NATTI道德题+规范样本.doc

怎样获得Ethics高分考试时间： 30分钟 （平均每题应掌握在10-15分钟） 答题三个步骤：看题、找出相应的principal、富有逻辑地表达 考试内容： 3道问题目中选取2道来回答； 建议： 用英文回答，这样principle不会错； 每一道题目答案控制在100-150字左右，不要超过字数 评分标准：目前多数考生在10分中的得分为7-7.5分评分规则e.g. 如果题目中包含一个Principle的计分方法 指出1个principle 得2.5分 解释一般得3分 条理清晰得4分 清晰完美得4.5分 几乎不可能拿到5分 e.g. 如果是两个principle 指出一个得1分，两个得2分，如果只提到1个会不及格 在全指出的前提下，完整清晰地解释清楚得4分。 备注：本材料中提供的道德题答题规范基本涵盖了考试的范围，可以适时套用。 道德题答题规范范围（Question 7-22）， 真题只提供简单需要自行参照完善。Ethics Question FormatSituation 1 straightforward and involves only one principle This question involves the principle of confidentiality. According to code of ethics of AUSIT under this item, the translator should not disclose any information in the translation to the third party without the permission of client. So in this case, I will .Situation 2 involving more than one principle in the code of ethics and these principles are clear to you, you can put these principles together at beginning and then make analysisThis question involves impartiality and accuracy. According to the code of ethics of AUSIT under these items, the translator should remain impartial and translate the document precisely and accurately without changing, adding or omitting anything in the source text. So I willSituation 3. involves more than one principle and requires analysis step, you can mention the first principle and begin the discussion. You can mention other principle(s) as you continue your discussion, e.g.:According to the code of ethics under this item of impartiality, the translator should disclose any conflict of interest that he/she may have in translation. So I will disclose to the client the relevant conflict of interest. But at the same time I will tell him/her that I will remain impartial, keep all information in confidence and translate the document accurately according to the principles of confidence and accuracy specified by AUSIT in the code of Ethics. if I have to withdraw from the task, I will also tell the client that I will abide the principle of confidentiality and do not disclose any information Code of ethics Code of practice 1. Professional Conducta. Standards of Conduct or Decorumi. Interpreters and translators shall be polite and courteous at all times.ii. Interpreters and translators shall explain their role to those unaccustomed to working with them. iii.Interpreters and translators shall be unobtrusive, but firm and dignified at all times.iv. It is responsibility of the interpreters and translators to ensure that the conditions under which they work facilitate, rather than hinder the communication.v. Interpreters and translators shall encourage speakers to address each other directly. b. Honest, Integrity and Dignityi.Interpreters and translators shall not allow personal or other interests to prejudice or influence their work.ii.Interpreters and translators shall not solicit or accept gratuities or other benefits.iii.Interpreters and translators shall not exercise power or influence over their clients.vi.Interpreters and translators shall maintain their integrity and independence at all times.v.Interpreters and translators shall frankly disclose any possible conflict of interest.职业道德工作准则1专业品行口译与笔译工作者应在任何时候都按照与全国口译与笔译工作者专业协会(AUSIT)目标相符的行为与礼貌标准行事.a)品行与举止标准i)口译与笔译工作者在任何时候都应该有礼貌,客气.ii)口译与笔译工作者应该向那些对与他们在一起工作还不熟悉的人解释他们的作用iii)口译与笔译工作者在任何时候都应该不莽撞,但要坚定而有尊严b)诚实,正直和尊严i)口译与笔译工作者不应该不应该允许个人或则其他利益使他们在工作中带有偏见或影响他们的工作ii)口译与笔译工作者不应该索要或接受小费或其他好处(参考第6条,biii)iii)口译与笔译工作者不应该向他们的客户施加影响iv) 口译与笔译工作者在任何时候都应该保持他们的正直和独立性v)口译与笔译工作者应该坦率地披露任何可能的利益冲突c. Reliability i. Interpreters and translators shall adhere to appointment times and deadlines, or in emergencies advise the clients promptly.ii. Interpreters and translators shall undertake appropriate preparations for all translating or interpreting (T&I) assignments.ii.Interpreters and translators shall complete the interpreting or translating assignments they have accepted.d. Infamous Conducti. Interpreters and translators shall refrain from behavior which their colleagues would reasonably regard as unprofessional or dishonorable.e. Disputesi. Interpreters and translators shall try to resolve any disputes with their interpreting and translating colleagues in a cooperative, constructive, professional manner.ii. Interpreters and translators shall refer any unresolved dispute with