散货船装载手册补充.pdf

CCS Cire NB No 007 Page 1 5 CCS 通 函 Circular 中国船级社 建造船舶部 1999 通函 002 号总第 007 号 1999 年 5 月 11 日生效 共 5 页 发本社有关验船师和散货船船东 现有散货船装载手册补充内容的编制 审批及有关技术要求 根据 IACS URS1A的要求 所有船长大于或等于 150m 的现有散货船 与其 装载的货物密度无关 在 1999 年 7 月 1 日前 应配备典型的装 卸载次序做为 现有装载手册的补充 SOLAS 公约第 7 条 第 8 条对船上应配备的装载 资料小册子的内容做了具体的规定 根据 IACS 内部讨论结果及统一解释 本通函对本社建造船舶部 入级船舶 部 98 总第 147 号通函 对现有散货船船级和法定要求的实施规定 中有关三 角形标志进行修改和补充 并对装载手册补充内容的编制和审批做出进一步要求 和说明 以指导该项工作的开展 本通函中现有散货船装载手册补充内容系指典型装卸载次序及本社 147 号 通函中所述的装载资料小册子 其中除装载次序以外的内容 即 147 号通函中所 述的装载资料小册子 按 SOLAS 第 VI 7 条的规定属船上必配的文件 不属于本 社审批的范畴 不收取审批费 1 适用范围 本通函适用于 1998 年 7 月 1 日以前签订建造合同的单舷侧船长大于或 等于 150m的现有散货船 2定义 本通函中一般意义上的均匀装载系指对第一和第二货舱进行评估时 最 高和最低填充系数之比不超过 1 20 3执行 SOLAS XII 8 3 中规定的三角形标志的勘划要求 3 1本规定适用于按照 SOLAS XII 6 2 IACS URS19 5 2 2对应于典型装载次序每一步货物操作的装载仪计算结果 包括静水剪 力 静水弯矩 或与许用值的比值 船舯 艏 艉 的吃水等 5 2 3压载泵的排量资料 5 2 4各货舱内底许用载荷 或许用载货量 5 2 5该船是否进行过按 IACS URS19 22 5 3 4各货舱内底许用载荷 或许用载货量 5 3 5船长或大副关于该船常用的装载 卸载的建议 如实际营运中一般采用 几轮装 卸载 装 卸载速率等 或给出相应的实际装 卸载次序 5 3 6若该船已经进行过按 IACS URS19 22 2 本装卸载计划不得取代船长或高级船员在装卸载方面的经验 The loading or unloading sequence plan given herein should by no means replace experience in loading or unloading of the master or officer 3 在所遇工况不在本批准的装卸计划中 船长或主管船员应根据所装货物 特性 装 卸 载速率 压载或排压载速率以及船舶最大 最小吃水 船体梁总纵弯矩和剪力的限制来编制一份装 卸 载计划 In case where loading or unloading sequence not included in the approved plans the master or officer in charge shall prepare a particular plan according to the loaded cargo characteristics loading or unloading rate as well as the restrictions of max min Draught and ship s longitudinal shearing force and bending moment of hull girder 4 编制装卸载计划时 应充分利用船上的装载仪 Each loading or unloading sequence should be prepared using the onboard loading computer 5 在编制货物装卸操作每一步时 应计算有关的计算 以确保 During the planning stage of cargo loading unloading operation some calculations should be carried at incremental steps to ensure that 沿船长的静水剪力和静水弯矩在许用的在港极限 The SWSF and SWBM along the ship s length are within the permissible harbour limits 若适用 每一货舱的货物重量应在相应吃水的在港许用极限内 If applicable the weight of cargo in each hold is within the allowable harbour limits for the draught of the ship 不得超过内底载荷极限和其它相应于局部装载的极限 The load limit on the tanktop and other relevant limits on local loading are not exceeded 通函附件 10 29 最终出港状态下 沿船长的 SWSF 和 SWBM 应在许用航行极限内 At the final departure condition the SWSF and SWBM along the ship s length are with the permissible seagoing limits 6 编制装卸计划时 应明确列出下列各项 While preparing the loading or unloading plan there is a clear indication of 即将装 卸 载的货物数量及相应的货舱编号 The quantity of cargo and the corresponding cargo hold number s to be loaded unloaded 压载水的数量及相应的即将排出 压入 压载水的舱室编号 The amount of ballast water and the corresponding tank hold number s to be deballasted ballasted 每一步货物装卸操作结束时的船舶吃水和纵倾 The ship s draughts and trim at the completion of each step in the cargo loading unloading operation 每一步货物装卸操作结束时的静水剪力和静水弯矩的计算值 The calculated value of the still water shear forces and bending moments at the completion of each step in the cargo loading unloading operation 若适用 完成每一步货物装卸操作的预计时间 Estimated time for completion of each step in the cargo loading unloading operation if applicable 准备采用的装载和卸载设备的速率 Assumed rate s of loading and unloading equipment 准备采用的压载速率 Assumed ballasting rate s 5 2典型装载工况的货物装载或卸载次序 Cargo loading or unloading sequences for typical loading condition 通函附件 11 29 Loading Unloading Sequence Vessel Name XXX Owner XXX Class No XXX Flag XXX CASE 1 Homogenous departure condition S F 48 384FT LT Port TEST specific or typical Condition at commencement Of loading discharging Light ballasting arrival Total mass of cargo To be loaded discharged 