初二英语上册知识点同步辅导.doc

八年级英语上册1 3单元复习纲要（一 ） 词汇 四会单词（Can you spell these words?）1. 锻炼，运动 _2. 几乎不，几乎没有 _3. 曾，曾经 _4. 次，次数 _5. 网络，互联网 _6. 节目，表演 _7. 结果，成果 _8. 活跃的，积极的 _9. 几乎，大约 _10. 咖啡 _11. 巧克力 _12. 喝，饮 _13. 健康，健康状况 _14. 习惯 _15. 分数，成绩 _16. 同样的，相同的 _17. 不同的，有区别的 _18. 不同，差异 _19. 或许，大概 _20. 虽然，即使 _21. 保持，保持某种状态_22. 较小的，更少的 _23. 得（病），患（病） _24. 发烧 _25. 头痛 _26. 疾病，身体不适 _27. 渴的，口渴的 _28. 提早地，提前地 _29. 问题，令人困惑的事物_ 1. 每人，人人 _2. 变得 _ 3. 继续是，保持，维持 _4. 重要的，重大的 _5. 瞬间，片刻 _6. 直到.之时，在.之前 _7. 听见，听说 _8. 计划，规划 _9. 发送，寄 _10. 明信片 _11. 乘骑，搭乘 _12. 著名的，出名的 _13. 欧洲 _14. 某物，某事 _15. 湖，湖泊 _ _16. 离开，出发 _17. 农村，乡村 _18. 大自然，自然界 _19. 忘记 _20. 结束，完成 _21. 方式，手段，方法 _22. 传统的，惯例的 _23. 相信，认为 _24. 虚弱的，无力的 _25. 愤怒的，生气的 _26. 药，药物 _27. 西方的，来自西方的 _28. 旅行者，游客 _29. 设法，努力 _ 三会单词（Do you remember these words ?）1. skateboard _2. surf _3. interviewer _4. lifestyle _5. unhealthy _6. matter _7. stomachache _8. sore _9. honey _10. dentist _11. balance _12. herb _13. balanced _14. diet _1. babysit _2. camp _3. hike _4. Tibet _5. Italy _6. sightseeing _7. Hawaii _8. rent _9. Spain _10. Greece _11. Thailand _12. throat _13. advice _14. San Francisco _（二） 短语1. how often多久一次2. hardly ever 几乎不3. as for 至于，关于4. go to the movies 去看电影5. every day 每天6. twice a month一月两次_7. surf the Internet 上网8. the result of的结果9. read English books 读英语书10. junk food 垃圾食物11. how many 多少12. of course 当然13. look after 照顾，照看14. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事15. be good for 对有益16. try to do sth. 尽力做某事17. a lot of 大量，许多18. keep in good health 保持健康19. watch TV 看电视20. have a slight /little / bad / heavy cold 感冒，受凉21. (be/get ) stressed out 有压力的，紧张的22. at the moment 此时，现在23. how long 多久，多长时间24. get back 回来25. take a vacation /take vacations去度假26. a lot 很，非常27. the same as.与。相同28. be different from.与.不同29. have a sore back 背疼30. have a stomachache 胃疼31. lie down and rest 躺下休息32. see a dentist / go to the dentists看牙医33. drink lots of / some water 多喝水/喝一些水34. feel well感觉好35. go to bed early 36. listen to music 听音乐37. traditional Chinese doctor 传统中医38. too much 太多39. get tired 感到疲倦40. stay healthy 保持健康41. host family 房东42. take with sb.某人随身携带43. this time 这次44. go camping/ hiking/sightseeing/fishing/shoping45. go away 离开46. go bike riding 骑自行车观光47. take walks 去散步48. give advice49. mimes an illness50. rent videos to sb.租碟片给某人 rent videos from sb.从某人那租碟片51. make a movie拍电影52. ask sb about sth问某人某事53. at night =in the evening在晚上54.What/How about+ doing怎么样呢? 1 （三）重点句型1. As for homework, most stuents do homework every day.2. The results for “ watch TV ” are interesting.3. But my mother wants me to drink it.4. Its good for my health5. How many hours do you sleep every day?6. And my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grads.7. Good food and exercise help me to study better.8. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? What are differences?9. I think I m kind of unhealthy .I hardly ever exercise. 10. He shouldt eat anying11. WEeneed a balance of yin and yang to be healthy .12. Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and its important to eat a balanced diet .13. . Its easy for sb. to do sth做某事是容易的。Its important for sb. to do sth . 做某事很重要14. Everybody gets tired sometimes.15. Im tired and I have a lot of headaches.16. She is babysitting her sister.17. W hen are you going ? I m going on Monday.18. Im going hiking in the mountains.19. I dont like going away for too long.20. Show me your photos when we get back to school.21. How long are you staying? Just for four days.22. Whats it like there ?23. Hows the weather there?24. He thought about going to Greece or Spain, but decided on Canada.25. This time I want to do something different.26. I know there are many people there who speak French.27. He is leaving the first week in June and staying until September.28. Im planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside.29. I can forget all my problems.30. I just finished making my last movies.31. I want an exciting vacation.32. Shes leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday.33. I hear Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing.l 考点知识梳理 1. He sometimes watches TV. Sometimes= at times 有时候； some times 好几次； sometime 在某时，有朝一日； some time 一段时间；He has been to Beijing some times.Ill come to see you sometime next week.I waited for you some time.2. Most students exercise three or four times a week.Most of students in our school are League members.Most of the apple has been eaten by rats.Exercise 的用法 ： v. 