other AUSIT member to the Executive Committee of their professional association and the conclusive direction of the Executive Committee shall be binding on members with the provision of appeal or review in the interests of natural justice.c)可靠性i)口译与笔译工作者应该遵守约定的时间和最后期限,否则,应立即通知客户ii)口译与笔译工作者应该对所有的口译与笔译工作者做适当的准备iii)口译与笔译工作者应该完成他们所接受的口译与笔译的任务d)不名誉行为i)口译与笔译工作者应该避免有可能被他们的同事认为是不专业或不名誉的行为e）争端i) 口译与笔译工作者应该尽量以合作性,建设性和专业性的方式与他们的口译与笔译同行解决任何争端ii) 口译与笔译工作者应该将任何与口译和笔译协会其他成员之间未解决的纠纷提交到他们专业协会的执行委员会,并且该执行委员会的结论性指令应该对所有成员具有约束力,成员本着寻求公正的原则可以上诉或申请复议.2. Confidentialitya. Information Sharingi.Information shared in the interpreting and translating assignments is strictly confidential.ii. Disclosure of the assignment may be permissible with clients agreement, or when disclosure is mandated by law.iii. Where teamwork is required, and with the clients permission, it may be necessary to brief other interpreters and translators who are members of the team involved in the assignment. In such circumstance, the ethical obligation for confidentiality extends to all members of the team and/or agency.iv.Information gained by interpreters and translators from consultations between the clients and their legal representatives is protected under the common law rule of their legal professional privilege.v. Interpreters and translators shall not sub-contract work to interpreting and translating colleagues without permission from their client.vi Translated documents at all times remain the property of the client, and shall not be shown or released to a third party without the express permission of the client, or by order of a court of law.2. 保密口译与笔译工作者不应泄露任何他们在相关工作中获取的信息a)信息分享i)在口译和笔译过程中的到的信息应该严格保密ii)在客户同意时或法律要求下可以披露信息iii)如果翻译任务须团队完成,并且是在客户同意的情况下,可能需要向参与翻译工作的团队其他成员简要介绍情况.在此情况下,保密的道德义务适用于翻译团队伍和/或翻译代理的所有成员iv) 按照有关合法职业权利的法律规定, 口译与笔译工作者在与客户及客户的合法代表沟通中取得的信息应该受到保护v) 口译与笔译工作者在未征得客户同意的情况下不应该将翻译工作转包给自己的同事来做vi )翻译文件在任何时候都是属于客户的财产,如果没有客户的同意或法庭的命令,不应该被出示或泄露给第三方3. Competence a. Qualifications and Accreditationi. Interpreters and translators shall accept only the interpreting or translation assignment which they are competent to perform.ii. Acceptance of an interpreting and translation is an implicit declaration of an interpreters or translators competence and constitutes a contract (oral or written).iii. Interpreters and translators shall clearly specify to their clients the NAATI level and direction in the languages for which they are accredited or recognized.iv. If required by the clients, interpreters or translators shall explain the difference between NAATI “Accreditation” or “Recognition”b. Level of Expertise i. In the course of an assignment, if it becomes apparent to interpreters and translators that expertise beyond their competence is required, they shall inform the clients immediately and offer to withdraw from the assignment.ii. It is the responsibility of interpreters and translators to ensure that the conditions under which their work facilitate rather than hinder communication.c. Prior PreparationInterpreter and translator shall ascertain beforehand what will be required of them in a projected assignment, and then make the necessary preparation.d. Second Opinions and Reviews.Any alternations made to interpreting and translation work, as a result of a second opinion and /or review by other interpreters or translators, shall be agreed upon by consultation between the interpreters or translators concerned. 3. 胜任工作口译与笔译工作者应该只从事他们能够胜任的翻译工作,并且是在被NAATI “鉴定合格”或 “认可”的范围内a) 资格和认证i) 口译与笔译工作者应该只接受他们能够胜任的口译和笔译工作ii) 接受一项口译和笔译任务,就是表明口译或笔译工作者能够胜任该工作,并且构成了一个合同(口头或书面)iii)口译与笔译工作者应该向他们的客户清楚地说明他们被鉴定合格或认可的NAATI等级及语种方向iv) 如果客户有要求, 口译与笔译工作者应该解释NAATI “鉴定合格”和 “认可”的区别b) 专业水平i) 在翻译过程中,如果口译与笔译工作者明显感到该工作超过了他们的能力范围,他们应该立即通知客户并提出退出该项工作ii) 口译与笔译工作者有责任保证工作条件有利于而不是妨碍沟通c) 提前准备口译与笔译工作者应该提前弄清将要承担的翻译任务对他们有哪些要求,然后做必要的准备d) 不同意见和审校由于其他口译与笔译工作者的不同意见和/或审校,需要对口译或笔译翻译工作进行修改时,应该在相关的口译与笔译工作者之间达成一致4. Impartialitya. Conflicts of Interesti. Interpreters and translators shall not recommend to clients any business, agency, process, substance or material matters in which they have a personal or financial interest, without fully disclosing this interest to the clients. ii. Interpreters and translators shall frankly disclose all the conflicts of interest, including the assignments for relatives or friends, and those