34808 0 Condition at end of loading discharging Full load Homogenous departure Dock water Density t m3 1 025 Maximum Loading discharging rate Average Loading discharging rate 2000T h Number of Loaders dischargers 1 Maximum Ballasting rate 1250T h Average Ballasting deballasting rate 1000T h Volume of Hold Vh m3 9266101999225101648085 Height of Hold h m 15 8515 8515 8515 8515 85 Note During each pour it has to be controlled that allowable limits for hull girder shear forces bending moments and mass in holds are not exceeded Loading discharging operations may have to be paused to allow for ballasting deballasting in order to keep actual values within limits Hold content at commencement of loading discharging Ballast content at commencement of loading dischargingCommencement of loading discharding sea Cargo mass00000Wings or Peaks APTBall No 3Hold no 3Ball No 2Ball no 1FPTmaximum Density t m3 1 34851 34851 34851 34851 3485Upper 2126 802090 80 Taft m T m Tfwd m S F B M GradebauxitebauxitebauxitebauxiteBauxiteLower Peaks 222 71791 801612 6997 611007 3055 4743 64361 069 0 CARGO OPERATIONS BALLAST OPERATIONSValues at end of pour from harbour to sea Maximum Pour No GradeHold 5Hold 4Hold 3Hold 2Hold 1 Upper Lower PeakAPT Ballast tank no 3 Hold no 3 Ballast tank no 2 Ballast tank no 1FPT Taft m T m Tfwd m S F B M Upper2090 8 014000 Lower peak1612 6 7 9545 5673 17958 453 4 Upper 023000 Lower peak997 6 6 9505 9905 03061 868 5 Upper1063 034000 Lower peak900 7 6106 4875 36359 056 9 Upper1063 8 043000 Lower peak891 8 8 7596 7664 77354 866 6 Upper 054000 Lower peak1100 8 8747 4386 00354 537 0 Upper 062840 Lower peak 9 2998 1036 90853 527 5 Upper 072000 Lower peak 222 7 8 0538 4738 89345 229 6 Upper 082000 Lower peak 9 5978 9718 34437 327 5 Upper 093530 Lower peak 9 0419 77210 5039 931 1 Upper 103560 Lower peak 10 5210 6010 6825 2 32 0 Draft Survey for loading Total cargo Onboard mt Remaining cargo to be loaded mt Total amount Of bunkers onboard t Upper n 11870 Lower peak 11 7311 011029 28 1 27 1 Upper n990 Lower peak 11 3411 2411 15 22 7 14 0 Hold content at end of loading dischargingBallast content at end of loading dischargingValues at end of loading discharging sea Cargo mass68717565684075375995Wings or peaksAPTBall No 3Hold no 3Ball No 2Ball no 1FPTMaximum Upper0000 Taft m T m Tfwd m S F B M Total mass loaded discharged34808Lower peaks 0 0000 0 11 3411 2411 15 22 7 14 0 Maximum occurring values among all conditions above Net load on double bottomTons m2 Net load in two adjacent holdsTons Net load on double bottom Mh V h T t m2 where Mh Mass in hold mass in DB t V Total volume of hold m3 H heigth of hold from inner bottom to top of coaming m T draught m Approved by Place Date 通函附件 12 29 附录 货物装卸操作一般要求 Appendix general guidance for loading and unloading 1 货物操作前船 岸之间的联系 Procedures between ship and shore prior to cargo operation 在船舶到达之前 船上人员应与码头保持联系 船岸之间应相互交换 信息以保证货物装卸顺利进行 Prior to the ship s arrival the ship should keep kindly contact with the terminal and information about the cargo operation should be exchanged each other sufficiently to make it successful to load or unload the imposed cargoes 码头应向船上提供以下信息 Terminal should provide the ship with the following information well in advance 1 货物特性 积载系数 休止角 货物总数及其他特性 Cargo characteristics stowage factor angle of repose amounts and special properties 2 对于操作次序的货物可利用性和任何特殊要求 Cargo availability and any special requirements for the sequencing of operations 3 装卸载设备的特性 包括可用的装卸机的数量 活动范围及适用时 的码头的名义及最大装卸载速率 Characteristics of the loading or unloading equipment including number of loaders and unloaders to be used their