计算机图形学 OpenGL 外部图形的的加载、旋转和平移.doc

外部图形的加载、旋转和平移1、 实验目的和要求外部图形的的加载、旋转和平移2、 实验内容用MFC方法和OpengL知识来实现位图和.cur格式图形文件的的加载、旋转和平移。3、 实验步骤1） 程序设计Camera.cpp 实现照相机模型与变换。CoordinateAxis.cpp 实现图中的向量绘制和标注。MFCGL.cpp 实现的功能相当于主函数调用的功能。MFCGLView.cpp 主干文件，对图形的编辑的具体实现。2） 程序调试、测试与运行结果分析（1） X视图Y视图Z视图旋转功能平移共能功能选择键，依次为选择、旋转、平移和三种视图。（2） 功能上实现的感觉还可以，基本上已经达到要求，但由于图形文件是从网上下来的，不是自己编辑设计的，而且也不是cad文件，是没有达到题目要求，Win7不能安装CAD软件，这是我自己考虑不周，实验结果还是比较满意的。4、 实验总结此次课程设计，对我的很有挑战。在课上对文件加载这部分知识没有过多的领会，导致我在网上找了很长时间的加载函数。后来网上有了个用MFC加载图形的例子，根据它的截图和关键算法的代码实现，再加上以前对MFC稍微有点了解，知道函数该添加在什么位置，花了将近一个下午的时间将在RES文件夹中的文件进行了加载、旋转和平移，代码看的不是特别懂，有点糊里糊涂，而且可能对MFC了解的也不是特别深，致使我在编译时错误不断，有时甚至达到了115个错误。后来原因只是因为一个符号错了，看来还得再细节上多多注意，还有头一次用MFC实现OpengL方法的编程，感觉还好，最起码有结果出来了。MFC的优点就是框架已经搭建好了，不用在费事去做过多与需求功能无关的事，很多文件都是直接生成的，只需加几个头文件就行了，还有就是添加功能函数。总体讲收获很大，对自己的编程能力又多了一点自信。5、 附录res/rc2:包含项目使用的附加资源的脚本文件。1）MFCGLView.cpp文件代码：/ MFCGLView.cpp : implementation of the CMFCGLView class/#include stdafx.h#include MFCGL.h#include MainFrm.h#include MFCGLDoc.h#include MFCGLView.h#include CoordinateAxis.h#include #ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endifGLfloat ambientLight = 0.3f, 0.3f,0.3f, 1.0f ;GLfloat diffuseLight = 0.7f, 0.7f,0.7f, 1.0f ;GLfloat lightPos = -50.0f, 50.0f,100.0f, 1.0f ;/ CMFCGLViewIMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CMFCGLView, CView)BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMFCGLView, CView)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CMFCGLView)ON_WM_CREATE()ON_WM_DESTROY()ON_WM_SIZE()ON_WM_TIMER()ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()ON_COMMAND(C_PAN, OnCameraPan)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(C_PAN, OnUpdateCameraPan)ON_COMMAND(SELECTMODE, OnSELECTMODE)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(SELECTMODE, OnUpdateSELECTMODE)ON_WM_MOUSEMOVE()ON_WM_KEYDOWN()ON_WM_LBUTTONDOWN()ON_WM_RBUTTONDOWN()ON_COMMAND(C_ROTATE, OnSceneRotate)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(C_ROTATE, OnUpdateSceneRotate)ON_WM_PAINT()ON_COMMAND(ID_ORTHO, OnOrtho)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_ORTHO, OnUpdateOrtho)ON_COMMAND(ID_PERSPECTIVE, OnPerspective)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_PERSPECTIVE, OnUpdatePerspective)ON_COMMAND(ID_X_VIEW, OnXView)ON_COMMAND(ID_Y_VIEW, OnYView)ON_COMMAND(ID_Z_VIEW, OnZView)ON_COMMAND(ID_FREE_VIEW, OnFreeView)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_X_VIEW, OnUpdateXView)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_Y_VIEW, OnUpdateYView)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_Z_VIEW, OnUpdateZView)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_FREE_VIEW, OnUpdateFreeView)ON_COMMAND(ID_SHOW_COORDINATE_AXIS, OnShowCoordinateAxis)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_SHOW_COORDINATE_AXIS, OnUpdateShowCoordinateAxis)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_SOLID, OnDrawmodeSolid)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_SOLID, OnUpdateDrawmodeSolid)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_WIRE, OnDrawmodeWire)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_WIRE, OnUpdateDrawmodeWire)ON_WM_SETCURSOR()ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_POINTS, OnDrawmodePoints)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_POINTS, OnUpdateDrawmodePoints)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_SILHOUETTE, OnDrawmodeSilhouette)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_SILHOUETTE, OnUpdateDrawmodeSilhouette)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_ORIENTATION_INSIDE, OnDrawmodeOrientationInside)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_ORIENTATION_INSIDE, OnUpdateDrawmodeOrientationInside)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_ORIENTATION_OUTSIDE, OnDrawmodeOrientationOutside)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_ORIENTATION_OUTSIDE, OnUpdateDrawmodeOrientationOutside)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_FLAT, OnDrawmodeShadingFlat)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_FLAT, OnUpdateDrawmodeShadingFlat)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_NONE, OnDrawmodeShadingNone)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_NONE, OnUpdateDrawmodeShadingNone)ON_COMMAND(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_SMOOTH, OnDrawmodeShadingSmooth)ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_DRAWMODE_SHADING_SMOOTH, OnUpdateDrawmodeShadingSmooth)/AFX_MSG_MAP/ Standard printing commandsON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CView:OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView:OnFilePrintPreview)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/ CMFCGLView construction/destructionCMFCGLView:CMFCGLView()/ TODO: add construction code herem_pShape = gluNewQuadric(); m_fLineWidth= 0.05;m_hGLContext= NULL;m_GLPixelIndex= 0; m_Action= SELECT;m_RotateAxis= AXIS_Z;m_bBuildList= FALSE;m_bOrtho= FALSE;m_ViewMode= FREE_VIEW;m_bShowAxis= TRUE;m_bSelection= FALSE;m_nDrawMode= SOLID;m_nDrawOrient= OUTSIDE;m_nShading= SMOOTH;CMFCGLView:CMFCGLView()gluDeleteQuadric(m_pShape);BOOL CMFCGLView:PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)/ TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifyingcs.style |= (WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS);return CView:PreCreateWindow(cs);/ CMFCGLView drawingvoid CMFCGLView:OnDraw(CDC* pDC)CMFCGLDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);/ TODO: add draw code for native data here/ CMFCGLView printingBOOL CMFCGLView:OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo)/ default preparationreturn DoPreparePrinting(pInfo);void CMFCGLView:OnBeginPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)/ TODO: add extra initialization before printingvoid CMFCGLView:OnEndPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)/ TODO: add cleanup after printing/ CMFCGLView diagnostics#ifdef _DEBUGvoid CMFCGLView:AssertValid() constCView:AssertValid();void CMFCGLView:Dump(CDumpContext& dc) constCView:Dump(dc);CMFCGLDoc* CMFCGLView:GetDocument() / non-debug version is inlineASSERT(m_pDocument-IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CMFCGLDoc);return (CMFCGLDoc*)m_pDocument;#endif /_DEBUG/ CMFCGLView message handlersBOOL CMFCGLView:SetWindowPixelFormat(HDC hDC)PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pixelDesc;pixelDesc.nSize= sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR);pixelDesc.nVersion= 1;pixelDesc.dwFlags=PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_STEREO_DONTCARE| PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER; pixelDesc.iPixelType= PFD_TYPE_RGBA;pixelDesc.cColorBits= 32;pixelDesc.cRedBits= 8;pixelDesc.cRedShift= 16;pixelDesc.cGreenBits=8;pixelDesc.cGreenShift=8;pixelDesc.cBlueBits= 8;pixelDesc.cBlueShift= 0;pixelDesc.cAlphaBits= 0;pixelDesc.cAlphaShift= 0;pixelDesc.cAccumBits= 64;pixelDesc.cAccumRedBits= 16;pixelDesc.cAccumGreenBits= 16;pixelDesc.cAccumBlueBits= 16;pixelDesc.cAccumAlphaBits= 0;pixelDesc.cDepthBits= 32;pixelDesc.cStencilBits= 8;pixelDesc.cAuxBuffers= 0;pixelDesc.iLayerType= PFD_MAIN_PLANE;pixelDesc.bReserved= 0;pixelDesc.dwLayerMask= 0;pixelDesc.dwVisibleMask= 0;pixelDesc.dwDamageMask= 0;m_GLPixelIndex = ChoosePixelFormat( hDC, &pixelDesc);if (m_GLPixelIndex=0) m_GLPixelIndex = 1;if (DescribePixelFormat(hDC, m_GLPixelIndex, sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), &pixelDesc)=0)return FALSE;if (SetPixelFormat( hDC, m_GLPixelIndex, &pixelDesc)=FALSE)return FALSE;return TRUE;int CMFCGLView:OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) if (CView:OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) = -1)return -1;HWND hWnd = GetSafeHwnd();HDC hDC = :GetDC(hWnd);if (SetWindowPixelFormat(hDC)=FALSE)return 0;if (CreateViewGLContext(hDC)=FALSE)return 0;SetTimer(0,100,NULL); return 0;BOOL CMFCGLView:CreateViewGLContext(HDC hDC)m_hGLContext = wglCreateContext(hDC);if (m_hGLContext = NULL)return FALSE;if (wglMakeCurrent(hDC, m_hGLContext)=FALSE)return FALSE;return TRUE;void CMFCGLView:OnDestroy() if(wglGetCurrentContext()!=NULL) wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL) ;if (m_hGLContext!