.2.2 ping statistics -5 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss！不通第六步：在路由器A上配置并查看路由表Router-A_config#ip router 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2！配置192.168.2.0 的路由Router-A_config#ip router 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2！配置192.168.3.0 的路由Router-A#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP type8VRF ID: 0S 192.168.2.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.1.2S 192.168.3.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.1.2C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1注意到出现刚才配置的静态路由。第七步：在路由器B上配置并查看路由表Router-B_config#ip router 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1Router-B_config#ip router 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.2Router-B#2004-1-1 00:15:58 Configured from console 0 by DEFAULTRouter-B#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0S 192.168.0.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.1.1S 192.168.3.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.2.2C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0第八步：在路由器C上配置并查看路由表Router-C_config# ip router 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1Router-C_config# ip router 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1Router-C_config_rip#ZRouter-C#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2S 192.168.0.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.2.1S 192.168.1.0/24 1,0 via 192.168.2.1C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet1/04. 单区域OSPF基本配置第一步：路由器环回接口的配置（其他接口配置请参见实验三）路由器A：Router-A_config#interface loopback0Router-A_config_l0#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0路由器B：Router-B#configRouter-B_config#interface loopback0Router-B_config_l0#ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0第二步：验证接口配置Router-B#sh interface loopback0Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is Loopback Interface address is 10.10.11.1/24 MTU 1514 bytes, BW 8000000 kbit, DLY 500 usec9 Encapsulation LOOPBACK第三步：路由器的OSPF配置A的配置：Router-A_config#router ospf 2！启动OSPF进程，进程号为2Router-A_config_ospf_1#network 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.0 area 0！注意要写掩码和区域号Router-A_config_ospf_1#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0B的配置：Router-B_config#router ospf 1Router-B_config_ospf_1#network 10.10.11.0 255.255.255.0 area 0Router-B_config_ospf_1#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0第四步：查看路由表路由器A：Router-A#sh ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0C 10.10.10.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0O 10.10.11.1/32 110,1600 via 192.168.1.2(on Serial1/1)！注意到环回接口产生的是主机路由C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1路由器B：Router-B#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected D - DEIGRP, DEX - external DEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2 DHCP - DHCP typeVRF ID: 0O 10.10.10.1/32 110,1601 via 192.168.1.1(on Serial1/0)！注意管理距离为110C 10.10.11.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0第五步：其他验证命令Router-B#sh ip ospf 1！显示该OSPF进程的信息OSPF process: 1, Router ID: 192.168.2.1Distance: intra-area 110, inter-area 110, external 150 SPF schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secsSPFTV:11(1), TOs:24, SCHDs:27All Rtrs support Demand-Circuit.Number of areas is 1 AREA: 0 Number of interface in this area is 2(UP: 3) Area authentication type: None All Rtrs in this area support Demand-Circuit.10Router-A#show ip ospf interace！显示OSPF接口状态和类型Serial1/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 192.168.1.1/24 Nettype: Point-to-Point OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1600, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is IPOINT_TO_POINT Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor 192.168.1.2Loopback0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address: 10.10.10.1/24 Nettype: Broadcast ！环回接口的网络类型默认为广播 OSPF process is 2, AREA: 0, Router ID: 192.168.1.1 Cost: 1, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, Priority 1 Hello interval is 10, Dead timer is 40, Retransmit is 5 OSPF INTF State is ILOOPBACK Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count