锻炼，运动 You are getting fat ,You should exercise more. n. 不可数名词 Take more exercise to keep healthy. 可数名词 ，意思为; 练习，习题 We do many math exercises every day. do moning exercises 做早操3My mother wants me to drink it.She says its good for my health .Want sb. to do sth. stay healthy保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good healthbe good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害l .be good for 对.有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操对你们的建康有益。l be good at = do well in 擅长于.Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅长于篮球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。Im good at math. = I do well in math.我擅长于数学。l be good to 对.好Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好 4. I try to eat a lot of vegetables.try to do sth. 尽力做某事， 设法做某事 ；try doing sth. 尝试做某事You should try eating more fruit.They are trying hard to learn English well.trydo ones best ( to do sth.) 尽某人最大努力（做某事）5the same as different difference(s) be different from 6. So maybe Im not healthy , although I have one healthy habit.maybe 与 may be 的区别： maybe是副词，“ 或许，大概”，相当于“pehaps”,在句中做状语。如：Maybe you are right. Maybe he will succed.may be 是两个词 “可能是”有时可以互换。如：He may be a teacher. Maybe he is a teacher. 含有although 与though 的句子可以互换，但一个句子中不能同时用although though和 but 如: Althoughthough he is very old ,he is still quite strong= He is very old, but he is still quite strong.7. hot tea with honey 介词 with 的用法小结：（1）常与一些工具名称连用：He writes letters with a pen. I saw it with my own eyes. He was killed with a sword. (2).和，同，随着 say with a smile leave with these words play with(3) 具有 This is an old woman with a basket. The girl with short curly hair a house with a big garden A woman with two children is walking down the street. (4)be satisfied with. be strict with with ones help help sb. with sth. Keep up with be busy with get on well with 8. show sb. sth.让某人看某物= show sth. to sb.把某物给某 人。 He showed me a postcard fromHong Kong yesterday.= He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday.类似的结构还有：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物给某人buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物9. send sb. sth.寄给某人某物= send sth. to sb.寄某物给某人 My friends sent me a letter just now.= My friends sent a letter to me just now.10. think about/ of sth./ doing sth.考虑某事/考虑做某事 He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation.11. decide on sth.决定某事 decide to do sth.决定做某事 They will decide on the case(案件) tomorrow. He decided to go sightseeing at last.12. plan to do sth.计划做某事(过去式) planned （现在分词）planning She planned to go to Greece for vacation.vacation plans假期计划 make plans制定计划We should make plans before we do anything.在做任何事前我们应该制定好计划。13. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 Dont forget to close the door when you leave the classroom. I forget going to Spain before.14. remember to do sth.记得去做某事Remember to bring your book here tomorrow. remember doing sth.记得做过某事 He remembered calling you just now.15. finish sth./ finish doing sth.完成某事/完成做某事 Do you finish your homework? When did you finish doing your homework?16. need to do sth.需要做某事 We need to go home early.17 leave for +地名离开/出发去 leave A for B离开A地去B地 My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow. My uncle will leave Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow.18. have a good time/ have fun玩得开心 enjoy oneself We had a good time/ had fun last night. = We enjoyed ourselves last night. I hope you can have a good time/ have fun. = I hope you can enjoy yourself/ yourselves.19spend意为“度过、花费（时间、金钱等）”其主语一般是人，常用的句式有： spendon sth.Spend(in) doing sth.如：How long do you spend on your homework everyday?How long do you spend (in) doing your homework everyday?你每天花多少时间做作业20. I hope you feel better soon.hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to go to Beijing one day . hope +that 从句 I hope that you can study harder.21.Maybe you have too much yin . l too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如： There are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。l too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不可数名词。如： We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。