ranges of movement and the terminal s nominal and maximum loading and unloading rates where applicable 4 码头和航道最大 最小水深 Maximum minimum depth of water alongside the berth and in the fairway channels 5 码头的水密度 通函附件 13 29 Water density at the berth 6 港口当局允许的安全移动的最大和最小吃水 Maximum sailing draught and minimum draught for safe manoeuvring permitted by the port authority 7 当船上发出停止货物操作信号后 留在货物输送带上即将送入货舱 的货物数量 The amount of cargo remaining on the conveyor belt which will be loaded onboard the ship after a cargo stoppage signal has been given by the ship 8 岸上关于船舶移动的要求和程序 Terminal requirements procedures for shifting ship 9 具体港口对于船舶移动的限制和程序 Local port restrictions procedures for shifting ship 10 从水线面到即将装货的舱口盖或舱口围板的最大距离及最大空气吃 水 The maximum distance between the water line and the top of cargo hatch covers or coamings whichever is relevant to the loading operation and the maximum air draft 11 具体港口的其他限制 如上燃料 卸压载水等 Local port restrictions for example bunkering and deballasting requirements etc 船上应向码头提供下述资料 Ship should provide the terminal with the following information 1 尽可能早地通知船舶离开港口后预计到达的时间 该时间若有修 改应及时通知 The ship s estimated time of arrival ETA off the port as early as possible This advice should be updated as appropriate 2 在通知预计到达时间的同时 船上还应提供下述详细资料 At the time of initial ETA advice the ship should also provide details 通函附件 14 29 of the followings 1 船名 呼号 IMO 登记号 船旗及船籍港 Name call sign IMO number flag and port of registry 2 一份描述所需货物数量 舱口盖装载情况 装载次序及各舱口即将 装入的数量的装载计划 A loading plan stating the quantity of cargo required stowage by hatches loading order and the quantity to be loaded in each pour 3 到港及预计出港吃水 Arrival and proposed departure draughts 4 卸压载水所需的时间 Time required for deballasting 5 船舶总长 船宽和货舱长度 The ship s length overall beam and length of the cargo hold 6 从水线到即将装 卸货的第一货舱舱口的距离以及从船侧到舱口的 距离 Distance from the water line to the first hatch to be loaded or unloaded and the distance from the ship s side to the hatch opening 7 船舶舷梯的位置 The location of the ship s accommodation ladder 8 空气吃水 Air draught 9 船舶货物装卸机械能力与详细资料 Details and capacities of ship s cargo handling gear 10 系缆型式及数量 Number and type of mooring lines and 11 码头所要求的与船舶相关的其它要求 Any other item related to the ship requested by the terminal 2 货物装载和卸载操作程序 General loading and unloading instructions 通函附件 15 29 货物操作前 船岸双方应确认一份完整的装 卸 载计划 该计划应 考虑所装货物特性 装 卸 载速率 压载或排压载速率以及船舶吃水 船体梁总纵弯矩和剪力 Prior to cargo operation a perfectly of loading or unloading sequence plan shall be confirmed by both ship and terminal with regard to the loaded cargo characters loading or unloading rate ballasting or de ballasting rate as well as the ship s draught longitudinal shearing force and bending moment of hull girder 在整个货物操作过程中 船岸双方应保持良好的合作 按照双方确认 的装 卸 载次序进行 The master and terminal should kept good coordination throughout the cargo operation the agreed loading or unloading sequence should be followed out 应注意 Following information shall be paid attention 1 在每一步货物操作结束时 当货物操作停止信号给出以后停留在货 物输送带上的货物应被计入 At the completion of each step in the cargo operation the amount of cargo remaining on the conveyor belt after a cargo stoppage signal has been given should be considered 2 可能时 货物应对称装入每一货舱 必要时加以平舱 The cargo is loaded where possible symmetrically in each hold and where necessary trimmed 3 装载速率不要超过装载计划中双方确认的速率 The loading rate does not increase beyond the agreed rate for the loading plan 4 如果发现货物操作与装载或卸载计划有偏差时 主管船员应立即通 知货物码头以便及时采取正确措施 如认为有必要 货物及压载操 作应立即停止 If a deviation from the loading or unloading plan is observed the 通函附件 16 29 officer in charge should advise the cargo terminal immediately so that necessary corrective actions are implemented