英语学习 第三讲.doc

第三讲：形容词 （1） a beautiful little new white wooden house 从这个长长的词中可以看出多个形容词作 定语时排列有一定的先后顺序。它们往往遵循以下规律：冠词或人称代词所有格+数词+性质+大小+形状 +表示老少、新旧+颜色+事物质地、人的国籍、用途。（2）There is something wrong with my bike。为什么wrong放在 something的后面呢？原来虽然大部分形容词做定语时的位置是放在名词之前的，但当形容词所修饰的词为 something，anything，nothing，everything等以-thing为字尾的词语时，形容词要后置。 （3） 形容词级别问题： 1） a. Our classroom is twice larger than theirs。（我们的教室是他们的两倍。）这种表示倍 数的句子用 times +形容词比较级+than 这样的格式。 b. Im three years older than you.（我比你大三岁。）表示大三岁，高二厘米等时用表示 数量词的词+比较级。 c.越来越用比较级+and +比较级来表示。如： The earth is getting warmer and warmer。（地球变得越来越暖和。） d.越就越用the +比较级，the+比较级来表示。如： The busier he is，the happier he feels。(他越忙，越觉得高兴。) (4)还有几点是不得不提的： a. alone 和lonely：I feel lonely, because I am alone at home. 你独自一人在家用 alone 表示单独的、独自一人的，它表示一个客观事实，在句中只能做表语。你在家感到寂寞， 用lonely，表示主观上感到 孤独寂寞，指一种悲伤忧郁的情绪，可作定语和表语。 b. older和elder: Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother.杰克比我大要用older， 表示年纪大的，年老的，常用做表语；他是我的长兄用elder，表示年老的，年长的，用做 定语，只用于比较两个人的长幼，只能作表语。 练习： 1. Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 2. Which is the _country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed B. more developing C. most developed D. most developing 3. How was your recent visit to Qingdao? It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the _days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 4. The books are not _ to be published. A. enough intersting B. interesting enough C. so interesting D. too interesting 5.Whats your _sports? A. the most favorite B. most favorite C. favorite D. the favorite 6.Theres _ with the recorder A. anything wrong B. wrong anything C. something wrong D.wrong something 7. His sister is _than he . A. younger five years B. five years younger C. five year younge D. five younger years 8.We should speak English in and after class. Yes, _, _. A. more , better B. the more, the bette C. much, better D. the often, the better 9. The old man lives alone, he feels _. A. alone B. lonely C. lone D. alonely 10. I think bananas are _of all the fruits. A. delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. the most delicious 实战： 1. Whats this in English? Its _apple. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 2. I was born _February 18, 1981. A. on B. in C. at D. of 3. There isnt _water in the glass. A. some B. lots C. many D. any 4. _do you watch TV? Twice a week. A. How long B. How far C. How often D. How many 5. I have two pencils, one is long, _is short. A. another B. other C. the other D. others 6. They are poor, _they are always happy. A. and B. but C. or D. so 7. _beautiful the flowers are! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 8. Do you _English? Only a little. A. tell B. speak C. say D. talk 9. There are about _students in our grade. A. two hundreds and twenty-five B. two hundreds and twenty five C. two hundred and twenty-five D. two hundred twenty-five 10. His name is Robert Thomas Brown. The students call him _. A. Mr Robert B. Mr Thomas C. Mr Thomas Brown D. Mr Brown 11. Your books are here, where are _? A. my B. mine C. I D. me 12. She will write to me sa soom as she _in Paris. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arriving D arrives 13. Its a fine day, _? Yes, lets go out for a walk. A. is it B. it is C. isnt it D. it isnt 14. Could you tell us_? A. when will the meeting start B. when the meeting will start C. the meeting will start when D. then meeting when will start 15. My bike is broken, can you mend it? Sorry, _. A. I cant B. I wont C. I can D. I dont 第四讲：副词 学完了形容词，副词讲解起来会更容易一些。一般认为形容词+ly就变成了副词， 如形容词quick加上-ly变成副词quickly。但是象friendly , lovely 虽然以 ly 结 尾，但实则是形容词，She is friendly to me (她对我很友好。)可千万不要误认为是 副词!副词可修饰动词、形容词和副词，这些用法相信大家已经掌握。那我们挑选一下易混、易用错的来详细 讲解一下。 (1) already 和 yet ： Where is Tom? He hasnt come yet. But Jack is already here . 这句话中又是 already，又 有yet，是怎么回事吗？原来already和yet意思虽然相同，但用法有点小区别。表示事情早已发生或提前发 生用 already，一般放于句中，用于肯定句和疑问句。含有already的肯定句，变为否定句时，要将 already 变为yet，且放在句尾。yet表示预料要发生的事未发生，位于句尾，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 (2) hard 和 hardly： hard，hardly 两者虽然只有-ly之差，意义却大不相同。hard表示辛苦，使劲，努力，如：He works very hard.(他学习非常努力。) 而hardly为否定副词，表示几乎不。如： The box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it .（这箱子是那么沉，他几乎搬不动。） (3) ago 和 before： ago 不能单独使用，应与three days (months , weeks)等连用, 而且和动词的过去时连用。如： I met my neighbour an hour ago. Before 之前有一段时间时，指距这段时间以前，和过去 完成时连用。如：He said he had finished the work two days before.（他说他两天前已完成了 工作。） 如果before单独使用，是泛指以前，常常和完成时连用。如： I have seen the film before.（我以前没看过这部电影。） (4)farther 和 further: far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。如： He runs farther than she does.（他比她跑得远。） 在美语中，farther 表示距离，further表示进一步。 如： I have nothing further to say.（我没什么要说的了。）至于副词的比较级和最高级问题，参照形容词的就OK了。 练习：1. The teacher was very angry and decided to send _school, so he wasnt a student any longer. A. away him from B. him away from the C. away him out of D. him away from 2. _, he didnt fail in the English exam. A. Luck B. Lucky C. Luckily D. Luckly 3.Are you feeling _? Yes，Im fine now. A. any well B.any better C.quite good D.quite better 4. The more we looked at the picture, _. A. the less we liked it B. we like it less C. better we like it D. it looked better 5. After the new machine was introduced，the factory produced _ shoes in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 6. Our English needs to be_improved. A. farther B. farthest C. further D. far 7. What a pity! Lucy ran _ more slowly than Lily. A. a few B. much C. a little D. little 8. He is running _now. A.more slowly and more slowly B. slowlier and slowlier C.more and more slowly D. slowly and slowly 9. Last night my father went back _later than before. A. quite B. very C. even D. much more 10.The sick man was too thin to go any _. A. far B. farther C. further D. farthest 实战： 1. The answer is nice and soft. Shall I _the shopkeeper if I can try it on? A. ask B. answer C. speak D. tell 2. Tickets, please. May I _your ticket please, madam? A. show B. watch C. find D.see 3. Its not good to _when you are waiting for a bus. A. stand in line B. get on well C. jump the queue D. wait for your turn 4. Its hard to count the monkeys, theyre running and jumping_. A. at times B. all the time C. more or less D. right away 5. Im sorry, weve _the shoes in your size. A. paid for B. put on C. sold out D. put away 6. Weihuas pen was_, so she needed a new one. A. broken B. long C. cheap D. here 7. You can often buy things from their shop _home. A. of the way B. by the way C. another way of D. on your way 8. The teacher in the school library is very_. You must return your library book on time! A. kind B. lonely C. strict D. polite 9. Thanks to man-make s