2015年11月英语二级笔译真题及答案(笔译实务).doc

2015年11月英语二级笔译真题及答案（笔译实务）Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into Chinese.Passage 1 Apple may well be the only tech company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso. In a class at the companys internal University, the instructor likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picassos The Bull to the way Apple builds its smartphones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art. Steven P Jobs established Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apples business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the tech business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem. Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar, co-founded by Jobs, is one of the teachers of Communicating at Apple. This course, open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products. In a version of the class taught last year, Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull. You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Apple brand and everything we do, recalled one person who took the course. In What Makes Apple, Apple, another course that Nelson occasionally teaches, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said, Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons. How did Apples designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed - a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu. The Google TV remote serves as a counterexample; it had so many buttons, Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted. But, Apples designers concluded, only three were needed.Passage 2 Equipped with the camera extender known as a selfie stick, occasionally referred to as “the wand of narcissism,” tourists can now reach for flattering selfies wherever they go. Art museums have watched this development nervously, fearing damage to their collections or to visitors, as users swing their sticks with abandon. Now they are taking action. One by one, museums across the United States have been imposing bans on using selfie sticks for photographs inside galleries (adding them to existing rules on umbrellas, backpacks, and tripods ), yet another example of how controlling overcrowding has become part of the museum mission. The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington prohibited the sticks this month, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Houston plans to impose a ban. In New York, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, which has been studying the matter for some time, has just decided that it, too, will forbid selfie sticks. New signs will be posted soon. “From now on, you will be asked quietly to put it away,” said Sree Sreenivasan, the chief digital officer at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. “Its one thing to take a picture at arms length, but when it is three times arms length, you are invading someone elses personal space.” The personal space of other visitors is just one problem. The artwork is another. “We do not want to have to put all the art