口译教程16单元雷天放.doc

16.1Frankly, it seems that the temptation to throw money and technology at companys new projects is irresistible rzstb()l 不可抵抗的 and the urge to expand seems pretty powerful. 坦率的讲，公司似乎无法抵御在新项目上投入大量资金和技术的诱惑(对公司来说，在新项目上投入大量资金和技术的诱惑似乎是无法抵抗的），同时，扩张的冲动看来也相当地强烈。Once convinced of the benefit of advanced technology, companies all too often invest hastily hestl匆忙地in them and in some basic training without considering other human factors necessary for success. This is the same as a novicenvs初学者gardener who chooses a plot, sows the seeds, waters and waits. With luck, the garden will flourish.flr繁荣，兴旺；茂盛一旦确信了先进技术的成效，公司往往会匆匆地在这些先进技术和一些基本培训上投资，并且没有考虑到对成功很必要的其他人为因素。这就如同一位没有经验的园丁（园艺初学者），选好一块地，播下种子，浇上水，然后开始等待。运气好的话(如果一切顺利的话)，花园将花繁叶茂。But seldom can business success be left to luck. Companies that invest in a comprehensive education programme to ensure their people understand the rationale,rnl基本原则behind the new technologies, and the impact of those technologies on their jobs, are more like an experienced gardener. A professional relying not on luck but on preparation will take time to prepare the garden before planting, and will research the special needs of different plants. 然而，商业上的成功却很少能依赖运气(很少商业能够依赖运气而成功）。有一些公司就像一名有经验的园丁，通过在综合教育项目上投入，以确保其员工能够了解新技术所涉及的基本原理和新技术给员工工作所带来的冲击。一名专心做好各种准备工作而非依靠运气的专业人士会在种植前花时间将花园准备好，同时，也会研究不同的植物的各种特殊需要。Frequently, companies fail to consider, or budget for, the single most important factor in determining the success of new technology: the education of the people who will be managing, operating, maintaining and using the new technologies. 在很多情况下，公司都没有考虑到决定新技术成功的最主要的因素，也没用为此做出预算。这个因素就是对将要管理、操作、维护和使用新技术的员工的教育。When considering this investment, companies should also be answering the question “why?” Those that pursue a deliberate course to understand the potential fears of their people, and deliver appropriate training programmes are in a far stronger position to reaprip 收获the fruits of their investment. 在考虑这项投入的时候，公司也应回答“为什么要这么样做”的问题。那些执意要寻求了解他们的员工的潜在担忧并提供适当的培训项目的公司，则很可能会去的投入的成果。During the 1992US presidential compaign, a chalkboard with “Its the economy, stupid!” greeted visitors to Bill Clitons campaign headquarters. That single sentence served as an important reminder to Cliton and his volunteers to focus on the most important issue. Something similar could easily be chalked up to remind companies of the most important issue in moving to any new technology: “Its the people.”在1992年美国总统竞选期间，来到比尔克林顿竞选总部的人，都可以看到黑板上写的一句话“问题是经济，傻瓜”！这简单的一句话很重要，它用来提醒克林顿和他的助选义工们要将精力集中在重要议题上。用类似的话作为口号应不是件难事，其目的是提醒公司在采用任何新技术时，最重要的问题是“人是决定因素”。16.2 on the issue of talented personnelSpeaking about talented personnel, I think the most crucial factor is that we should build up a system in which talents flow freely. I dont believe that China is short of the talented people; instead, there are many of them. Our problem is that many people have not been assigned to the jobs that may give full play to their talents. Its like having many beautiful young ladies and handsome young men, but most of them remain single because they have no opportunities to meet and socialize with each other. To be honest, in our institutions or enterprises, many people thought an individual not an able person. But that was not the case, it was more likely that he had been assigned to a job that did not suit him at all. Actually, if he had been transferred to another post, he might have become a first-class talent. With regard to the concept of talent and the personnel system, we sued to lay emphasis on personal charisma. Now, the team spirit is more emphasized. I feel now we are much more open and permissive than before in terms of both the personnel system and the attitude towards different people, which I think is a positive change. If we call our society before the accession to the WTO a comparatively traditional one, we may call it a relatively modern society since our entry to the WTO. I think there is a great difference of principle between the two. In the past, a particular position might have been created for the sake of a particular person, but in the days to come, we may try to spot the particular person to fill an available position. If we say in the past we paid great attention to a persons expertise in the selection process, maybe from now on we will pay much more attention to a persons overall quality. 16.3A: Mr. Smith, when you were here last time, you visited our orange orchard and we talked about your ideas about an orange juice project. After you left, the country government took your advice and built a 12-kilometer road from the country town to the orchard. B: 得知此事我很高兴，这样会使事情好办许多。现在谈谈咱们的项目吧！这个项目很简单，开始的时候只要一条生产线，当然希望以后可以扩大。A: how much money would be needed totally for a project like this?B: 大约100万美元。A: I see.B: 这样一个项目，中方准备出资多少？我的意思是说，如果谈成的话。A: as a general practice, we lay out 51% of the total investment. This includes, of course, cash, factory buildings, the right to use the site, things like that. B: 那么我们就负责机械设备和其他资本设备了。