affecting their employers.iii. Interpreters and translators shall not accept, or shall withdraw from the assignments in which their impartiality may be difficult to maintain because of personal beliefs or circumstancesb. Objectivityi. A professional detachment is required for interpreting and translation assignment in all situations.ii. If the objectivity is threatened, interpreters and translators shall withdraw from the assignment.c. Responsibility related to Impartialityi. Interpreter and translators are not responsible for what client said or write.ii. Interpreter and translators shall not voice or write an opinion, solicited or unsolicited on any matter or person in relation to an assignment.Iii. If approached independently by separate parties to the same legal dispute, an interpreter and translator shall notify all parties and give the first party opportunity to claim exclusive right to the requested interpreting or translation service. 4. 公正口译与笔译工作者应该在所有专业工作中遵守公正,无偏见的原则a) 利益冲突i) 口译与笔译工作者不应该向客户推荐任何他们在其中 拥有个人或经济利益的生意,机构,程序,物质或重大事项,除非他们向客户完全披露了这些利益ii)口译与笔译工作者应该坦率地披露所有利益冲突,包括为亲戚,朋友做的翻译工作和影响到他们雇主的翻译工作iii)口译与笔译工作者不应该接受,或应该退出那些由于个人信仰或情况而难以保证公正无偏见的工作b) 客观性i) 在任何情况下,做口译与笔译工作者要求专业独立性ii)如果口译与笔译工作者的客观性受到威胁,他们应该退出工作c) 与公正有关的责任i) 口译与笔译工作者不对客户所说或所写的东西负责ii) 无论有没有被要求, 口译与笔译工作者不应该对与翻译任务有关的人和事发表口头或书面意见iii)如果同一法律纠纷的各方分别邀请口译与笔译工作者为他们服务, 口译与笔译工作者应为最先提出请求的一方服务,并通知有关各方5. Accuracy a. Truth and Completenessi.In order to ensure the same access to all that is said by all parties involved in a meeting the interpreters shall relay accurately and completely everything that is said.ii. Interpreters shall convey the whole message, including derogatory or vulgar remarks, as well as no-verbal clues.iii.If patent untruths are uttered or written, interpreters and translators shall convey these accurately as presented.iv.Interpreters and translators shall not alter, make additions to, or omit anything from their assignment work.b. Uncertainties in Transmission and Comprehension i. Interpreters and translators shall acknowledge and promptly rectify the interpreting and translation mistakes.ii. If anything is unclear, interpreters and translators shall ask for repetition, rephrasing or explanation.iii.If recall or interpreting are being overtaxed, interpreters shall ask the speakers to pause, then signal to continue.c. Clear Transmissioni. Interpreters shall ensure that speech is clearly heard and understood by everyone present.ii. A short general conversation with client prior to an assignment may be necessary to ensure interpreter and clients clearly understand each others speech.iii. In a law court, simultaneous interpreting for clients shall be whispered d. Certification Translators shall provide the certification, if required by their client, that their translation is true and accurate so far as they know. Certification shall include the translators name, details of NAATI accreditation / recognition, language and language directions, and be signed and dated.5. 准确口译与笔译工作者应尽全部所能保证翻译的准确性a) 忠实与完整iii) 如果客户所说或所写明显的不真实, 口译与笔译工作者应该准确地按照所说或所写的翻译iv) 口译与笔译工作者不应该更改,添加或则省略翻译工作中的任何内容b) 传递与理解中的不确定i) 口译与笔译工作者应该承认并及时纠正他们的口译或笔译的错误ii) 如果有任何地方不清楚, 口译与笔译工作者应该请求对方重复,换一种说法或给予解释d) 资格证明如果客户有要求,笔译者应该出示资格证明,以证明在他们知道的范围内,他们的翻译是真实真确的.资格证明应该注明笔译者的姓名,NAATI认证或承认的细节,语种和语言方向,还应当有签名,注有日期.6. Employmenta. Freelance or Agency-employed Practitionersi.Interpreters and translators may work in interpreting and translation assignments as independent (freelance) professionals, or under contract to a commercial or government agency.ii. In both instances, freelance and employed interpreters and translators shall abide by the AUSIT Code of Ethics.iii.If this Code of Ethics and an employing agencys directions of are in conflict, interpreters and translators shall abide by the code of ethics and , if necessary withdraw from the assignment.b. Fee and Payment in Kindi. Members are free to set their own rates and conditions, AUSIT may provide information on ranges of rates charged by members.ii. Interpreters and translators shall not accept for personal gain any fees, favors, commissions or the like from any person, firm, corporation, or government agency, including another interpreter and translator, in connection with recommending to a client any person, business agency, substance, material matters, process