under glass,” said Deborah Ziska, the chief of public information at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, which has been quietly enforcing a ban on selfie sticks but is in the process of adding it formally to its printed guidelines for visitors. Last but not least is the threat to the camera operator, intent on capturing the perfect shot and oblivious to the surroundings. “If people are not paying attention in the Temple of Dendur, they can end up in the water with the crocodile sculpture,” Mr. Sreenivasan said. “We have so many balconies you could fall from, and stairs you can trip on.” At the Met on Thursday, Jasmine Adaos, a selfie-stick user from Chile, expressed dismay. “Its just another product,” she said. “When you have a regular camera, its the same thing. I dont see the problem if youre careful.” But Hai Lin, a student from Shandong, China, conceded that the museum might have a point. “You can hit people when theyre passing by,” she said.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)Translate the following two passages into English.Passage 1 2000年，中国建成北斗导航试验系统，这使中国成为继美、俄之后世界上第三个拥有自主卫星导航系统的国家。 虽然目前它的精度与GPS还有一定差距，但它具备了GPS没有的短信通信和位置报告的功能。在没有手机信号的地方，用户也可以通过该系统发送短信。 008年四川汶川大地震后，灾区电话无法接通，手机信号中断。救援人员将北斗导航终端带入灾区，及时保持了与外界的通讯联络。 该系统的位置报告功能可以帮助交通管理部分掌握行驶车辆的位置，及时疏导交通，缓解交通拥堵状况。 虽然北斗卫星导航系统是中国独立发展、自主运行的卫星导航系统，但这并不影响它与世界上其他卫星导航系统的兼容性。用户同时使用北斗和GPS这两种导航系统时，定位和导航效果会更好。 Passage 2 中国和欧洲是两大战略力量，肩负推动全球经济发展、促进人类文明进步、维护世界和平的崇高使命，双方正在形成不断放大的战略交集。中国是最大的新兴市场国家，欧盟是最大的发达经济体，“最大”与“最大”交融、一切都有可能，“新兴”与“发达”携手、优势就会倍增，中欧在新兴和发达经济体合作中可以成为典范。 中国和欧洲分处欧亚大陆的两端，这块大陆是世界上面积最大的大陆，也是人口最多的大陆，市场空间广阔，发展机遇巨大。中欧都主张国际关系民主化，在许多国际重大事务上有共同利益，双方关系具有越来越重要的全球影响。中欧都有伟大的文明，中国推崇“和而不同”，欧盟倡导“多元一体”， 13亿多中国人与7亿多欧洲人命运相连、前途相关，中欧在不同文明包容互鉴中可以成为引领。2015年11月CATTI二级笔译真题参考答案英译汉 Passage 1大师兄点评：本文来自纽约时报，英语二级笔译历年题目都有纽约时报的文章，2015年11月两篇都是来自此报纸。由于众所周知的原因该报纸的网址无法打开。 本文有几个地方容易翻译错误。首先第二段中“the 11 lithographs that make up Picassos The Bull”，很多人会翻译成“构成了毕加索公牛这幅画的11幅平版印刷画”，显然这是错误的。这里需要了解一个背景，那就是毕加索为创作公牛这幅画前后画了11个版本，而最后的成片就是几条简约的曲线。所以正确的翻译是“毕加索为创作公牛而连易十稿”。 第二个难点就是第五段中“You go through more iterations until you can simply deliver your message in a very concise way”。这句话需要先翻译后面的部分，而前面的部分要翻译成否定的意思。短语go through的意思是“经历，经过；检查”。整个句子的参考译文是“直到你能以一种非常简洁的方式简单地传达你的设计思想，否则你的版本还是要不停地改”。其他部分并无难度。详见参考译文。大师兄翻硕参考译文： 苹果很可能是地球上唯一一个敢说自己像毕加索的科技公司。 在苹果公司内部大学的一节课上，苹果的讲师称毕加索为创作公牛而连易十稿的精神与苹果设计智能手机和其他设备的方式有异曲同工之妙，那就是：苹果的设计师力求简洁，毕加索为创作惊世之作而删去细枝末节。 史蒂芬P乔布斯创建苹果大学是为了向员工灌输苹果的企业文化，并让他们知道苹果的历史，特别是在公司不断成长、科技行业日新月异的时代。 兰迪尼尔森以前在动画电影公司皮克斯公司，而这家公司的联合创始人也是乔布斯。现在他是“在苹果学沟通”课程的一名讲师。这门面向所有级别员工开放的课程专注于教授清晰沟通的技巧，而这不仅仅是为了让苹果的产品更简洁易懂，也为了让员工和他们的同事交流想法以及营销苹果的产品。 在去年上的这门课上，尼尔森在电脑上放映了一张公牛的幻灯片，那是毕加索从1945年后期起花一个多月连画11张才创造出来的。在早期的版本中，这头牛有口鼻部、肩胛骨和梯子，但随着版本的一再更改，这些细节消失了。最终的一张图就是一个曲线状物，不过还是一眼就能认出那是头牛。 “直到你能以一种非常简洁的方式简单地传达你的设计思想，否则你的版本还是要不停地改，这一点对苹果品牌和我们所做的每件事来说都是如此。”一位参加过该课程的学习者这样回忆到。 一位去年参加过该课程的员工说道，在“什么造就苹果？是苹果自己”这门尼尔森先生不经常上的课程中，他展示了一张谷歌电视遥控器的幻灯片。这个遥控器有78个按键。随后那个员工说，尼尔森先生又展示了一张苹果电视的遥控器，而它只有三个按键。 苹果设计师是如何决定只设计三个按键的呢？尼尔森解释道，设计师们先拿出一个设计方案，然后讨论这个方案直到他们明白一个遥控器上只要这三个键就够了一个控制影片播放和暂停的按键，一个选择频道的按键，和一个返回主菜单的按键。 尼尔森先生说，谷歌电视遥控就是一个设计方面的反面教材按键太多，因为参加苹果遥控器设计工作的每个工程师和设计师都得到了他们想要的东西。