l much too表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如： The box is much too heavy, so I cant carry it. 箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。22. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简单句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象 grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：It tastes good.这味道好。The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了23.hard / hardlyhard: hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。adj.辛苦的，困难的 adv.努力，使劲地 He had a hard (adj.)time in the past.Its a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)这是一个难的问题。 The boy studies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力He workshard.他努力工作。句子结构：Its hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如：Its hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。注意区分：hard work 困难的工作 work hard 努力工作hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。（=almost not）通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。hardly: adv.几乎不，简直不I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它 。Hehardlyworks.他几乎不工作。Ithardlyrains here,doesit? 25.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气I wasangrywith him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth就某事生气26.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜欢某物,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事=like dong sth enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, youselves, themselves, ourselves, itself反身代词) 玩得高兴，过得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun27.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议advice 是不可数名词a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 采纳或听从某人的建议He gave me some goodadvice.他向我提了一些很好的意见。28.take medicine 吃药 服药I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。29.believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.相信某人的话 I believe him, but I cant believe in him.他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。30. I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . need意思为 “需要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为dont /doesnt / didnt need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为neednt(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态变化31 .notuntil 直到 (否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词 She didnt leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up. =He didnt go shopping until /before he got up. until/till 直到 （肯定句）动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till/until 12 oclock.32.cant wait迫不及待cant waitto do sth迫不及待做某事She cant wait to get home to see her parents.她迫不及待的想回家看望父母。 21 .leave的用法l “leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？l “leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。l “leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？33. What should tourist take with them?游客必须带什么（在身上）呢？ take sth with sb.带某物在身上/随身带某物 Its going to rain. Please take an umbrella with you.就要下雨了。请带上一把雨 They take some money with them.他们随身带着些钱。（四）。解题点拨1. When I _ home, Ill show you the photos.A.get toB. return toC. get backD. return back2.I decide _ go fishing with Sally. A.onB.toC.atD.in 3.The poor man ate a big breakfast_he said he wasnt hungry A.as B. because C.though D. for4.Im taking a long vacation.Im going to the Great Wall. _.When are you leaving? A.Dont wait. B.That sounds nice. C. Have a good time. D.Thats too bad 5.How long is she staying in Rome ?_ A.Every week. B.For five days C. In a year D.Five kilometers6. Jim, where _you_? Im buying a pen. A. is going B.are doing C.is doing D.are going 7.He leaves_the airport at 8:00 A.in B. off C.on . D.for 8.I _ the headmaster is going to London next week. A.hear B.hear of C.hear about D.hear from 9.I want to_a car to drive for vacation.I should pay for 200 yuan a day. A.rent B. buy C.borrow D.sell 10._to give the letter to Mr Wang .Its very important. No, I wont.A. Remember B.Dont forget C. Be sure D.Make sure 12. Mr Green with his wife _sitting there when I came in. A.is B.was C are D.were 13 . Look at the people in the lake,.They are playing happily. Lets_,too Good idea! A.go hiking B.go camping C.go skating D.go boating 15. I hit a tree on the way to school. Im sure that you _have been driving too fast. A.need B.should C.will D.must 16 . Did you give Nick a call?