without delay If considered necessary cargo and ballasting operation must stop 5 货物操作应与设定的压载操作同步 The cargo operation and intended ballast procedure are synchronised 6 在装载计划相应的货物操作步骤中应检查吃水 以证实船舶装载情 况 在船中和首尾柱读取的吃水应与装载计划中计算的吃水值一致 Draught surveys are conducted at appropriate steps of the loading plan to verify the ship s loading condition The draught readings usually taken at amidships and the fore and aft perpendiculars should be in good agreement with values calculated in the loading plan 7 测量压载舱以校核它们的容量及压载或卸压载水速率 Ballasting tanks sounded to verify their contents and rate of ballasting or deballasting 8 应计算 SWSF SWBM 及适用时随吃水变化的货物重量 确保在货物 操作的每一步 1 2 3 所述的强度极限不得被超过 The SWSF SWBM and where appropriate hold cargo weight versus draught calculations are performed at intermediate stages of the cargo operation to ensure that the strength limits as described in section 1 2 3 not be exceeded 9 装货结束前 主管船员应检查船中及艏艉柱吃水 船体挠度 d d M dM 不小于 0 22m Before the end of cargo loading the officer in charge should check the draught taken at amidships and the fore and aft perpendiculars the deflection d d M dM should be less than 0 22m 10 装货结束前 应精确测量残存压载水 以便确定货物的装载 Before the end of cargo loading the amount of ballasting water should be measured accurately so as to determine the cargo operation 通函附件 17 29 11 在整个货物装载和卸载过程中 应尽量避免下述导致过大应力的不正 确操作 Following problems which will lead to over stress should be avoided throughout the whole course of cargo loading and unloading 超出任一许用货舱的最大许用货物将会导致局部结构的过大应力 Exceeding the maximum permissible cargo load in any hold will lead to over stress of local structure 若适用 不得超出作为吃水函数的每一货舱或相邻两货舱的货物重量 极限 局部装载极限 If applicable the cargo weight limits for each cargo hold and two adjacent cargo holds as a function of draught the local loading criteria are not to be exceeded 高速率装载可以导致在非常短的时间内明显的过载 主要有以下三个 方面的问题 High loading rates may cause significant overloading within a very short space of time There will be three main problems as follows 1 整个船体梁的静水剪力 SWSF 和静水弯矩 SWBM The sensitivity of the global hull girder SWSF and SWBM 2 局部结构的过大装载 Over loading the local structure 3 压载操作的同步性 Synchronisation of the ballasting operation 不对称货物和压载分布 Asymmetric cargo and ballasting distribution 应避免通过端部货舱平舱增大船舶的货物装运能力来达到相应的吃水 而导致船体梁的中拱变形 该操作会导致端部货舱的过大载荷而导致 超出局部和总强度的许用极限 The practice of inducing a hogging deflection of the hull girder by end hold s trimming to maximise the cargo carrying capacity of the ship to the appropriate marks is to be avoided as this may result in the over loading 通函附件 18 29 of the end holds beyond the allowable limit and an increase in both the local and global stresses 装载过程中不充分的货物重量测量导致船舶过载 Inadequate cargo weight measuring during loading Overloading can result from 1 由于采用不精确的码头重量测量设备而导致数据不精确 Inaccurate terminal weighing equipment providing incorrect data 2 检查吃水及决定装载的时间不充分 特别是在高速率货物装载码头 The limited time available to check the draught and determine the load onboard especially at high loading rate terminals 3 通过在某一货舱装货来补偿部分燃料导致超出许用极限 Loading cargo in a hold in excessive of the allowable limit to compensate for partial bunkers 3 Extracts of IMO Code of practice for the safe loading and unloading of bulk carriers For the purpose of the Code the following definitions apply 1 1 Air draught means the vertical distance from the surface of the water to the highest point of mast or aerial 1 2 Combination carriers OBO or O O means a ship whose design is similar to a conventional bulk carrier but is equipped with pipelines pumps and inert gas plant so as to enable the carriage of oil cargoes designated spaces 1 3 Conveyor system means the entire