厂房的价值怎么算法？A: we resolve such matters through joint assessment. Together we get an impartial assessment of property value. And we can also have the third party assess it, such as Asset Evaluation Company. B: 在注册资本中，对外国合营者的投资比例，有没有明文规定？A: generally not less than 25%. The rest can be obtained through bank loans. B: 看起来这是合理的。现在咱们再谈谈期限，合营的期限多长？A: how long do you want?B: 这个企业不大，我想建议先定为8年。A: the contract could be extended if both sizes agreed.B: 8年以后我就退休了。您知道吗？A: you retire? Ill believe it only when I see it. B: 我退下来不当总裁了，加入董事会当个顾问。说到董事会，谁来当合资企业的董事长？A: the chairman of the broad will be appointed by us, and the vice-chairman by you.B: 董事任期多长？A: four years.B: 董事长是企业的法人代表咯？A: yes. A management office would be established and would be responsible for the day-to-day running of the joint venture (合资企业). So far as the management is concerned, you might appoint the manager and the chief engineer of the project, and we might appoint their deputies. B: 我们的产品是不是必须全部出口？A: we hope to export some of our products and want them to be able to compete on the world market. It helps us to grow, you see. Most of the products will be sold domestically and thats for sure. Chinas market has great potential and there would be no problems regarding sales as long as our products are competitive in quality and price. B: 当然，当然。合资企业是怎么办理登记注册的？A: we will prepare all the necessary documents and present them to the responsible authorities. B: 这得需要多长时间？A: about a quarter of a year. Three months.B: 我们要干就得趁早动手，对吗？A: right. If everything goes smoothly, hopefully we can get through all the formalities within two months. 16.4 危害分析和节点控制体系女士们，先生们：下午好！非常高兴来到这座媒体的城市病参加本次论坛。谢谢你们给了我这次机会来谈谈危害分析和节点控制体系（HACCP）及原则和应用指导。我的发言将氛围两个部分，第一部分是对这一体系的总体介绍。HACCP是一种食品安全管理体系，用于识别和控制食品生产或加工中出现的生物、化学和物理危害。这一体系可以预防、消除在食物链、包括从原材料的生产、采购和处置，到加工、销售及成品消费过程中出现的健康危害，或将危害减轻到可以接受的水平。HACCP在20世纪60年代由为美国宇航局工作的Pillsbury公司率先实行，旨在监理一个“零缺陷”的系统来保证宇航员在太空食用的食品的安全。70年代中期，美国食品药品管理局FDA在低酸性的罐装食品上采用了该控制体系的主要原则。食品法典委员会在认识到这套体系对食品控制的重要性后，于1997年将HACCP列为了食品安全的国际标准，同时将其原则和应用知道包括在食品卫生总则中。如今，HACCP已在世界许多国家的食品加工工厂、食品零售商店及食品服务机构中得到了成功的应用。食品工业的规模，产品的种类和加工在国际上大幅度增长。在过去30年中，视频的出口成10倍的增长使全世界的人们有更多机会接触各地的食品。但是全球食品运输约束的松动带来了疾病的不断扩散。新的食品病原体不断出现，隐含着食物中毒和死亡的威胁。以前未被认识到、以食品为重要媒介的细菌，如沙门氏肠菌，变得广泛传播。公众对食品化学污染方面的健康关注也不断增加，如食品中铅含量对神经系统的影响。为了满足在不断增长的国际贸易中，食用产品在世界范围内达到均衡的需要，世贸组织根据实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定，采用了HACCP体系座位对国际食品卫生安全要求的参考。在美国，FDA规定HACCP为海鲜品业、肉、禽类加工的食品安全标准，并在最近将果蔬汁生产列为之内。FDA目前正在考虑将此标准推广到食品工业的其他领域，包括国产和进口食品。欧盟和加拿大在海鲜品、肉、禽类食品加工和出口中必须实行HACCP的标准。日本根据其食品卫生法在海鲜业实施了类似的标准。与日本一样，澳大利亚和新西兰也正在积极推行在肉、禽类食品加工业中实行HACCP强制标准。实行HACCP体系使公司在竞争中取得优势，因为它可推动这些公司向国际市场出口其产品。同时，HACCP体系也提供了许多其他的商业优势，如可降低生产成本，降低产品的召回的风险，满足顾客对食品安全的要求，为管理层提供重要的信息，同时使员工的生产率和满足感最大化。对实行HACCP有兴趣的公司需要制定和实施一个HACCP的计划。下面我将重点讲应遵循的步骤，而这些步骤可以用来帮助负责实施和贯彻HACCP体系的人员。16.5 Chinas policy direction for absorbing foreign investmentLadies and Gentlemen: Good afternoon. I feel greatly honoured to have this opportunity to discuss with you the issue of CHinas introduction of foreign capital. The statistics released by the Ministry of Commerce last week show that in 2004, China approved the establishment of 43,664 new foreign-funded enterprises, with a contractual foreign investment of US$ 60.63 billion. China has become the worlds second largest recipient of foreign investment. We will in our work centre on the principles and policies of our nations economic and social development, adapt to the new situation of world economic development and stick to the principles of active, reasonalbe and efficient utilization of foreign capital. In absorbing foreign capital, we will try tofollow the principle of the four “combines”. 1. Combine it with economic structural adjustment and industrial upgrading;2. With the improvement of the socialist market economy system, and the reinforcement of enterprise competitiveness;3. With the expansion of exports and development of an open econ omy; and 4. With the vigorous development of Chinas western area, the rejuvenation of northeast China and the promotion of harmonious development of regional economies. We will take measures to further improve the soft environment for foreign investment, actively explore new methods for absorbing foreign capital, put emphasis on absorbing advanced technologies, modern management and special talents, actively introduce foreign capital to invest in industries of new and advanced technologies, encourage multinational companies to set up regional headquarters, research and procurement centres here, speed up the development of supporting industires and open up the service trade field to foreign capital step by step. To achieve these ends, we will focus our efforts on the following two areas.1. We will actively imporve the policy and legal environment for foreign investment and the level of administration according to law. To deliver our commitments on joining the WTO and meet the requirements of our opening-up process, we will further improve the legal system