Passage 2大师兄点评： 本文同样来自纽约时报，需要注意的是对文中几个博物馆的翻译，如Museum of Fine Arts in Houston正确的翻译是“休斯顿美术博物馆”，fine arts是美术的意思，而不能翻译成“精致艺术”；Metropolitan Museum of Art的正确翻译是“大都市美术博物馆”；Temple of Dendur的正确翻译是“丹铎神庙”，以上这些都是专有名词，严格意义上讲其中文翻译都已经约定俗成了。第四段中这个句子较为难翻译“Its one thing to take a picture at arms length, but when it is three times arms length, you are invading someone elses personal space”，其中“at arms length”字面意思是“胳膊的长度”，可以翻译成“在胳膊长的范围内”，这个句子的译文就是“在一手臂长的范围内拍照是一回事，但你用自拍杆在三倍于手臂的范围内拍照却是另外一回事，因为你这是在侵犯别人的个人空间”。大师兄翻硕译文： 配备了被称为自拍杆的相机延长器后，游客现在走到哪里都能拍出漂亮的自拍照，而这种自拍杆有时也被称为“自恋魔杖”。 艺术博物馆都谨慎地关注用自拍杆自拍这一趋势的发展，因为他们担心游客在用自拍杆忘情自拍时会对馆内藏品和其他游客造成伤害。现在博物馆都采取了行动。美国各地的博物馆正相继出台禁令，禁止在馆内使用自拍杆拍照（这让自拍杆继雨伞、背包、三脚架之后上了博物馆的黑名单），而这也再次证明，管控过度拥挤已成了博物馆任务的一部分。 本月，华盛顿的赫什霍恩博物馆和雕塑公园禁止了自拍杆，休斯顿的美术博物馆也计划发布禁令。纽约的大都会艺术博物馆也刚做出决定：馆内禁止使用自拍杆。禁止自拍杆的标识将会快张贴出来。而此前大都会博物馆已对此问题研究好一段时间了。 “从现在起，游客将被委婉要求把自拍杆收起来，”大都会艺术博物馆的首席数据官斯里斯里尼瓦桑说，“在一手臂长的范围内拍照是一回事，但你用自拍杆在三倍于手臂的范围内拍照却是另外一回事，因为你这是在侵犯别人的个人空间。” 其他游客的个人空间遭侵犯只是自拍杆引起的一个问题。另一个问题是对馆藏艺术品的伤害。“我们也不想被迫把藏品放到玻璃展柜里，”位于华盛顿的国家艺术馆的首席公共信息官德博拉齐什卡说。该馆已低调执行禁自拍杆的禁令，目前正在把这一禁令正式加到纸质版的游客指南上。 还有一点很重要，自拍杆对相机操作者也是个危险，因为那些一心想着如何拍出完美自拍的人会因此忽视了周围环境。“在丹铎神庙，人们如果不留神就会掉入有鳄鱼雕塑的水中，”斯里尼瓦桑先生说，“如果不注意，游客可能会从这里的诸多阳台上掉下来，或者绊倒在台阶上。” 周四，来自智利的自拍杆使用者贾丝明阿道思表达了对禁止自拍杆这一规定的失望。她说：“当你用普通相机拍照就没事，可是用自拍杆拍照与之是一回事。只有自拍者小心点，用自拍杆拍照我就不觉得有什么不妥。”不过来自中国山东的学生林海也承认，博物馆禁自拍杆的做法可能也有道理。“有人经过时，你可能会打到别人，”她说。汉译英Passage 1In 2000, China produced the Beidou Navigation Testing System, which made China the third country possessing the autonomous navigation system after the United States and Russia.Although the system is inferior to GPS in terms of its positioning precision, it has functions GPS does not possess, including text message communication and reporting of position. Every at places without access to cellphone signals, cellphone users can still send text message via this system.In the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, the telephone communication in the area was cut off due to failure of the cellphone signals. Bringing Beidou Navigation system terminals into the earthquake stricken area, the rescue teams managed to maintain the areas contact with the outside world. The systems position reporting function informs the communication departments of the positions of the vehicles on the roads so that they can relieve the congestion by diverting the traffic. The system, while developed and operated independently by China, is compatible with other globalsatellite navigation systems. The users will have a better effect of positioning and navigation using both BD and GPS at the same time.Passage 2大师兄点评： 本文来自2014年10月11日李克强总理在中欧论坛汉堡峰会第六届会议上的主旨演讲，演讲的题目为树立互利共赢的新标杆。 本文的翻译难度并不大，都是翻译练习常见的词句，例如：“国际关系民主化”、“命运相连”、“和而不同”等。这些译文的翻译都比较固定，分别是“democratic international relations”、“shared/common destiny”和“harmony without uniformity”等。详见官方译文。官方译文： China and Europe are two major strategic forces. We both undertake the lofty mission of promoting global economy, advancing human civilization and progress and safeguarding world peace. The two sides are expanding their converging strategic interests. China is the largest emerging mark