=NULL)wglDeleteContext(m_hGLContext);m_hGLContext = NULL;CView:OnDestroy(); void CMFCGLView:OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy) CView:OnSize(nType, cx, cy);GLsizei width, height;GLdouble aspect; width = cx;height = cy;if (cy=0)aspect = (GLdouble)width;elseaspect = (GLdouble)width/(GLdouble)height; m_WHRatio=aspect; glViewport(0, 0, width, height); InitOpenGL(); void CMFCGLView:OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) CView:OnTimer(nIDEvent);/override the virtual function to prevent the window redraw the window clientBOOL CMFCGLView:OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC) return FALSE; void CMFCGLView:OnCameraPan() m_Action = CAMERA_PAN; m_bSelection = FALSE;void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateCameraPan(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_Action=CAMERA_PAN); pCmdUI-Enable(m_ViewMode=FREE_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnSELECTMODE() m_Action = SELECT; m_bSelection = TRUE;void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateSELECTMODE(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_Action=SELECT); pCmdUI-Enable(m_ViewMode=FREE_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) DisplayWorldCoord(point); if(nFlags=MK_LBUTTON) int rx = point.x-m_OldPoint.x;int ry = point.y-m_OldPoint.y; switch(m_Action)case CAMERA_PAN: m_Camera.Offset(rx/100.0,-ry/100.0,0); break; case SCENE_ROTATE: m_Scene.RotateRoundAxis(rx/10,m_RotateAxis); break;m_OldPoint=point;Invalidate(); if(nFlags=MK_RBUTTON)int rx=point.x-m_OldPoint.x;switch(m_Action) case CAMERA_PAN:m_Camera.Offset(0,0,rx/100.0);HCURSOR hCursor = NULL;CWinApp *cWinApp = AfxGetApp ();hCursor = cWinApp-LoadCursor (IDC_CUR_ZOOM);:SetCursor(hCursor);break; m_OldPoint=point; Invalidate();/DisplayWorldCoord(point);CView:OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);void CMFCGLView:OnKeyDown(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags) if(nChar = VK_TAB & m_Action = SCENE_ROTATE) m_RotateAxis = (m_RotateAxis+1) %3; CView:OnKeyDown(nChar, nRepCnt, nFlags);void CMFCGLView:OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) m_OldPoint = point;UINT xPos = point.x;WORD yPos = point.y;if(m_bSelection = TRUE)ProcessSelection(xPos, yPos);CView:OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);void CMFCGLView:OnRButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) m_OldPoint = point;HCURSOR hCursor = NULL; CWinApp *cWinApp = AfxGetApp (); if(m_Action = CAMERA_PAN)hCursor = cWinApp-LoadCursor (IDC_CUR_ZOOM);:SetCursor(hCursor);CView:OnRButtonDown(nFlags, point);void CMFCGLView:OnSceneRotate() m_Action = SCENE_ROTATE;m_bSelection = FALSE;void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateSceneRotate(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_Action = SCENE_ROTATE); pCmdUI-Enable(m_ViewMode=FREE_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnPaint() CPaintDC dc(this);glLoadIdentity(); glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,1); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);CheckOrtho(); SetViewMode(); if(m_bShowAxis)glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); CCoordinateAxis(2,2,2).Display(); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); RenderScene();SwapBuffers(dc.m_ps.hdc);void CMFCGLView:OnOrtho() if(m_bOrtho)return;elsem_bOrtho=TRUE;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateOrtho(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_bOrtho);void CMFCGLView:OnPerspective() if(!m_bOrtho)return;elsem_bOrtho=FALSE;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnUpdatePerspective(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(!m_bOrtho);void CMFCGLView:InitOpenGL()glLineWidth(m_fLineWidth);glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);glFrontFace(GL_CW);glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);glCullFace(GL_FRONT);glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, ambientLight);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, diffuseLight);glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPos);glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK,GL_DIFFUSE);glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);void CMFCGLView:OnXView() m_ViewMode = X_VIEW;m_bOrtho = TRUE;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnYView() m_ViewMode = Y_VIEW;m_bOrtho = TRUE;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnZView() m_ViewMode = Z_VIEW;m_bOrtho = TRUE; Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnFreeView() m_ViewMode = FREE_VIEW;m_bOrtho = FALSE; Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateXView(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_ViewMode = X_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateYView(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_ViewMode = Y_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateZView(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_ViewMode = Z_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateFreeView(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_ViewMode = FREE_VIEW);void CMFCGLView:SetViewMode() glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);switch(m_ViewMode)case X_VIEW: gluLookAt(100,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1);break;case Y_VIEW:gluLookAt(0,100,0,0,0,0,0,0,1);break;case Z_VIEW:gluLookAt(0,0,100,0,0,0,0,1,0);break;case FREE_VIEW: m_Camera.Apply(); gluLookAt(5,5,2,0,0,0,0,0,1); m_Scene.Apply();break;void CMFCGLView:CheckOrtho()if(!m_bOrtho)glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity();gluPerspective(35,m_WHRatio,1,1000);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);elseglMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(-3*m_WHRatio,3*m_WHRatio,-3,3,-1000,1000);glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);void CMFCGLView:OnShowCoordinateAxis() m_bShowAxis =! m_bShowAxis;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateShowCoordinateAxis(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) pCmdUI-SetCheck(m_bShowAxis);void CMFCGLView:OnDrawmodeSolid() / TODO: Add your command handler code herem_nDrawMode = SOLID;InvalidateRect(NULL);void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateDrawmodeSolid(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) / TODO: Add your command update UI handler code herepCmdUI-SetCheck (m_nDrawMode = SOLID);void CMFCGLView:OnDrawmodeWire() / TODO: Add your command handler code herem_nDrawMode = WIRE;Invalidate();void CMFCGLView:OnUpdateDrawmodeWire(CCmdUI* pCmdUI) / TODO: Add your command update UI handler code herepCmdUI-SetCheck (m_nDrawMode = WIRE);/ Parse the selection buffer to see which planet/moon was selectedvoid CMFCGLView:ProcessPlanet(GLuint *pSelectBuff)int id,count;char cMessage64;count = pSelectBuff0;id = pSelectBuff3;if(m_Action = SELECT & m_bSelection)switch(id)case DISK:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Disk.);break;case SPHERE:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Sphere.);break;case CONE:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Cone.);break;case CYLINDER:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Cylinder.);break;case TEAPOT:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Teapot.);break;case TORUS:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Torus.);break;case CUBE:strcpy(cMessage,Success: Selected Cube.);break;default:strcpy(cMessage,Error - Nothing was clicked on!);break;AfxMessageBox(cMessage,0,0);#define BUFFER_LENGTH 64void CMFCGLView:ProcessSelection(int xPos, int yPos)GLuint selectBuffBUFFER_LENGTH;GLint hits, viewport4;glSelectBuffer(BUFFER_LENGTH, selectBuff);glGetIntegerv(GL_VIEWPORT, viewport);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glPushMatrix();glRenderMode(GL_SELECT);glLoadIdentity();gluPickMatrix(xPos, viewport3 - yPos, 2,2, viewport);gluPerspective(45.0f, m_WHRatio, 1.0, 425.0);RenderScene();hits = glRenderMode(GL_RENDER);if(hits = 1)ProcessPlanet(selectBuff);glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);glPopMatrix();glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);void CMFCGLView:RenderScene()switch(m_nDrawMode)case SOLID:gluQuadricDrawStyle(m_pShape, GLU_FILL);break;case WIRE:gluQuadricDrawStyle(m_pShape, GLU_LINE);break;case POINTS:gluQuadricDrawStyle(m_pShape, GLU_POINT);break;case SILHOUETTE:gluQuadricDrawStyle(m_pShape, GLU_SILHOUETTE);break;switch(m_nDrawOrient)case INSIDE:gluQuadricOrientation(m_pShape, GLU_INSIDE);break;case OUTSIDE:gluQuadricOrientation(m_pShape, GLU_OUTSIDE);break;switch(m_nShading)case NONE:gluQuadricNormals(m_pShape, GLU_NONE);break;case FLAT:gluQuadricNormals(m_pShape, GLU_FLAT);break;case SMOOTH:gluQuadricNormals(m_pShape, GLU_SMOOTH);break;glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);glPushMatrix();glInitNames();glPushName(0);glColor3ub(255,255,255);glLoadName(SPHERE);gluSphere( m_pShape, 1, 50, 50 );glPushMatrix();glColor3ub(255,255,255);glTranslatef(-3.0,0.0,0.0);glLoadName(CONE);gluCylinder( m_pShape