system for delivering cargo from the shore stockpile or receiving point to the ship 1 4 Hot work means the use of open fires and flames power tools or hot rivets grinding soldering burning cutting welding or any other repair work involving heat or creating sparks which may lead to a hazard because of the presence or proximity of flammable atmosphere 1 5 List indication lights means lights visible from the deck which light up to show that a ship is listing 通函附件 19 29 1 6 Master means the master of the ship or a ship s officer designated by the master 1 7 Pour means the quantity of cargo poured through one hatch opening as one step in the loading plan i e from the time the spout is positioned over a hatch opening until it is moved to another hatch opening 1 8 Terminal representative means a person appointed by the terminal or other facility where the ship is loading or unloading who has responsibility for operations conducted by that terminal or facility with regard to the particular ship 1 9 Trimming loading cargo is the partial or total levelling of the cargo within the holds by means of loading spouts or chutes portable machinery equipment or manual labour 1 10 Trimming unloading cargo is the shovelling or sweeping up of smaller quantities of the cargo in the holds by mechanical means such as bulldozers or other means to place them in a convenient position for discharge 1 11 Trimming ship is the adding removal or shifting of weight in a ship to achieve the required forward and aft draughts SHIP SHORE SAFETY CHECKLIST For Loading or Unloading Dry Bulk Cargo Carriers Date Port Terminal Quay Available depth of water in berth Minimum air draught Ship s name Arrival draught read calculated Air draught Calculated departure draught Air draught The term air draught should be construed carefully if the ship is in a river or an 通函附件 20 29 estuary it usually refers to maximum mast height for passing under bridges while on the berth it usually refers to the height available or required under the loader or unloader The Master and terminal manager or their representatives should complete the checklist jointly Advice on points to be considered is given in the accompanying guidelines The safety of operations requires that all questions should be answered affirmatively and the boxes ticked If this is not possible the reason should be given and agreement reached upon precautions to be taken between ship and terminal If a question is considered to be not applicable write N A explaining why if appropriate SHIP TERMINAL 1 Is the depth of water at the berth and the air draught adequate for the cargo operation 2 Are mooring arrangements adequate for all local effects of tide current weather traffic and craft alongside 3 In emergency is the ship able to leave the berth at any time 4 Is there safe access between the ship and the wharf Tended by Ship Terminal cross out the appropriate 5 Is the agreed ship terminal communications system operative Communication method Language Radio channels phone numbers 6 Are the liaison contact persons during operations positively identified Ship contact persons Shore contact person s Location 7 Are adequate crew on board and adequate staff in the terminal for emergency 8 Have any bunkering operations been advised and agreed 9 Have any intended repairs to wharf or ship whilst alongside been advised and agreed 通函附件 21 29 10 Has a procedure for reporting and recording damage from cargo operations been agreed 11 Has the ship been provided with copies of port and terminal regulations including safety and pollution requirements and d