and service.iii.In general, gifts and tips in addition to the agreed fee should not be accepted. However, some discretionary latitude may be exercised in acceptance a gift as a token of gratitude, as this is obligatory in certain client culture.c. Accountability i. Interpreters and translators shall be responsible for any services to or on behalf of the clients by assistants or sub-contractors employed by the interpreters or translators.ii. Interpreters and translators in the employment of another practitioner or interpreting and translation agency shall exercise the same diligence as in all profession contexts in the performance of their duties. 6. 就业口译与笔译工作者,无论是作为自由职业者,还是受雇于各种翻译代理和其他雇主,都应该对他们的工作质量负责a) 自由职业者和受翻译代理雇佣iii) 如果口译与笔译工作者的职业道德守则与某一雇主机构的指令有冲突, 口译与笔译工作者应该遵守职业道德守则,并且,如有需要,应该退出该工作b) 收费及收取实物作为费用i) AUSIT成员可以自由定出自己的价格和条件.AUSIT可以就收费标准范围为成员提供信息ii) 当向某客户推荐任何人,商业机构,物质或重大事项,程序或服务时, 口译与笔译工作者不能为了个人利益,向任何个人,企业,公司或政府机构收取任何费用,好处,回扣之类的好处.iii) 一般来说,除双方约定的费用外,不应该收取礼物和小费.但是在某些客户的文化背景里,礼物是表达谢意的象征时,这时可以自行决定.c) 负责任i) 口译与笔译工作者必须对自己所雇佣的助手或转包译员向客户提供或代表客户的任何服务责任.ii) 受雇于其他口译与笔译同行或口译与笔译代理的口译与笔译工作者,在履行自己的职责当中,应该像所在的专业翻译中一样尽力7. Professional Development a. Maintaining Skilli.Interpreters and translators shall constantly review and re-evaluate their work performance to maintain acceptable standards.ii. Practicing Interpreters and translators are expected to maintain and enhance their language skills by pursuing further relevant study and experience.iii.Interpreters and translators shall maintain close familiarity with the languages and cultures for which they offer professional interpreting and translation expertise.b. Training and Practicei. Interpreters and translators shall continually endeavor to improve their interpreting and translating skills.ii. It is incumbent on the interpreters and translators to support and encourage the professional development of their colleagues.8. Professional Solidaritya. Support of Colleagues.i. Interpreters and translators should support and further the interests of the profession and their colleagues, and offer each other reasonable assistance as required.ii.Interpreters and translators should refrain from making comments injurious to the reputation of a colleague.b. Trust and Respecti. Interpreters and translators should promote and enhance the integrity of the profession by fostering trust and mutual respect between colleagues.ii. Any difference of opinions interpreters and translators shall be expressed with candor and respect, rather than by denigration.7. 专业发展口译与笔译工作者应该不断提高他们的专业知识和技能a) 保持技能i) 口译与笔译工作者应该经常审查并重新评估他们的工作表现,以保持能被接受的标准ii) 从业的口译与笔译工作者应该通过继续相关的学习和实践以保持并加强他们的语言能力iii) 口译与笔译工作者应该对他们提供专业口译与笔译服务的语言和文化保持熟悉b) 培训和训练i) 口译与笔译工作者应该不断地努力提高他们的口译与笔译技能ii) 口译与笔译工作者应该支持并鼓励同行们的专业发展8. 职业团结口译与笔译工作者应该尊重并支持他们的同行者a) 支持同行i)口译与笔译工作者应该支持并促进翻译行业和同行的利益,并在需要的时候相互提供合理的帮助ii) 口译与笔译工作者应该拒绝有损同行声誉的言论c) 信任和尊重i) 口译与笔译工作者应该通过培养信任和相互尊重促进加强职业团结ii) 口译与笔译工作者之间的任何不同意见应该坦率,尊重而不是诋毁的态度表达Question 12You have received a translation job from the Australian Federal Police concerning illegal drug smuggling from overseas. In the process of translation, you found that the list of suspects included one of your nieces. What would you do?Way of Answer 1 for 12The question involves the principles of impartiality, confidentiality and accuracy. According to AUSIT Code of impartiality, a translator shall frankly disclose any possible conflicts of interest, if necessary, withdraw from assignment. So in this case, I will inform the police promptly that one of the listed suspects is my niece and offer to withdraw from assignment. If the police permits, I will withdraw from assignment. According to the Code of Confidentiality, any information in the translation is strictly confidential, so after my withdrawal, I still abide by the Code of Confidentiality and keep everything in strictest confidence. If the police insists on my translation, according to the Code of accuracy, a translator shall translate everything accurately and completely and shall not alter, add to or omit anything from the translation assignment, so I will translate everything accurately and completely. Way of Answer 2 for Question 12(摘自分类讲解亲戚)This question mainly involves the principles of professional conduct, impartiality, and confidentiality. According to the AUSIT Code of Practice ar